Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Current Fungal Infection Reports 3/2020

09.06.2020 | Fungal Infections of Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue (A Bonifaz and M Pereira, Section Editors)

Emerging Fungal Cutaneous Infections in Immunocompromised Patients

verfasst von: Aditya Chandorkar, Jacques Simkins

Erschienen in: Current Fungal Infection Reports | Ausgabe 3/2020

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Purpose of Review

This review summarizes epidemiological risk factors, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of common emerging fungal infections that are associated with cutaneous manifestations, in immunocompromised patients including solid organ transplant and hematopoietic cell transplant recipients.

Recent Findings

Immunocompromised patients including transplant recipients are at an increased risk of invasive fungal disease due to emerging fungi, such as mucormycetes and Scedosporium spp. Although cutaneous involvement is common, there is a great degree of variation in clinical manifestations, diagnostic techniques, and more importantly, treatment with antifungals.

Summary

The cutaneous manifestations of emerging fungal pathogens in immunocompromised patients can be localized or part of a disseminated disease. These fungal infections are remarkable for their varying resistance to antifungals. It is essential for clinicians to be knowledgeable about these infections as early treatment might improve outcomes including survival.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Wisplinghoff H, Bischoff T, Tallent SM, Seifert H, Wenzel RP, Edmond MB. Nosocomial bloodstream infections in US hospitals: analysis of 24,179 cases from a prospective nationwide surveillance study. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;39:309–17.PubMed Wisplinghoff H, Bischoff T, Tallent SM, Seifert H, Wenzel RP, Edmond MB. Nosocomial bloodstream infections in US hospitals: analysis of 24,179 cases from a prospective nationwide surveillance study. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;39:309–17.PubMed
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Murray PR. Manual of Clinical Microbiology. 7th ed. Washington, DC: ASM Press; 1999. p. 1173. Murray PR. Manual of Clinical Microbiology. 7th ed. Washington, DC: ASM Press; 1999. p. 1173.
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Crissey JT, Lang H, Parrish LC. Manual of Medical Mycology. Cambridge: Blackwell Scientific; 1995. p. 263. Crissey JT, Lang H, Parrish LC. Manual of Medical Mycology. Cambridge: Blackwell Scientific; 1995. p. 263.
5.
Zurück zum Zitat •• Shoham S, Dominguez EA, AST infectious diseases Community of Practice. Emerging fungal infections in solid organ transplant recipients: guidelines of the American Society of Transplantation infectious diseases Community of Practice. Clin Transpl. 2019;33:e13525 Most recently updated set of guidelines from Transplant Infectious Disease physicians about diagnosis and management of emerging fungal infections in solid organ transplant recipients. •• Shoham S, Dominguez EA, AST infectious diseases Community of Practice. Emerging fungal infections in solid organ transplant recipients: guidelines of the American Society of Transplantation infectious diseases Community of Practice. Clin Transpl. 2019;33:e13525 Most recently updated set of guidelines from Transplant Infectious Disease physicians about diagnosis and management of emerging fungal infections in solid organ transplant recipients.
6.
Zurück zum Zitat • Castrejón-Pérez AD, Welsh EC, Miranda I, Ocampo-Candiani J, Welsh O. Cutaneous mucormycosis. An Bras Dermatol. 2017;92:304–11 Review summarizing clinical manifestations and diagnosis of cutaneous involvement in mucormycosis.PubMedPubMedCentral • Castrejón-Pérez AD, Welsh EC, Miranda I, Ocampo-Candiani J, Welsh O. Cutaneous mucormycosis. An Bras Dermatol. 2017;92:304–11 Review summarizing clinical manifestations and diagnosis of cutaneous involvement in mucormycosis.PubMedPubMedCentral
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Kontoyiannis DP. Decrease in the number of reported cases of zygomycosis among patients with diabetes mellitus: a hypothesis. Clin Infect Dis. 2007;44:1089–90.PubMed Kontoyiannis DP. Decrease in the number of reported cases of zygomycosis among patients with diabetes mellitus: a hypothesis. Clin Infect Dis. 2007;44:1089–90.PubMed
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Pagano L, Caira M, Candoni A, Offidani M, Fianchi L, Martino B, et al. The epidemiology of fungal infections in patients with hematologic malignancies: the SEIFEM-2004 study. Haematologica. 2006;91:1068–75.PubMed Pagano L, Caira M, Candoni A, Offidani M, Fianchi L, Martino B, et al. The epidemiology of fungal infections in patients with hematologic malignancies: the SEIFEM-2004 study. Haematologica. 2006;91:1068–75.PubMed
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Pagano L, Offidani M, Fianchi L, Nosari A, Candoni A, Picardi M, et al. Mucormycosis in hematologic patients. Haematologica. 2004;89:207–14.PubMed Pagano L, Offidani M, Fianchi L, Nosari A, Candoni A, Picardi M, et al. Mucormycosis in hematologic patients. Haematologica. 2004;89:207–14.PubMed
10.
Zurück zum Zitat •• Bays DJ, Thompson GR 3rd. Fungal infections of the stem cell transplant recipient and hematologic malignancy patients. Infect Dis Clin N Am. 2019;33:545–66 Updated clinical review of invasive fungal infections as seen in patients with hematological malignancies and hematopoietic transplant recipients. •• Bays DJ, Thompson GR 3rd. Fungal infections of the stem cell transplant recipient and hematologic malignancy patients. Infect Dis Clin N Am. 2019;33:545–66 Updated clinical review of invasive fungal infections as seen in patients with hematological malignancies and hematopoietic transplant recipients.
