Introduction
Methods
Study design
CMR analyses
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | Maximum Score | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Wrap around | No | 1 slice | 2 slices | ≥3 slices | 3 |
2. Respiratory ghost | No | 1 slice | 2 slices | ≥3 slices | |
3. Cardiac ghost | No | 1 slice | 2 slices | ≥3 slices | |
4. Image blurring / mis-triggering | No | 1 slice | 2 slices | ≥3 slices | |
5. Metallic artefacts | No | 1 slice | 2 slices | ≥3 slices | |
6. Orientation of stack | Correct | – | Incorrect | – | 2 |
Statistics
Results
Study population
Parameter | Study population | ||
---|---|---|---|
Gender (f/m) | 118/182 | ||
Age | 52 (30, 71) | ||
BSA | 1.92 (1.72, 2.05) | ||
Automated | Manual | p | |
LV Mass, g/m2 | 59.8 (48.8, 74.1) | 58.0 (46.0, 73.0) |
< 0.001
|
LV EDV, ml/m2 | 88.5 (77.4, 105.8) | 83.0 (71.0, 100.0) |
< 0.001
|
LV ESV, ml/m2 | 37.7 (29.4, 51.1) | 33.0 (25.0, 47.0) |
< 0.001
|
LV SV, ml/m2 | 48.8 (41.2, 55.8) | 48.0 (40.0, 56.0) | 0.133 |
LV EF | 58.0 (48.0, 63.0) | 60.0 (51.0, 66.0) |
< 0.001
|
RV EDV, ml/m2 | 87.0 (71.1, 107.4) | 79.0 (65.0, 97.0) |
< 0.001
|
RV ESV, ml/m2 | 38.4 (26.9, 48.0) | 39.0 (28.0, 51.0) | 0.125 |
RV SV, ml/m2 | 47.8 (40.3, 55.9) | 40.5 (32.0, 48.0) |
< 0.001
|
RV EF | 56.0 (50.0, 63.0) | 51.0 (44.0, 58.0) |
< 0.001
|
Number of patients | |
---|---|
Ischemic Heart Disease | 100 |
Coronary Heart Disease | 97 |
Acute Myocardial Infarction | 3 |
Myocardial disease | 120 |
Myocarditis | 64 |
Arrhythmogenic RV Cardiomyopathy | 19 |
Dilated Cardiomyopathy | 14 |
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy | 11 |
Sarcoidosis | 7 |
Iron Overload Cardiomyopathy | 3 |
Non-Compaction Cardiomyopathy | 1 |
Anderson Fabry Disease | 1 |
Congenital Heart Disease | 70 |
Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot | 47 |
Aortic Coarctation | 12 |
Atrial Septal Defect | 6 |
Aortic Dilatation in Bicuspid Aortic Valve | 5 |
Others | 10 |
Cardiac Mass | 5 |
Rheumatic Disease | 2 |
Pericarditis Constrictiva | 1 |
Pericardial Effusion | 1 |
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension | 1 |
Image quality and post-processing
Agreement of manual and automated analyses
Parameter | Mean Difference (SD of the Diff.) | ICC (95% CI) | CoV (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
All | LV Mass | 2.4 (9.3) | 0.95 (0.94–0.97) | 14.6 |
