Background
Methods
Study setting
Study participants
Study design
Sample size and sampling
Intervention
Training of community health workers
Teaching the community
Supervision
Data collection
Outcome measures
Data analysis
Results
Pre intervention | Post intervention | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 798 |
n = 786 |
n =744 |
n =742 | |||
Intervention n (%) | Comparison n (%) |
p value
| Intervention n (%) | Comparison n (%) |
p value
| |
Age of participants | 0.463 | 0.725 | ||||
< 21 | 177(22.2) | 169(21.5) | 139(18.7) | 178(24.0) | ||
21–25 | 228(28.6) | 213(27.1) | 193(25.9) | 166(22.4) | ||
26–30 | 181(22.7) | 192(24.4) | 171(23.0) | 166(22.4) | ||
31–35 | 128(16.0) | 120(15.3) | 119(16.0) | 109(14.7) | ||
> 35 | 84(10.5) | 92(11.7) | 122(16.4) | 123(16.6) | ||
Marital status | 0.652 | 0.858 | ||||
Single | 173(21.7) | 119(15.1) | 152(20.4) | 139(18.7) | ||
Married/Cohabiting | 625(78.3) | 667(84.9) | 592(79.6) | 603(81.2) | ||
Education level | 0.351 | 0.731 | ||||
No school | 217(27.2) | 262(33.3) | 227(30.5) | 258(34.8) | ||
Primary incomplete | 94(11.8) | 68(8.7) | 62(8.1) | 54(7.3) | ||
Primary completed | 445(55.9) | 420(53.4) | 390(52.4) | 376(50.7) | ||
Secondary and higher | 40(5.1) | 36(4.6) | 6 5(8.7) | 54(7.3) | ||
Missing | 2 | |||||
Asset quintile | 0.613 | 0.348 | ||||
A1 poorest | 22.7 | 18.1 | 23.7 | 19.6 | ||
A2 | 21,2 | 23.2 | 19.1 | 22.8 | ||
A3 | 21,2 | 18.5 | 19.8 | 18.3 | ||
A4 | 18.1 | 21.0 | 17.0 | 20.8 | ||
A5 least poor | 16.8 | 19.2 | 20.4 | 18.5 | ||
Obstetric complication | 144(18.0) | 130(16.5) | 0.872 | 132(17.7) | 103(13.9) | 0.761 |
Parity | 0.647 | 0.849 | ||||
1 | 218(27.3) | 162(20.6) | 199(26.7) | 184(24.8) | ||
2–4 | 409(51.3) | 432(55.0) | 354(47.6) | 364(49.1) | ||
> 4 | 171(21.4) | 196(24.4) | 191(25.7) | 194(26.1) |
Pre intervention | Post intervention | Difference | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 798 |
n = 786 |
n = 744 |
n = 742 | ||||||
Intervention n (%) | Comparison n (%) | Difference (%) | Intervention n (%) | Comparison n (%) | Difference (%) | NIE (%) | 95 % CI |
p-value | |
Facility delivery | 603 (75.6) | 598 (76.1) | -0.5 | 671 (90.2) | 588 (79.2) | 11 | 11.5 | -5.1-39.6 | 0.123 |
ANC visits | |||||||||
At least 1 | 735 (92.1) | 765 (93.5) | -1.5 | 717 (96.4) | 697 (94.0) | 2.2 | 3.7 | -1.1-5.6 | 0.119 |
4 or more | 335 (42.4) | 339 (43.2) | -0.8 | 504 (67.8) | 322 (43.4) | 24.4 | 25.2 | 16.9 -33.2 | < .0001 |
Pre intervention (N = 798) | Post intervention | Difference | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 798) | (n = 786) | (n = 744) | (n = 742) | ||||||
Knowledge | Intervention (%) | Comparison (%) | Difference (%) | Intervention (%) | Comparison (%) | Difference (%) | NIE (%) | CI 95 % |
p-value |
During Pregnancy | |||||||||
Heavy Bleeding | 14.7 | 15 | 0.3 | 41.3 | 15.5 | 25.8 | 25.5 | 11.6–32.8 | < .0001 |
Fever | 19.7 | 17.9 | 1.8 | 30.2 | 23.6 | 6.6 | 4.8 | -1.5–11.8 | 0.078 |