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Devauchelle P, Jeanne M, Fréalle E. Mucormycosis in Burn Patients. J Fungi (Basel). 2019;5:E25. Devauchelle P, Jeanne M, Fréalle E. Mucormycosis in Burn Patients. J Fungi (Basel). 2019;5:E25.
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Warkentien T, Rodriguez C, Lloyd B, Wells J, Weintrob A, Dunne JR, et al. Infectious disease clinical research program trauma infectious disease outcomes study group. Invasive mold infections following combat-related injuries. Clin Infect Dis. 2012;55:1441–9.PubMedPubMedCentral Warkentien T, Rodriguez C, Lloyd B, Wells J, Weintrob A, Dunne JR, et al. Infectious disease clinical research program trauma infectious disease outcomes study group. Invasive mold infections following combat-related injuries. Clin Infect Dis. 2012;55:1441–9.PubMedPubMedCentral
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Neblett-Fanfair R, Benedict K, Bos J, et al. Necrotizing cutaneous mucormycosis after a tornado in Joplin, Missouri, in 2011. N Engl J Med. 2012;367:2214–25.PubMed Neblett-Fanfair R, Benedict K, Bos J, et al. Necrotizing cutaneous mucormycosis after a tornado in Joplin, Missouri, in 2011. N Engl J Med. 2012;367:2214–25.PubMed
14.
Zurück zum Zitat •• Roden MM, Zaoutis TE, Buchanan WL, et al. Epidemiology and outcome of zygomycosis: a review of 929 reported cases. Clin Infect Dis. 2005;41:634–53 First comprehensive literature review describing epidemiology and outcomes in all reported cases of Mucormycosis since 1885.PubMed •• Roden MM, Zaoutis TE, Buchanan WL, et al. Epidemiology and outcome of zygomycosis: a review of 929 reported cases. Clin Infect Dis. 2005;41:634–53 First comprehensive literature review describing epidemiology and outcomes in all reported cases of Mucormycosis since 1885.PubMed
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Hata DJ, Buckwalter SP, Pritt BS, Roberts GD, Wengenack NL. Real-time PCR method for detection of Zygomycetes. J Clin Microbiol. 2008;46:2353–8.PubMedPubMedCentral Hata DJ, Buckwalter SP, Pritt BS, Roberts GD, Wengenack NL. Real-time PCR method for detection of Zygomycetes. J Clin Microbiol. 2008;46:2353–8.PubMedPubMedCentral
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Chamilos G, Lewis RE, Kontoyiannis DP. Delaying amphotericin B-based frontline therapy significantly increases mortality among patients with hematologic malignancy who have zygomycosis. Clin Infect Dis. 2008;47:503–9.PubMed Chamilos G, Lewis RE, Kontoyiannis DP. Delaying amphotericin B-based frontline therapy significantly increases mortality among patients with hematologic malignancy who have zygomycosis. Clin Infect Dis. 2008;47:503–9.PubMed
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Marty FM, Ostrosky-Zeichner L, Cornely OA, Mullane KM, Perfect JR, Thompson GR 3rd, et al. Isavuconazole treatment for mucormycosis: a single-arm open-label trial and case-control analysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2016;16:828–37.PubMed Marty FM, Ostrosky-Zeichner L, Cornely OA, Mullane KM, Perfect JR, Thompson GR 3rd, et al. Isavuconazole treatment for mucormycosis: a single-arm open-label trial and case-control analysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2016;16:828–37.PubMed
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Heath CH, Slavin MA, Sorrell TC, Handke R, Harun A, Phillips M, et al. Population-based surveillance for scedosporiosis in Australia: epidemiology, disease manifestations and emergence of Scedosporium aurantiacum infection. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2009;15:689–93.PubMed Heath CH, Slavin MA, Sorrell TC, Handke R, Harun A, Phillips M, et al. Population-based surveillance for scedosporiosis in Australia: epidemiology, disease manifestations and emergence of Scedosporium aurantiacum infection. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2009;15:689–93.PubMed
19.
Zurück zum Zitat •• Cortez KJ, Roilides E, Quiroz-Telles F, et al. Infections caused by Scedosporium spp. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2008;21:157–97 Comprehensive review of history, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and treatment of different types of invasiveScedosporiuminfections.PubMedPubMedCentral •• Cortez KJ, Roilides E, Quiroz-Telles F, et al. Infections caused by Scedosporium spp. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2008;21:157–97 Comprehensive review of history, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and treatment of different types of invasiveScedosporiuminfections.PubMedPubMedCentral
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Rougeron A, Giraud S, Alastruey-Izquierdo A, Cano-Lira J, Rainer J, Mouhajir A, et al. Ecology of Scedosporium species: present knowledge and future research. Mycopathologia. 2018;183:185–200.PubMed Rougeron A, Giraud S, Alastruey-Izquierdo A, Cano-Lira J, Rainer J, Mouhajir A, et al. Ecology of Scedosporium species: present knowledge and future research. Mycopathologia. 2018;183:185–200.PubMed
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Neofytos D, Fishman J, Horn D, et al. Epidemiology and outcome of invasive fungal infections in solid organ transplant recipients. Transpl Infect Dis. 2010;12:220–9.PubMed Neofytos D, Fishman J, Horn D, et al. Epidemiology and outcome of invasive fungal infections in solid organ transplant recipients. Transpl Infect Dis. 2010;12:220–9.PubMed
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Lamaris GA, Chamilos G, Lewis RE, Safdar A, Raad II, Kontoyiannis DP. Scedosporium infection in a tertiary care cancer center: a review of 25 cases from 1989-2006. Clin Infect Dis. 2006;43:1580–4.PubMed Lamaris GA, Chamilos G, Lewis RE, Safdar A, Raad II, Kontoyiannis DP. Scedosporium infection in a tertiary care cancer center: a review of 25 cases from 1989-2006. Clin Infect Dis. 2006;43:1580–4.PubMed