(n = 300) | LV EDV | 5.0 (7.9) | 0.98 (0.94–0.99) | 8.5 |
LV ESV | 4.4 (11.1) | 0.96 (0.94–0.97) | 25.0 | |
LV SV | 0.3 (7.3) | 0.91 (0.89–0.93) | 15.1 | |
LV EF | −2.5 (5.9) | 0.95 (0.92–0.97) | 10.6 | |
RV EDV | 7.4 (12.0) | 0.92 (0.81–0.96) | 14.0 | |
RV ESV | −1.6 (9.8) | 0.92 (0.89–0.93) | 24.0 | |
RV SV | 9.0 (10.6) | 0.73 (0.26–0.87) | 23.5 | |
RV EF | 5.8 (9.6) | 0.72 (0.47–0.83) | 17.8 | |
1.5 T | LV Mass | 4.0 (7.2) | 0.96 (0.91–0.98) | 11.7 |
(n = 132) | LV EDV | 4.4 (8.4) | 0.98 (0.96–0.99) | 8.8 |
LV ESV | 2.9 (6.1) | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 12.2 | |
LV SV | 1.1 (6.4) | 0.95 (0.92–0.96) | 13.7 | |
LV EF | −1.5 (4.9) | 0.97 (0.96–0.98) | 9.3 | |
RV EDV | 10.6 (9.6) | 0.90 (0.33–0.97) | 11.7 | |
RV ESV | 2.1 (8.0) | 0.94 (0.91–0.96) | 20.5 | |
RV SV | 8.5 (8.8) | 0.72 (0.11–0.88) | 20.6 | |
RV EF | 3.9 (8.8) | 0.77 (0.62–0.86) | 16.5 | |
3 T | LV Mass | 0.1 (9.7) | 0.97 (0.95–0.98) | 13.2 |
(n = 90) | LV EDV | 5.5 (7.3) | 0.98 (0.91–0.99) | 7.8 |
LV ESV | 6.9 (17.7) | 0.88 (0.79–0.92) | 40.5 | |
LV SV | −1.4 (8.5) | 0.84 (0.75–0.89) | 17.1 | |
LV EF | −3.8 (6.9) | 0.92 (0.83–0.96) | 12.3 | |
RV EDV | 5.8 (12.2) | 0.89 (0.79–0.94) | 15.0 | |
RV ESV | −0.7 (7.9) | 0.94 (0.92–0.96) | 20.7 | |
RV SV | 6.2 (11.0) | 0.64 (0.35–0.79) | 25.3 | |
RV EF | 4.1 (8.4) | 0.83 (0.68–0.90) | 15.3 | |
Aortic Valve replacement | LV Mass | 1.3 (11.5) | 0.89 (0.76–0.94) | 16.7 |
(n = 31) | LV EDV | 5.0 (7.7) | 0.97 (0.91–0.99) | 8.7 |
LV ESV | 5.5 (5.6) | 0.97 (0.76–0.99) | 14.8 | |
LV SV | −0.4 (7.6) | 0.93 (0.85–0.96) | 15.2 | |
LV EF | −4.4 (6.4) | 0.92 (0.73–0.97) | 10.8 | |
RV EDV | 6.0 (13.9) | 0.90 (0.78–0.95) | 16.6 | |
RV ESV | −6.9 (10.6) | 0.86 (0.60–0.94) | 28.9 | |
RV SV | 12.8 (15.0) | 0.54 (0.00–0.79) | 31.6 | |
RV EF | 10.3 (13.7) | 0.54 (0.00–0.79) | 23.7 | |
Tetralogy of Fallot | LV Mass | 2.9 (11.3) | 0.75 (0.55–0.86) | 23.0 |
(n = 47) | LV EDV | 5.6 (7.8) | 0.91 (0.69–0.96) | 9.4 |
LV ESV | 3.1 (6.4) | 0.83 (0.66–0.91) | 18.7 | |
LV SV | 1.9 (6.5) | 0.87 (0.76–0.93) | 13.1 | |
LV EF | −1.5 (5.3) | 0.73 (0.52–0.85) | 8.9 | |
RV EDV | 2.6 (14.3) | 0.94 (0.90–0.97) | 13.5 | |
RV ESV | − 10.1 (10.5) | 0.82 (0.25–0.93) | 20.2 | |
RV SV | 13.0 (9.4) | 0.81 (0.00–0.94) | 17.4 | |
RV EF | 11.3 (7.5) | 0.41 (0.00–0.73) | 14.8 |
