Erschienen in:
01.12.2019
Consider the microbiome in the equation! They were here before us...and hosted us!
verfasst von:
José-Manuel Fernández-Real, Massimo Federici, Rémy Burcelin
Erschienen in:
Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
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Ausgabe 4/2019
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Excerpt
In the 90’s, inflammation captured the attention of researchers dedicated to the study of prevalent metabolic diseases [
1]. Inflammation was present in patients at risk of cardiovascular disease, tightly linked to insulin resistance [
2] and dyslipidemia [
3], and in patients with established atherosclerosis [
4]. In the search of triggers for this persistent, low-grade chronic inflammation, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was identified as a powerful inductor of inflammation and detectable in substantial amounts in the circulation (i.e. named metabolic inflammation) of patients with metabolic disorders [
5]. As LPS is present in the wall of gram negative bacteria, it was hypothesised that a specific microbiota composition could be behind the activation of the inflammatory cascade, leading in the long term to the development of metabolic diseases. In fact, penta-acylated LPS are consided anti- or with low inflammatory potential, while hexa-acylated LPS are considered as proinflammatory. Therefore, the specificity of the change in gram negative bacteria ecology could be at the origin of metabolic inflammation. …