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Husain S, Munoz P, Forrest G, Alexander BD, Somani J, Brennan K, et al. Infections due to Scedosporium apiospermum and Scedosporium prolificans in transplant recipients: clinical characteristics and impact of antifungal agent therapy on outcome. Clin Infect Dis. 2005;40:89–99.PubMed Husain S, Munoz P, Forrest G, Alexander BD, Somani J, Brennan K, et al. Infections due to Scedosporium apiospermum and Scedosporium prolificans in transplant recipients: clinical characteristics and impact of antifungal agent therapy on outcome. Clin Infect Dis. 2005;40:89–99.PubMed
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Caston JJ, Linares MJ, Rivero A, Casal M, Torre-Cisneros J. Clinical differences between invasive pulmonary infection by Scedosporium apiospermum and invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Mycoses. 2011;54:e468–73.PubMed Caston JJ, Linares MJ, Rivero A, Casal M, Torre-Cisneros J. Clinical differences between invasive pulmonary infection by Scedosporium apiospermum and invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Mycoses. 2011;54:e468–73.PubMed
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Marr KA, Carter RA, Crippa F, Wald A, Corey L. Epidemiology and outcome of mould infections in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. Clin Infect Dis. 2002;34:909–17.PubMed Marr KA, Carter RA, Crippa F, Wald A, Corey L. Epidemiology and outcome of mould infections in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. Clin Infect Dis. 2002;34:909–17.PubMed
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Miyamoto T, Sasaoka R, Kawaguchi M, Ishioka S, Inoue T, Yamada N, et al. Scedosporium apiospermum skin infection: a case report and review of the literature. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1998;39:498–500.PubMed Miyamoto T, Sasaoka R, Kawaguchi M, Ishioka S, Inoue T, Yamada N, et al. Scedosporium apiospermum skin infection: a case report and review of the literature. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1998;39:498–500.PubMed
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Uenotsuchi T, Moroi Y, Urabe K, Tsuji G, Koga T, Matsuda T, et al. Cutaneous Scedosporium apiospermum infection in an immunocompromised patient and a review of the literature. Acta Derm Venereol. 2005;85:156–9.PubMed Uenotsuchi T, Moroi Y, Urabe K, Tsuji G, Koga T, Matsuda T, et al. Cutaneous Scedosporium apiospermum infection in an immunocompromised patient and a review of the literature. Acta Derm Venereol. 2005;85:156–9.PubMed
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Bower CP, Oxley JD, Campbell CK, Archer CB. Cutaneous Scedosporium apiospermum infection in an immunocompromised patient. J Clin Pathol. 1999;52:846–8.PubMedPubMedCentral Bower CP, Oxley JD, Campbell CK, Archer CB. Cutaneous Scedosporium apiospermum infection in an immunocompromised patient. J Clin Pathol. 1999;52:846–8.PubMedPubMedCentral
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Bosma F, Voss A, van Hamersvelt HW, de Sévaux RGL, Biert J, Kullberg BJ, et al. Two cases of subcutaneous Scedosporium apiospermum infection treated with voriconazole. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2003;9:750–3.PubMed Bosma F, Voss A, van Hamersvelt HW, de Sévaux RGL, Biert J, Kullberg BJ, et al. Two cases of subcutaneous Scedosporium apiospermum infection treated with voriconazole. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2003;9:750–3.PubMed
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Gillum PS, Gurswami A, Taira JW. Localized cutaneous infection by Scedosporium prolificans (inflatum). Int J Dermatol. 1997;36:297–9.PubMed Gillum PS, Gurswami A, Taira JW. Localized cutaneous infection by Scedosporium prolificans (inflatum). Int J Dermatol. 1997;36:297–9.PubMed
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Rüchel R, Margraf S. Rapid microscopical diagnosis of deep-seated mycoses following maceration of fresh specimens and staining with optical brighteners. Mycoses. 1993;36:239–42.PubMed Rüchel R, Margraf S. Rapid microscopical diagnosis of deep-seated mycoses following maceration of fresh specimens and staining with optical brighteners. Mycoses. 1993;36:239–42.PubMed
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Idigoras P, Garcia-Arenzana JM, Saenz JR, Pineiro L, Marin J. Isolation of Scedosporium prolificans from the air in the room of a patient with leukemia and disseminated infection with this fungus. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2000;18:426–7.PubMed Idigoras P, Garcia-Arenzana JM, Saenz JR, Pineiro L, Marin J. Isolation of Scedosporium prolificans from the air in the room of a patient with leukemia and disseminated infection with this fungus. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2000;18:426–7.PubMed
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Ruiz-Díez B, Martín-Díez F, Rodríguez-Tudela JL, Alvárez M, Martínez-Suárez JV. Use of random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and PCR-fingerprinting for genotyping a Scedosporium prolificans (inflatum) outbreak in four leukemic patients. Curr Microbiol. 1997;35:186–90.PubMed Ruiz-Díez B, Martín-Díez F, Rodríguez-Tudela JL, Alvárez M, Martínez-Suárez JV. Use of random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and PCR-fingerprinting for genotyping a Scedosporium prolificans (inflatum) outbreak in four leukemic patients. Curr Microbiol. 1997;35:186–90.PubMed
