Background
Methods
Subjects
Chinese- Australian | Chinese- Austrailan | Anglo- Australian | Anglo- Australian | χ2/F Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Psychiatric Nurse | General Nurse | Psychiatric Nurse | General Nurse | ||
(n = 49) | (n = 35) | (n = 83) | (n = 41) | ||
Age #(mean, s.d.) | 50.3 (5.8) | 47.9 (6.0) | 43.1(9.6) | 39.5 (11.6) | 13.2*** F(1,197) |
Sex ( male/female) | 25/24 | 1/34 | 31/52 | 3/38 | 35.4*** |
Years in mental health nursing (mean, s.d.) | 19.5 (10.4) | 0.03 (0.1) | 12.9 (9.2) | 0.07 (0.2) | 68.8*** F(1,204) |
Years in general nursing (mean, s.d.) | 7.7 (10.5) | 23.1 (9.0) | 6.1 (9.3) | 15.6 (12.5) | 27.3*** |
Item Development of the NRS
Procedure
Response Rate
Statistical Analysis
Results
Dimensions of the NRS
Factor 1 | Factor 2 | Factor 3 | Factor 4 | Factor 5 | h2 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
D14 'give more treatment explanation' |
.83
| .04 | .15 | -.11 | .06 | .68 |
M14 'give more treatment explanation' |
.72
| .09 | .01 | -.22 |
-.32
| .74 |
D15 'explain more, rules regulations' |
.80
| .04 | .09 | .13 | .17 | .65 |
M15 'explain more, rules regulations' |
.68
| .06 | .06 | -.21 | -.27 | .65 |
D16 'ask more about his health' |
.81
| -.02 | .10 | .10 | .10 | .66 |
M16 'ask more about his health' |
.69
| -.05 | .05 | -.07 | -.22 | .63 |
D23 'encourage to discuss concerns' |
.78
| -.12 | -.17 | .03 | .01 | .66 |
M23 'encourage to discuss concerns' |
.64
| -.12 | -.10 | -.08 |
-.30
| .63 |
D22 'I would support carer more' |
.78
| -.05 | -.16 | .11 | .02 | .65 |
M22 'I would support carer more' |
.65
| -.01 | -.13 | -.03 |
-.32
| .65 |
D21 'encourage relatives to be supportive' |
.75
| -.01 | -.11 | .13 | .06 | .58 |
M21 'encourage relatives to be supportive' |
.65
| -.05 | -.04 | .01 | -.24 | .59 |
D7 'encourage more, self care' |
.72
| .11 | .11 | .01 | .08 | .50 |
M7 'encourage more, self care' |
.50
| .09 | .10 | -.15 | -.17 | .35 |
D13 'take more gentle approach' |
.59
| -.05 | .02 | .28 | .02 | .47 |
M13 'take more gentle approach' |
.43
| -.12 | -.02 | .13 |
-.44
| .56 |
D5 'is a challenge' | -.04 |
-.80
| -.04 | .07 | .02 | .63 |
M5 'is a challenge' | -.12 |
-.78
| .06 | -.12 | -.06 | .62 |
D1 ' special skills' | .03 |
-.74
| .09 | .24 | .17 | .59 |
M1 'special skills' | -.03 |
-.78
| .05 | -.03 | -.03 | .59 |
D2 'monotonous' | .07 |
.60
| .25 | -.01 | .03 | .44 |
M2 'monotonous' | .01 |
.55
| .12 | .24 | .12 | .41 |
D3 'special effort' |
.36
|
-.47
| -.09 | -.07 | -.11 | .44 |
M3 ' special effort' |
.36
|
-.41
| -.01 | .07 | .27 | .37 |
D10 'not trust his treatment opinion' | -.13 | -.10 |
.72
| .26 | .10 | .57 |
M10 'not trust his treatment opinion' | -.07 | .11 |
.57
| -.09 |
-.38
| .53 |
D8 'enforce doctors' orders' | .00 | -.04 |
.64
| .10 | .12 | .41 |
M8 'enforce doctors' orders' | -.07 | -.02 |
.61
| -.09 | -.19 | .42 |
D11 'hesitate give early leave' | .09 | .06 |
.57
| .07 | .08 | .36 |
