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Erschienen in:
01.10.2014 | Original Article
Energy expenditure of extreme competitive mountaineering skiing
Erschienen in: European Journal of Applied Physiology | Ausgabe 10/2014
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Purpose
Multi-hour ski mountaineering energy balance may be negative and intake below recommendations.
Methods
Athletes on the ‘Patrouille des Glaciers’ racecourses (17 on course Z, 27 km, +2,113 m; 11 on course A, 26 km, +1,881 m) volunteered. Pre-race measurements included body mass, stature, VO2max, and heart rate (HR) vs VO2 at simulated altitude; race measurements HR, altitude, incline, location, and food and drink intake (A). Energy expenditure (EE) was calculated from altitude corrected HR derived VO2.
Results
Race time was 5 h 7 min ± 44 min (mean ± SD, Z) and 5 h 51 min ± 53 min (A). Subjects spent 19.2 ± 3.2 MJ (Z), respectively, 22.6 ± 2.9 MJ (A) during the race. Energy deficit was −15.5 ± 3.9 MJ (A); intake covered 20 ± 7 % (A). Overall energy cost of locomotion (EC) was 9.9 ± 1.3 J m−1 kg−1 (Z), 8.0 ± 1.0 J m−1 kg−1 (A). Uphill EC was 11.7 ± 1 J m−1 kg−1 (Z, 13 % slope) and 15.7 ± 2.3 J m−1 kg−1 (A, 19 % slope). Race A subjects lost −1.5 ± 1.1 kg, indicating near euhydration. Age, body mass, gear mass, VO2max and EC were significantly correlated with performance; energy deficit was not.
Conclusions
Energy expenditure and energy deficit of a multi-hour ski mountaineering race are very high and energy intake is below recommendations.