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Sitterlé E, Giraud S, Leto J. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry for fast and accurate identification of Pseudallescheria/Scedosporium species. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2014;20:929–35.PubMed Sitterlé E, Giraud S, Leto J. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry for fast and accurate identification of Pseudallescheria/Scedosporium species. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2014;20:929–35.PubMed
35.
Zurück zum Zitat • McCarthy MW, Katragkou A, Iosifidis E, Roilides E, Walsh TJ. Recent advances in the treatment of Scedosporiosis and Fusariosis. J Fungi (Basel). 2018;4:1–16 Summary of newer diagnostic techniques and updates in management including evidence for newer triazoles. • McCarthy MW, Katragkou A, Iosifidis E, Roilides E, Walsh TJ. Recent advances in the treatment of Scedosporiosis and Fusariosis. J Fungi (Basel). 2018;4:1–16 Summary of newer diagnostic techniques and updates in management including evidence for newer triazoles.
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Rodriguez MM, Calvo E, Serena C, Marine M, Pastor FJ, Guarro J. Effects of double and triple combinations of antifungal drugs in a murine model of disseminated infection by Scedosporium prolificans. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2009;53:2153–5.PubMedPubMedCentral Rodriguez MM, Calvo E, Serena C, Marine M, Pastor FJ, Guarro J. Effects of double and triple combinations of antifungal drugs in a murine model of disseminated infection by Scedosporium prolificans. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2009;53:2153–5.PubMedPubMedCentral
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Meletiadis J, Mouton JW, Meis JF, Verweij PE. In vitro drug interaction modeling of combinations of azoles with terbinafine against clinical Scedosporium prolificans isolates. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2003;47:106–17.PubMedPubMedCentral Meletiadis J, Mouton JW, Meis JF, Verweij PE. In vitro drug interaction modeling of combinations of azoles with terbinafine against clinical Scedosporium prolificans isolates. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2003;47:106–17.PubMedPubMedCentral
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Troke P, Aguirrebengoa K, Arteaga C, Ellis D, Heath CH, Lutsar I, et al. Treatment of scedosporiosis with voriconazole: clinical experience with 107 patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2008;52:1743–50.PubMedPubMedCentral Troke P, Aguirrebengoa K, Arteaga C, Ellis D, Heath CH, Lutsar I, et al. Treatment of scedosporiosis with voriconazole: clinical experience with 107 patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2008;52:1743–50.PubMedPubMedCentral
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Nelson PE, Dignani MC, Anaissie EJ. Taxonomy, biology, and clinical aspects of Fusarium species. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1994;7:479–504.PubMedPubMedCentral Nelson PE, Dignani MC, Anaissie EJ. Taxonomy, biology, and clinical aspects of Fusarium species. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1994;7:479–504.PubMedPubMedCentral
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Elvers K, Leeming K, Moore C, Lappin-Scott H. Bacterial-fungal biofilms in flowing water photo-processing tanks. J Appl Microbiol. 1998;84:607–18.PubMed Elvers K, Leeming K, Moore C, Lappin-Scott H. Bacterial-fungal biofilms in flowing water photo-processing tanks. J Appl Microbiol. 1998;84:607–18.PubMed
41.
Zurück zum Zitat • Kontoyiannis DP, Marr KA, Park BJ, et al. Prospective surveillance for invasive fungal infections in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients, 2001-2006: overview of the transplant-associated infection surveillance network (TRANSNET) database. Clin Infect Dis. 2010;50:1091–100 Large nationwide prospective surveillance study with epidemiological information about invasive fungal infections in hematopoietic transplant patients.PubMed • Kontoyiannis DP, Marr KA, Park BJ, et al. Prospective surveillance for invasive fungal infections in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients, 2001-2006: overview of the transplant-associated infection surveillance network (TRANSNET) database. Clin Infect Dis. 2010;50:1091–100 Large nationwide prospective surveillance study with epidemiological information about invasive fungal infections in hematopoietic transplant patients.PubMed
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Nucci M, Marr KA, Queiroz-Telles F, Martins CA, Trabasso P, Costa S, et al. Fusarium infection in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;38:1237–42.PubMed Nucci M, Marr KA, Queiroz-Telles F, Martins CA, Trabasso P, Costa S, et al. Fusarium infection in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;38:1237–42.PubMed
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Nucci M, Anaissie EJ, Queiroz-Telles F, Martins CA, Trabasso P, Solza C, et al. Outcome predictors of 84 patients with hematologic malignancies and Fusarium infection. Cancer. 2003;98:315–9.PubMed Nucci M, Anaissie EJ, Queiroz-Telles F, Martins CA, Trabasso P, Solza C, et al. Outcome predictors of 84 patients with hematologic malignancies and Fusarium infection. Cancer. 2003;98:315–9.PubMed
44.
Zurück zum Zitat •• Nucci M, Anaissie E. Cutaneous infection by Fusarium species in healthy and immunocompromised hosts: implications for diagnosis and management. Clin Infect Dis. 2002;35:909–20 Large study with 259 patients describing cutaneous involvement inFusarium, contrasting manifestations in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients.PubMed •• Nucci M, Anaissie E. Cutaneous infection by Fusarium species in healthy and immunocompromised hosts: implications for diagnosis and management. Clin Infect Dis. 2002;35:909–20 Large study with 259 patients describing cutaneous involvement inFusarium, contrasting manifestations in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients.PubMed