M11 'hesitate give early leave' | -.03 | -.02 |
.52
| -.14 |
-.44
| .50 |
D9 'doubt his ability, self care' | .26 | .22 |
.52
| -.06 | .06 | .40 |
M9 'doubt his ability, self care' | .09 | .29 |
.40
| -.07 |
-.42
| .54 |
D20 'I feel barrier between us' | .09 | .14 | .03 |
.72
| -.07 | .63 |
M20 'I feel barrier between us' | .00 | .14 | -.01 |
.34
|
-.61
| .63 |
D31 'reluctant develop care plan with him' | -.05 | -.30 | -.06 |
.61
| -.07 | .52 |
M31 'reluctant develop care plan with him' | -.10 | .31 | .16 | .19 |
-.52
| .55 |
D19 'avoid confrontation' | .19 | .01 | -.10 |
.55
| .19 | .47 |
M19 'avoid confrontation' | .10 | .02 | -.12 |
.32
|
-.53
| .50 |
D30 'am not positive about his prognosis' | -.01 | -.04 | .28 |
.56
| -.04 | .39 |
M30 'am not positive about his prognosis' | -.02 | .10 | .19 | .23 |
-.34
| .29 |
D24 'encourage that he talk about problem' | .22 |
-.41
| .26 |
-.37
| .10 | .46 |
M24 'encourage that he talk about problem' | .13 |
-.39
|
.30
|
-.41
| .07 | .44 |
D28 'expect him to be demanding' | -.03 | -.12 | .26 |
.43
| -.27 | .38 |
M28 'expect him to be demanding' | .15 | .04 | .18 | .01 |
-.68
| .64 |
D29 'regard that he require more privacy' | -.04 | -.13 | .03 |
.44
|
-.30
| .35 |
M29 'regard that he require more privacy' | .08 | -.08 | -.07 | .05 |
-.69
| .52 |
D33 'more patient with him' |
.37
| -.24 | -.05 |
.41
| -.25 | .54 |
M33 'more patient with him' |
.30
| -.03 | -.04 | .10 |
-.59
| .60 |
D18 'keep my private life secret' |
.32
| .12 | .13. |
.41
| .03 | .35 |
M18 'keep my private life secret' | .34 | .06 | .11 | .09 |
-.45
| .49 |
D34 'ease off on touchy issues' | .29 | -.04 | -.02 | .17 |
-.33
| .32 |
M34 'ease off on touchy issues' | .23 | .-02 | -.05 | .04 | -.57 | .48 |
Percent variance | 24.9 | 12.2 | 6.0 | 4.7 | 4.1 | Total variance = 51.9% |
Cronbach's alpha D
1
|
.91
|
.75
|
.65
|
.78
| - | |
Cronbach's alpha M
1
|
.91
|
.75
|
.73
| - |
.85
|
Caring/Supporting | Nursing Satisfaction | Authoritarian Stance | Negativity | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Q17 'worry about his aggression' | Diabetes |
.35***
| -.11 |
.32***
|
.45***
|
Mental Disorder |
.53***
| -.02 |
.41***
|
.54***
| |
Q27 'trust relatives in giving medicine' | Diabetes |
.29***
| .03 | .05 |
.21**
|
Mental Disorder |
.26***
| .04 | -.03 |
.17*
| |
Q25 'allow his visitors to stay longer' | Diabetes |
.26***
| -.01 | -.05 |
.15*
|
Mental Disorder |
.22**
| .13 | .02 |
.18**
| |
Q32 'more careful about his confidentiality' | Diabetes |
.26***
| .07 | .09 |
.22**
|
Mental Disorder |
.34***
|
.16*
|
.22**
|
.22**
| |
Q4 'discuss his management' | Diabetes | .06 |
.36***
| .08 |
-.15*
|
Mental Disorder | .02 |
.31***
| .11 | -.09 | |
Q26 'caution discussing him with visitors' | Diabetes | .05 | .00 |
.17*
| .01 |
Mental Disorder | .06 | .07 |
.23**
| .10 | |
Q12 'expect he will follow instructions' | Diabetes | .12 | -.03 | .12 | .00 |
Mental Disorder | .13 | -.05 | .05 | .00 |