Fits | 14.4 | 17.3 | -2.9 | 26.5 | 15.8 | 10.7 | 13.6 | 10.7–20.2 | < .0001 |
Headache | 5.1 | 5.7 | 0.6 | 10.3 | 3.4 | 6.7 | 6.1 | 3.8–11.5 | < .0001 |
Knowledge of at least 3 (Out of 12) | 15.2 | 18.5 | -3.3 | 48.1 | 22.4 | 25.7 | 29.0 | 12.8–36.2 | < .0001 |
During Childbirth | |||||||||
Bleeding | 24.9 | 24.4 | 0.5 | 53.1 | 34.5 | 18.6 | 18.1 | 12–25.2 | < .0001 |
Fever | 4.8 | 5.2 | 0.4 | 5.1 | 3.9 | 1.6 | 1.2 | -1.5–3.9 | 0.376 |
Prolonged labour | 3.6 | 7.9 | -4.3 | 7.4 | 7.6 | -0.2 | 4.1 | 3.5–8.1 | < .0001 |
Knowledge of at least 3 (Out of 10) | 15.3 | 13.9 | 1.4 | 43.1 | 23.5 | 19.7 | 18.3 | 11.4–25.2 | < .0001 |
During Postpartum | |||||||||
Bleeding | 15.1 | 19.0 | -2.9 | 39.8 | 15.2 | 24.6 | 27.5 | 21.8–30.8 | < .0001 |
Fever | 2.2 | 5.3 | -3.1 | 8.9 | 5.6 | 3.3 | 6.3 | -1-6–5.2 | 0.763 |
Body weakness | 7.8 | 4.2 | 3.6 | 4.2 | 3.5 | 0.7 | -2.9 | -1.1–6.8 | 0.145 |
Fits | 8.9 | 6.6 | 2.3 | 16.5 | 7.2 | 9.3 | 7.0 | 2.3–15.1 | < .0001 |
Knowledge of at least 3 (out of 8) | 8.8 | 8.9 | -0.1 | 19.8 | 9.2 | 9.3 | 9.4 | 6.4–15.7 | < .0001 |
Pre intervention | Post intervention | Difference | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n =798 |
n = 786 |
n = 744) |
n = 742 | ||||||
Intervention (%) | Comparison (%) | Difference (%) | Intervention (%) | Comparison (%) | Difference (%) | NIE (%) | CI 95 % |
p-value | |
Saving Money | 36.5 | 39.6 | -3.1 | 58.7 | 55.4 | 3.3 | 6.4 | -3.5–16.4 | 0.195 |
Identify transport | 6.3 | 4.2 | 2.1 | 22.0 | 6.0 | 16 | 13.9 | 3.8–27.4 | < .0001 |
Identify Skilled attendant | 0.3 | 0.5 | -0.2 | 4.7 | 0.6 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 2.5–8.1 | < .0001 |
Identify where to go | 0.9 | 1.0 | -0.1 | 10.5 | 0.9 | 9.6 | 9.7 | 3.3–17.9 | 0.035 |
Identify Blood donor | 0.1 | 0.3 | -0.2 | 4.5 | 0.5 | 4 | 4.2 | 2.0–6.5 | < .0001 |
Identify Birth Kit | 74.2 | 73.9 | 0.3 | 97.6 | 96.1 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 0.2–5.1 | 0.582 |
Knowledge of 3 BP/CR | 2.3 | 2.8 | -0.5 | 13.6 | 4.9 | 8.7 | 9.2 | 2.8–13.2 | < .0001 |
Pre intervention | Post intervention | Difference | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 798 |
n = 786 |
n = 744 |
n = 742 | ||||||
Intervention (%) | Comparison (%) | Difference (%) | Intervention (%) | Comparison (%) | Difference (%) | NIE (%) | CI 95 % |
p-value | |
Saved Money | 66.5 | 67.4 | -0.9 | 73.3 | 60.1 | 13.1 | 14 | 4.5–23.6 | 0.003 |
Identified Transport | 21.9 | 31.8 | -9.9 | 27.6 | 21.8 | 5.7 | 15.6 | 3.8–27.4 | 0.008 |
Identified Skilled attendant | 1.3 | 1.1 | -0.2 | 11.1 | 1.3 | 10.8 | 11 | 9.1–16.2 | < .0001 |
Identified where to go | 4.3 | 4.1 | 0.2 | 12.9 | 4.3 | 8.6 | 8.4 | 5.1–11.8 | < .0001 |
Identified Blood donor | 2.4 | 2.3 | -0.1 | 3.9 | 0.3 | 3.6 | 3.7 | 2.1–6.2 | < .0001 |
Identified Birth Kit | 68.9 | 67.3 | 1.6 | 93.1 | 79.4 | 13.8 | 12.2 | 1.2–23.1 | 0.026 |
Practice of 3 BP/CR | 20.8 | 23.5 | -2.7 | 35.3 | 25.2 | 10.3 | 13 | 10.3–20.3 | < .0001 |