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Bodey GP. Dermatologic manifestations of infections in neutropenic patients. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 1994;8:655–75.PubMed Bodey GP. Dermatologic manifestations of infections in neutropenic patients. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 1994;8:655–75.PubMed
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Prins C, Chavaz P, Tamm K, Hauser C. Ecthyma grangrenosum-like lesions: a sign of disseminated Fusarium infection in the neutropenic patient. Clin Exp Dermatol. 1995;20:428–30.PubMed Prins C, Chavaz P, Tamm K, Hauser C. Ecthyma grangrenosum-like lesions: a sign of disseminated Fusarium infection in the neutropenic patient. Clin Exp Dermatol. 1995;20:428–30.PubMed
47.
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Ooi SP, Chen TT, Huang TH, Chang HS, Hsieh HY. Granuloma annulare-like skin lesion due to Fusarium roseum: therapy with ketoconazole [letter]. Arch Dermatol. 1987;123:167–8.PubMed Ooi SP, Chen TT, Huang TH, Chang HS, Hsieh HY. Granuloma annulare-like skin lesion due to Fusarium roseum: therapy with ketoconazole [letter]. Arch Dermatol. 1987;123:167–8.PubMed
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Benjamin RP, Callaway L, Conant NF. Facial granuloma associated with Fusarium infection. Arch Dermatol. 1970;101:598–600.PubMed Benjamin RP, Callaway L, Conant NF. Facial granuloma associated with Fusarium infection. Arch Dermatol. 1970;101:598–600.PubMed
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Girardi M, Glusac EJ, Imaeda S. Subcutaneous Fusarium foot abscess in a renal transplant patient. Cutis. 1999;63:267–70.PubMed Girardi M, Glusac EJ, Imaeda S. Subcutaneous Fusarium foot abscess in a renal transplant patient. Cutis. 1999;63:267–70.PubMed
51.
Zurück zum Zitat English MP. Invasion of the skin by filamentous non-dermatophyte fungi. Br J Dermatol. 1968;80:282–6.PubMed English MP. Invasion of the skin by filamentous non-dermatophyte fungi. Br J Dermatol. 1968;80:282–6.PubMed
52.
Zurück zum Zitat Hennequin C, Ranaivoarimalala C, Chouaki T, Tazerout M, Ancelle T, Cabaud JJ, et al. Comparison of aerobic standard medium with specific fungal medium for detecting Fusarium spp in blood cultures. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2002;21:748–50.PubMed Hennequin C, Ranaivoarimalala C, Chouaki T, Tazerout M, Ancelle T, Cabaud JJ, et al. Comparison of aerobic standard medium with specific fungal medium for detecting Fusarium spp in blood cultures. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2002;21:748–50.PubMed
53.
Zurück zum Zitat Bushelman SJ, Callen JP, Roth DN, Cohen LM. Disseminated Fusarium solani infection. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1995;32:346–51.PubMed Bushelman SJ, Callen JP, Roth DN, Cohen LM. Disseminated Fusarium solani infection. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1995;32:346–51.PubMed
54.
Zurück zum Zitat Odabasi Z, Mattiuzzi G, Estey E, Kantarjian H, Saeki F, Ridge RJ, et al. β-D-glucan as a diagnostic adjunct for invasive fungal infections: validation, cutoff development, and performance in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;39:199–205.PubMed Odabasi Z, Mattiuzzi G, Estey E, Kantarjian H, Saeki F, Ridge RJ, et al. β-D-glucan as a diagnostic adjunct for invasive fungal infections: validation, cutoff development, and performance in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;39:199–205.PubMed
55.
Zurück zum Zitat Hue FX, Huerre M, Rouffault MA, de Bievre C. Specific detection of Fusarium species in blood and tissues by a PCR technique. J Clin Microbiol. 1999;37:2434–8.PubMedPubMedCentral Hue FX, Huerre M, Rouffault MA, de Bievre C. Specific detection of Fusarium species in blood and tissues by a PCR technique. J Clin Microbiol. 1999;37:2434–8.PubMedPubMedCentral
56.
Zurück zum Zitat • Cuenca-Estrella M, Gomez-Lopez A, Mellado E, Buitrago MJ, Monzon A, Rodriguez-Tudela JL. Head-to-head comparison of the activities of currently available antifungal agents against 3,378 Spanish clinical isolates of yeasts and filamentous fungi. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2006;50:917–21 Results of susceptibility testing for antifungals including triazoles providing useful clinical data for frequently multidrug-resistant filamentous fungi includingFusarium, Scedosporium, andScopulariopsisamong others.PubMedPubMedCentral • Cuenca-Estrella M, Gomez-Lopez A, Mellado E, Buitrago MJ, Monzon A, Rodriguez-Tudela JL. Head-to-head comparison of the activities of currently available antifungal agents against 3,378 Spanish clinical isolates of yeasts and filamentous fungi. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2006;50:917–21 Results of susceptibility testing for antifungals including triazoles providing useful clinical data for frequently multidrug-resistant filamentous fungi includingFusarium, Scedosporium, andScopulariopsisamong others.PubMedPubMedCentral
57.
Zurück zum Zitat Lortholary O, Obenga G, Biswas P, Caillot D, Chachaty E, Bienvenu AL, et al. International retrospective analysis of 73 cases of invasive fusariosis treated with voriconazole. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2010;54:4446–50.PubMedPubMedCentral Lortholary O, Obenga G, Biswas P, Caillot D, Chachaty E, Bienvenu AL, et al. International retrospective analysis of 73 cases of invasive fusariosis treated with voriconazole. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2010;54:4446–50.PubMedPubMedCentral
58.
Zurück zum Zitat Raad II, Hachem RY, Herbrecht R, Graybill JR, Hare R, Corcoran G, et al. Posaconazole as salvage treatment for invasive fusariosis in patients with underlying hematologic malignancy and other conditions. Clin Infect Dis. 2006;42:1398–403.PubMed Raad II, Hachem RY, Herbrecht R, Graybill JR, Hare R, Corcoran G, et al. Posaconazole as salvage treatment for invasive fusariosis in patients with underlying hematologic malignancy and other conditions. Clin Infect Dis. 2006;42:1398–403.PubMed
