Introduction
Materials and methods
Study design and population
Clinical and laboratory measurements
Statistical analysis
Results
Overall (N = 68) Median (IQR) | with CVD (N = 46) Median (IQR) | without CVD (N = 22) Median (IQR) | p value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 65 (36–83) | 66 (38–84) | 65 (34–83) | NS |
Male: female (N) | 48: 20 | 34: 12 | 14: 8 | NS |
Duration of hemodialysis (years) | 11.2 (4.97–30.6) | 11.1 (4.9–31.6) | 12.4 (5.0–27.2) | NS |
Primary disease of hemodialysis | ||||
Diabetes mellitus | 21 (30.8%) | 15 (32.6%) | 6 (27.3%) | |
Chronic glomerulonephritis | 32 (47.1%) | 22 (47.8%) | 10 (45.5%) | |
Nephrosclerosis | 6 (8.8%) | 5 (10.8%) | 1 (4.5%) | |
Medications | ||||
Angiotensin receptor antagonist | 35 (51.5%) | 26 (56.5%) | 8 (36.3%) | |
Calcium antagonist | 25 (36.7%) | 16 (34.7%) | 9 (40.8%) | |
Beta-blocker | 12 (17.6%) | 10 (21.7%) | 2 (9.1%) | |
Statin | 4 (5.8%) | 3 (6.5%) | 1 (4.5%) | |
Uric acid synthesis inhibitor | 3 (13.6%) | 0 | 3 (13.6%) | |
Potassium absorptive agent | 15 (22.1%) | 10 (21.7%) | 5 (22.7%) | |
Vitamin D | 20 (29.4%) | 13 (28.2%) | 7 (31.8%) | |
Calcium carbonate | 61 (89.7%) | 41 (89.1%) | 20 (90.9%) | |
Lanthanum | 12 (17.6%) | 6 (13.0%) | 6 (27.3%) | |
Sevelamer | 26 (38.2%) | 18 (39.1%) | 8 (36.3%) | |
Cinacalcet | 21 (30.8%) | 12 (26.1%) | 9 (40.9%) | |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 146 (99–185) | 144 (77–188) | 146 (125–184) | NS |
Ultrafiltration rate (l/h) | 0.675 (0.26–1.44) | 0.67 (0.23–1.14) | 0.71 (0.4–1.75) | NS |
lgFGF23 | 2.14 (–0.43 to 4.23) | 2.01 (–0.52 to 4.12) | 2.59 (0.07 to 4.32) | NS |
TAC-urea (mg/dl) | 45.5 (25.6–66.3) | 45.1 (23.8–59.6) | 48.2 (34.1–68.2) | 0.01 |
C-reactive protein (mg/dl) | 0.12 (0.02–3.70) | 0.12 (0.02–4.28) | 0.11 (0.02–1.02) | NS |
Alkaline phosphate (mg/dl) | 236 (130–552) | 236 (120–676) | 236 (156–456) | NS |
Corrected serum calcium (mg/dl) | 9.2 (6.8–10.1) | 9.2 (6.3–10.7) | 9.1 (7.8–10.2) | NS |
Serum phosphate (mg/dl) | 5.8 (2.8–9.2) | 5.4 (2.6–8.8) | 6.0 (4.5–9.3) | 0.03 |
Intact parathyroid hormone (pg/dl) | 179 (13–828) | 176 (7–997) | 233 (18–592) | NS |
IVST (mm) | 11 (7–17) | 11 (7–17) | 10 (8–16) | NS |
LVMI (g/m2) | 106 (65–193) | 111 (60–212) | 98 (68–178) | NS |
Ejection fraction (%) | 65 (31–84) | 64 (26–86) | 66 (48–81) | NS |
Univariate analysis, r | p value | Multiple regression analysis, F | p value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | – 0.12 | < 0.01 | ||
Male: female (N) | – 0.03 | 0.41 | ||
Duration of hemodialysis (years) | – 0.11 | < 0.01 | ||
TAC-urea (mg/dl) | 0.29 | 0.01 | 0.08 | 0.78 |
Ultrafiltration rate (l/h) | 0.26 | 0.04 | 3.94 | 0.05 |
Blood pressure (mmHg) | 0.17 | 0.17 | ||
C-reactive protein (mg/dl) | – 0.04 | 0.72 | ||
Alkaline phosphate (mg/dl) | – 0.27 | 0.03 | 5.34 | 0.03 |
Corrected serum calcium (mg/dl) | 0.32 | < 0.01 | 25.6 | < 0.001 |
Serum phosphate (mg/dl) | 0.57 | < 0.01 | 22.5 | < 0.001 |
Intact parathyroid hormone (pg/dl) | 0.38 | < 0.01 | 19.2 | < 0.001 |
IVST (mm) | 0.30 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.83 |
LVMI (g/m2) | 0.26 | 0.04 | 1.13 | 0.29 |
Ejection fraction (%) | 0.05 | 0.86 |
With CVD | Without CVD | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
R | p value | r | p value | |
Age (years) | 0.01 | 0.94 | – 0.24 | 0.27 |
Duration of hemodialysis (years) | – 0.16 | 0.29 | 0.02 | 0.91 |
TAC-urea | 0.45 | < 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.77 |
Ultrafiltration rate (l/h) | 0.22 | 0.14 | 0.28 | 0.24 |
Blood pressure (mmHg) | 0.11 | 0.47 | 0.28 | 0.21 |
C-reactive protein (mg/dl) | – 0.06 | 0.71 | 0.26 | 0.70 |
Alkaline phosphate (mg/dl) | – 0.25 | 0.10 | – 0.33 | 0.13 |
Corrected serum calcium (mg/dl) | 0.34 | 0.02 | 0.29 | 0.20 |
Serum phosphate (mg/dl) | 0.41 | < 0.01 | 0.43 | 0.06 |
Intact parathyroid hormone (pg/dl) | 0.39 | 0.01 | 0.38 | 0.10 |
IVST (mm) | 0.24 | 0.12 | 0.53 | 0.04 |
LVMI (g/m2) | 0.21 | 0.16 | 0.39 | 0.08 |