Background
Measuring TC treatment process
Fixed and dynamic predictors of TC treatment process
Aims of this study
Methods
Participants
Characteristics | n | (%) |
---|---|---|
Gender
| ||
Male | 132 | (84) |
Female | 25 | (16) |
Race/ethnicity
| ||
Caucasian | 148 | (97) |
Other | 9 | (3) |
Marital status
| ||
Single | 141 | (90) |
Married | 5 | (3) |
Divorced | 11 | (7) |
Education level (n = 155)
| ||
Primary to lower secondary Education | 25 | (16) |
Vocational certification | 90 | (57) |
Secondary to higher Education | 42 | (27) |
Primary drug problem
| ||
Amphetamine | 34 | (22) |
Cocaine | 29 | (19) |
Heroin | 61 | (39) |
Marijuana | 15 | (10) |
Other | 18 | (11) |
Legal reference
| ||
Yes | 64 | (41) |
No | 93 | (59) |
Prior drug treatment
| ||
Yes | 137 | (86) |
No | 20 | (13) |
A drug/alcohol abusing parent
| ||
Yes | 75 | (48) |
No | 81 | (52) |
Procedure
Instruments
Data-analysis
Results
Study sample characteristics
Characteristics | M | SD |
---|---|---|
Age
| 27 | (5.05) |
EuropASI composite scores*
| ||
Medical disorder | 0.25 | (0.28) |
Employment problems | 0.88 | (0.28) |
Alcohol problems | 0.26 | (0.32) |
Drugs problems | 0.27 | (0.14) |
Legal problems | 0.34 | (0.26) |
Family relationships | 0.28 | (0.25) |
Social relationships | 0.21 | (0.20) |
Psychiatric disturbances | 0.33 | (0.22) |
Personality traits (ADP-IV)
| ||
Cluster A | 71.66 | (20.80) |
Cluster B | 117.78 | (27.85) |
Cluster C | 74.49 | (20,34) |
Psychological distress (BSI)
| 0.92 | (0.53) |
CMRS
| ||
Circumstances | 3.96 | (0.58) |
Motivation | 4.03 | (0.48) |
Readiness | 4.31 | (0.49) |
Suitability | 4.17 | (0.42) |
Perceptions of the treatment process
DCI | M | (SD) |
---|---|---|
Community Environment (CE)
|
3.80
|
(0.48)
|
Community responsibility (CR) | 4.09 | (0.66) |
Clarity and Safety (CS) | 4.00 | (0.59) |
Group Process (GP) | 3.55 | (0.63) |
Resident Support, Sharing and Enthusiasm (RS) | 3.82 | (0.56) |
Personal Development and Change (PDC)
|
2.98
|
(0.44)
|
Introspection and Self-Management (IS) | 3.29 | (0.65) |
Positive self-attitude and commitment to abstinence (PS) | 3.61 | (0.66) |
Problem recognition (PR) | 2.84 | (0.85) |
Social Network (SN) | 3.55 | (0.97) |
Community Environment: Bivariate analyses
CE | CR | CS | GP | RS | PDC | IS | PS | PR | SN | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Age
| 0.09 | 0.37 | −0.01 | 0.23* | −0.00 | - | - | - | - | - |
2. Odd and eccentric
| −0.22* | −0.06 | −0.12 | −0.24* | −0.21* | −0.22* | −0.33* | −0.37* | −0.29* | −0.18 |
3. Dramatic, emotional or erratic
| −0.29* | −0.23* | −0.26* | −0.23* | −0.26* | −0.21* | −0.45* | −0.39* | 0.38* | −0.12 |
4. Anxious and fearful
| - | - | - | - | - | −0.20 | −0.30* | −0.39* | 0.20 | −0.07 |
5. Psychological distress
| −0.33* | −0.22* | −0.26* | −0.32* | −0.20 | −0.18 | −0.32* | −0.47* | 0.35* | −0.08 |
6. Motivation
| 0.31* | 0.25* | 0.24* | 0.24* | 0.29* | 0.20 | 0.07 | 0.14 | 0.22* | 0.08 |
7. Readiness
| 0.42* | 0.33* | 0.33* | 0.32* | 0.34* | 0.29* | 0.20 | 0.28* | 0.12 | 0.16 |
8. Suitability
| 0.56* | 0.42* | 0.43* | 0.41* | 0.45* | 0.33* | 0.29* | 0.32* | 0.18 | 0.07 |
Community Environment: Multivariate analyses
Community environment | Personal development & change | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fixed variables |
B
|
SE B
| β |
B
|
SE B
| β |
Age | −0.01 | 0.01 | -.07 | - | - | - |
Heroin use | 0.06 | 0.06 | .06 | −0.12 | 0.07 | -.13 |
Cocaine use | - | - | - | 0.20 | 0.09 |
.18*
|
Judicial referral | - | - | - | 0.25 | 0.07 |
.28**
|
Parent with alcohol/drug problems | 0.17 | 0.06 |
.17**
| - | - | - |
Odd and eccentric (Cluster A) | 0.00 | 0.00 | .04 | −0.01 | 0.00 | -.07 |
Dramatic, emotional and erratic (cluster B) | −0.00 | 0.00 |
-.21*
| −0.01 | 0.00 | -.06 |
Anxious or fearfull (cluster C) | - | - | - | −0.00 | 0.00 | .12 |
Dynamic variables
| ||||||
Psychological distress | −0.46 | 0.14 |
-.28**
| −0.03 | 0.11 | -.02 |
Motivation | 0.15 | 0.09 | .15 | 0.15 | 0.09 | .16 |
Readiness | −0.10 | 0.10 | -.10 | 0.04 | 0.16 | .03 |
Suitability | 0.59 | 0.11 |
.53**
| 0.22 | 0.12 | .21 |