59.
Zurück zum Zitat Cornely OA, Ostrosky-Zeichner L, Rahav G, et al. Outcomes in patients with invasive mold disease caused by Fusarium or Scedosporium spp treated with isavuconazole: experience from the VITAL and SECURE trials. (Abstract M-1760). In: Program and abstracts of the 54th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. Washington, DC; 2014. Cornely OA, Ostrosky-Zeichner L, Rahav G, et al. Outcomes in patients with invasive mold disease caused by Fusarium or Scedosporium spp treated with isavuconazole: experience from the VITAL and SECURE trials. (Abstract M-1760). In: Program and abstracts of the 54th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. Washington, DC; 2014.
60.
Zurück zum Zitat Perfect JR. Treatment of non-Aspergillus moulds in immunocompromised patients, with amphotericin B lipid complex. Clin Infect Dis. 2005;40:S401–S8.PubMed Perfect JR. Treatment of non-Aspergillus moulds in immunocompromised patients, with amphotericin B lipid complex. Clin Infect Dis. 2005;40:S401–S8.PubMed
61.
Zurück zum Zitat Córdoba S, Rodero L, Vivot W, Abrantes R, Davel G, Vitale RG. In vitro interactions of antifungal agents against clinical isolates of Fusarium spp. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2008;31:171–4.PubMed Córdoba S, Rodero L, Vivot W, Abrantes R, Davel G, Vitale RG. In vitro interactions of antifungal agents against clinical isolates of Fusarium spp. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2008;31:171–4.PubMed
62.
Zurück zum Zitat Ortoneda M, Capilla J, Javier Pastor F, Pujol I, Guarro J. In vitro interactions of licensed and novel antifungal drugs against Fusarium spp. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2004;48:69–71.PubMed Ortoneda M, Capilla J, Javier Pastor F, Pujol I, Guarro J. In vitro interactions of licensed and novel antifungal drugs against Fusarium spp. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2004;48:69–71.PubMed
63.
Zurück zum Zitat De Hoog GS, Guarro J, Gené J, Figueras MJ. Atlas of clinical fungi. 2nd ed. Baarn: Centraalbureau Voor Schimmelcultures; 2000. p. 794–809. De Hoog GS, Guarro J, Gené J, Figueras MJ. Atlas of clinical fungi. 2nd ed. Baarn: Centraalbureau Voor Schimmelcultures; 2000. p. 794–809.
64.
Zurück zum Zitat • Pastor FJ, Guarro J. Clinical manifestations, treatment, and outcome of Paecilomyces lilacinus infections. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2006;12:948–60 Comprehensive literature review of 119 cases ofPaecilomyces lilanicusincluding clinical presentations and review of treatment for this frequently multidrug resistant fungus.PubMed • Pastor FJ, Guarro J. Clinical manifestations, treatment, and outcome of Paecilomyces lilacinus infections. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2006;12:948–60 Comprehensive literature review of 119 cases ofPaecilomyces lilanicusincluding clinical presentations and review of treatment for this frequently multidrug resistant fungus.PubMed
65.
Zurück zum Zitat Itin PH, Frei R, Lautenschlager S, et al. Cutaneous manifestations of Paecilomyces lilacinus infection induced by a contaminated skin lotion in patients who are severely immunosuppressed. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1998;39:401–9.PubMed Itin PH, Frei R, Lautenschlager S, et al. Cutaneous manifestations of Paecilomyces lilacinus infection induced by a contaminated skin lotion in patients who are severely immunosuppressed. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1998;39:401–9.PubMed
66.
Zurück zum Zitat Jade KB, Lyons MF, Gnann JW. Paecilomyces lilacinus cellulitis in an immunocompromised patient. Arch Dermatol. 1986;122:1169–70.PubMed Jade KB, Lyons MF, Gnann JW. Paecilomyces lilacinus cellulitis in an immunocompromised patient. Arch Dermatol. 1986;122:1169–70.PubMed
67.
Zurück zum Zitat Summerbell R. Ascomycetes, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Sporothrix, Piedraia, and their relatives. In: Howard DH, editor. Pathogenic fungi in humans and animals. 2nd ed. New York: Dekker; 2003. p. 237–498. Summerbell R. Ascomycetes, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Sporothrix, Piedraia, and their relatives. In: Howard DH, editor. Pathogenic fungi in humans and animals. 2nd ed. New York: Dekker; 2003. p. 237–498.
68.
Zurück zum Zitat Liu K, Howell DN, Perfect JR, Schell WA. Morphologic criteria for the preliminary identification of Fusarium, Paecilomyces, and Acremonium species by histopathology. Am J Clin Pathol. 1998;109:45–54.PubMed Liu K, Howell DN, Perfect JR, Schell WA. Morphologic criteria for the preliminary identification of Fusarium, Paecilomyces, and Acremonium species by histopathology. Am J Clin Pathol. 1998;109:45–54.PubMed
69.
Zurück zum Zitat Aguilar C, Pujol I, Sala J, Guarro J. Antifungal susceptibilities of Paecilomyces species. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1998;42:1601–4.PubMedPubMedCentral Aguilar C, Pujol I, Sala J, Guarro J. Antifungal susceptibilities of Paecilomyces species. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1998;42:1601–4.PubMedPubMedCentral
70.
Zurück zum Zitat Espinel-Ingroff A, Chaturvedi V, Fothergill A, Rinaldi MG. Optimal testing conditions for determining MICs and minimum fungicidal concentrations of new and established antifungal agents for uncommon moulds: NCCLS collaborative study. J Clin Microbiol. 2002;40:3776–81.PubMedPubMedCentral Espinel-Ingroff A, Chaturvedi V, Fothergill A, Rinaldi MG. Optimal testing conditions for determining MICs and minimum fungicidal concentrations of new and established antifungal agents for uncommon moulds: NCCLS collaborative study. J Clin Microbiol. 2002;40:3776–81.PubMedPubMedCentral
71.
Zurück zum Zitat Feldman R, Cockerham L, Buchan BW, Lu Z, Huang AM. Treatment of Paecilomyces variotii pneumonia with posaconazole: case report and literature review. Mycoses. 2016;59:746–50.PubMed Feldman R, Cockerham L, Buchan BW, Lu Z, Huang AM. Treatment of Paecilomyces variotii pneumonia with posaconazole: case report and literature review. Mycoses. 2016;59:746–50.PubMed
72.
Zurück zum Zitat Yehia M, Thomas M, Pilmore H, et al. Subcutaneous black fungus (phaeohyphomycosis) infection in renal transplant recipients: three cases. Transplantation. 2004;15:140–2. Yehia M, Thomas M, Pilmore H, et al. Subcutaneous black fungus (phaeohyphomycosis) infection in renal transplant recipients: three cases. Transplantation. 2004;15:140–2.
74.
Zurück zum Zitat Caviedes MP, Torre AC, Eliceche ML, Valdivia Monteros DC, Volonteri VI, Galimberti RL. Cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis. Int J Dermatol. 2017;56:415–20.PubMed Caviedes MP, Torre AC, Eliceche ML, Valdivia Monteros DC, Volonteri VI, Galimberti RL. Cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis. Int J Dermatol. 2017;56:415–20.PubMed
75.
Zurück zum Zitat • McCarty TP, Baddley JW, Walsh TJ, et al. Phaeohyphomycosis in transplant recipients: results from the transplant associated infection surveillance network (TRANSNET). Med Mycol. 2015;53:440–6 Review of 56 clinical cases in literature including both solid organ transplants and hematopoietic cell transplants providing useful information about cutaneous presentations and antifungal treatment used in clinical cases.PubMed • McCarty TP, Baddley JW, Walsh TJ, et al. Phaeohyphomycosis in transplant recipients: results from the transplant associated infection surveillance network (TRANSNET). Med Mycol. 2015;53:440–6 Review of 56 clinical cases in literature including both solid organ transplants and hematopoietic cell transplants providing useful information about cutaneous presentations and antifungal treatment used in clinical cases.PubMed
76.
Zurück zum Zitat Shoham S, Marr KA. Invasive fungal infections in solid organ transplant recipients. Future Microbiol. 2012;7:639–55.PubMedPubMedCentral Shoham S, Marr KA. Invasive fungal infections in solid organ transplant recipients. Future Microbiol. 2012;7:639–55.PubMedPubMedCentral
77.
Zurück zum Zitat Boyce RD, Deziel PJ, Otley CC, Wilhelm MP, Eid AJ, Wengenack NL, et al. Phaeohyphomycosis due to Alternaria species in transplant recipients. Transpl Infect Dis. 2010;12:242–50.PubMed Boyce RD, Deziel PJ, Otley CC, Wilhelm MP, Eid AJ, Wengenack NL, et al. Phaeohyphomycosis due to Alternaria species in transplant recipients. Transpl Infect Dis. 2010;12:242–50.PubMed
78.
Zurück zum Zitat Ben-Ami R, Lewis RE, Raad II, Kontoyiannis DP. Phaeohyphomycosis in a tertiary care cancer center. Clin Infect Dis. 2009;48:1033–41.PubMed Ben-Ami R, Lewis RE, Raad II, Kontoyiannis DP. Phaeohyphomycosis in a tertiary care cancer center. Clin Infect Dis. 2009;48:1033–41.PubMed
79.
Zurück zum Zitat Essabbah N, Gorsane I, Youssef M, Hadhri R, Aloui S, Gorcii M, et al. Cutaneous alternariosis in a renal transplant recipient. Cutis. 2014;93:237–40.PubMed Essabbah N, Gorsane I, Youssef M, Hadhri R, Aloui S, Gorcii M, et al. Cutaneous alternariosis in a renal transplant recipient. Cutis. 2014;93:237–40.PubMed
80.
Zurück zum Zitat Cunhaa D, Amaroa C, Vieiraa MR, et al. Phaeohyphomycosis caused by Alternaria infectoria presenting as multiple vegetating lesions in a renal transplant patient. Rev Iberoam Micol. 2012;29:44–6. Cunhaa D, Amaroa C, Vieiraa MR, et al. Phaeohyphomycosis caused by Alternaria infectoria presenting as multiple vegetating lesions in a renal transplant patient. Rev Iberoam Micol. 2012;29:44–6.
81.
Zurück zum Zitat Rinaldi MG. Phaeohyphomycosis. Dermatol Clin. 1996;14:147–53.PubMed Rinaldi MG. Phaeohyphomycosis. Dermatol Clin. 1996;14:147–53.PubMed
82.
Zurück zum Zitat Cuétara MS, Alhambra A, Moragues MD, et al. Detection of (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan as an adjunct to diagnosis in a mixed population with uncommon proven invasive fungal diseases or with an unusual clinical presentation. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2009;16:423–6.PubMedPubMedCentral Cuétara MS, Alhambra A, Moragues MD, et al. Detection of (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan as an adjunct to diagnosis in a mixed population with uncommon proven invasive fungal diseases or with an unusual clinical presentation. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2009;16:423–6.PubMedPubMedCentral
83.
Zurück zum Zitat Hsu C, Chang S, Lee P, et al. Cutaneous alternariosis in a renal transplant recipient: a case report and literature review. Asian J Surg. 2015;38:47–57.PubMed Hsu C, Chang S, Lee P, et al. Cutaneous alternariosis in a renal transplant recipient: a case report and literature review. Asian J Surg. 2015;38:47–57.PubMed
84.
Zurück zum Zitat Revankar SG, Baddley JW, Chen SC, et al. A mycoses study group international prospective study of phaeohyphomycosis: an analysis of 99 proven/probable cases. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2017;4(4):ofx200.PubMedPubMedCentral Revankar SG, Baddley JW, Chen SC, et al. A mycoses study group international prospective study of phaeohyphomycosis: an analysis of 99 proven/probable cases. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2017;4(4):ofx200.PubMedPubMedCentral
Metadaten
Titel
Emerging Fungal Cutaneous Infections in Immunocompromised Patients
verfasst von
Aditya Chandorkar
Jacques Simkins
Publikationsdatum
09.06.2020
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Current Fungal Infection Reports / Ausgabe 3/2020
Print ISSN: 1936-3761
Elektronische ISSN: 1936-377X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12281-020-00395-2

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 3/2020

Current Fungal Infection Reports 3/2020 Zur Ausgabe

Pediatric Fungal Infections (D Corzo Leon, Section Editor)

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Antifungal Agents in Neonates and Children

Fungal Infections of Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue (A Bonifaz and M Pereira, Section Editors)

Conidiobolomycosis in Pediatric Patients

Fungal Infections in Transplantation (S Shoham, Section Editor)

Cryptococcosis in Liver Transplant Candidates and Recipients

Clinical Pathology (S Challa, Section Editor)

Invasive Phaeohyphomycosis in Immunocompetent Hosts

Fungal Infections of Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue (A Bonifaz and M Pereira, Section Editors)

White Piedra, a Rare Superficial Mycosis: an Update

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag

Reizdarmsyndrom: Diäten wirksamer als Medikamente

29.04.2024 Reizdarmsyndrom Nachrichten

Bei Reizdarmsyndrom scheinen Diäten, wie etwa die FODMAP-arme oder die kohlenhydratreduzierte Ernährung, effektiver als eine medikamentöse Therapie zu sein. Das hat eine Studie aus Schweden ergeben, die die drei Therapieoptionen im direkten Vergleich analysierte.

Notfall-TEP der Hüfte ist auch bei 90-Jährigen machbar

26.04.2024 Hüft-TEP Nachrichten

Ob bei einer Notfalloperation nach Schenkelhalsfraktur eine Hemiarthroplastik oder eine totale Endoprothese (TEP) eingebaut wird, sollte nicht allein vom Alter der Patientinnen und Patienten abhängen. Auch über 90-Jährige können von der TEP profitieren.

Niedriger diastolischer Blutdruck erhöht Risiko für schwere kardiovaskuläre Komplikationen

25.04.2024 Hypotonie Nachrichten

Wenn unter einer medikamentösen Hochdrucktherapie der diastolische Blutdruck in den Keller geht, steigt das Risiko für schwere kardiovaskuläre Ereignisse: Darauf deutet eine Sekundäranalyse der SPRINT-Studie hin.

Bei schweren Reaktionen auf Insektenstiche empfiehlt sich eine spezifische Immuntherapie

Insektenstiche sind bei Erwachsenen die häufigsten Auslöser einer Anaphylaxie. Einen wirksamen Schutz vor schweren anaphylaktischen Reaktionen bietet die allergenspezifische Immuntherapie. Jedoch kommt sie noch viel zu selten zum Einsatz.

Update Innere Medizin

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.