Parameter | Mean Difference (SD of the Diff.) | ICC (95% CI) | CoV (%) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Good image quality (Score ≤ 1) | LV (n = 187) | LV Mass | 3.0 (7.9) | 0.96 (0.94–0.98) | 12.8 |
LV EDV | 3.4 (6.2) | 0.99 (0.97–0.99) | 6.5 | ||
LV ESV | 1.7 (4.1) | 0.99 (0.99–1.00) | 9.0 | ||
LV SV | 1.5 (5.2) | 0.95 (0.93–0.96) | 10.5 | ||
LV EF | −0.6 (3.5) | 0.98 (0.98–0.99) | 6.2 | ||
RV (n = 188) | RV EDV | 7.8 (10.5) | 0.93 (0.75–0.97) | 12.2 | |
RV ESV | 1.0 (6.9) | 0.96 (0.95–0.97) | 16.9 | ||
RV SV | 6.7 (8.5) | 0.79 (0.40–0.90) | 18.9 | ||
RV EF | 3.0 (6.1) | 0.88 (0.78–0.93) | 11.5 | ||
Reduced image quality (Score ≥ 2) | LV (n = 113) | LV Mass | 1.3 (11.2) | 0.94 (0.91–0.96) | 16.7 |
LV EDV | 7.5 (9.7) | 0.95 (0.82–0.98) | 10.8 | ||
LV ESV | 8.9 (16.3) | 0.87 (0.74–0.93) | 37.9 | ||
LV SV | −1.6 (9.6) | 0.86 (0.80–0.90) | 20.5 | ||
LV EF | −5.6 (7.5) | 0.90 (0.67–0.96) | 13.8 | ||
RV (n = 112) | RV EDV | 6.7 (14.3) | 0.91 (0.83–0.95) | 16.8 | |
RV ESV | −5.9 (12.1) | 0.84 (0.70–0.90) | 30.2 | ||
RV SV | 12.7 (12.6) | 0.67 (0.02–0.86) | 27.9 | ||
RV EF | 10.6 (12.1) | 0.56 (0.03–0.77) | 22.5 |
Reproducibility
Parameter | Mean Difference (SD of the Diff.) | ICC (95% CI) | CoV (%) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Manual | Intra-observer | LV Mass | −0.3 (3.4) | 0.99 (0.97–1.00) | 5.3 |
LV EDV | −3.3 (3.4) | 0.99 (0.91–1.00) | 4.0 | ||
LV ESV | −2.6 (3.0) | 0.99 (0.95–1.00) | 8.4 | ||
LV SV | −0.6 (3.9) | 0.97 (0.93–0.99) | 8.0 | ||
LV EF | 1.7 (3.7) | 0.98 (0.94–0.99) | 6.3 | ||
RV EDV | −1.5 (6.7) | 0.96 (0.90–0.98) | 9.6 | ||
RV ESV | 1.8 (4.3) | 0.95 (0.87–0.98) | 14.2 | ||
RV SV | −3.5 (6.3) | 0.81 (0.49–0.93) | 15.6 | ||
RV EF | −2.9 (5.1) | 0.82 (0.49–0.93) | 8.9 | ||
Inter-observer | LV Mass | −0.7 (3.3) | 0.99 (0.97–1.00) | 5.6 | |
LV EDV | −5.6 (5.8) | 0.97 (0.74–0.99) | 6.7 | ||
LV ESV | −6.3 (4.8) | 0.97 (0.46–0.99) | 12.5 | ||
LV SV | 0.8 (3.7) | 0.97 (0.93–0.99) | 7.7 | ||
LV EF | 5.2 (57.9) | 0.94 (0.44–0.98) | 8.0 | ||
RV EDV | −15.5 (7.8) | 0.82 (0.00–0.96) | 10.0 | ||
RV ESV | −7.3 (5.7) | 0.84 (0.00–0.96) | 16.4 | ||
RV SV | −8.1 (6.9) | 0.75 (0.00–0.93) | 16.2 | ||
RV EF | 1.3 (7.2) | 0.62 (0.04–0.85) | 12.9 | ||
Automatic | Intra-observer | LV Mass | 0.0 (0.0) | 1.00 | 0.0 |
LV EDV | 0.0 (0.0) | 1.00 | 0.0 | ||
LV ESV | 0.0 (0.0) | 1.00 | 0.0 | ||
LV SV | 0.0 (0.0) | 1.00 | 0.0 | ||
LV EF | 0.0 (0.0) | 1.00 | 0.0 | ||
RV EDV | 0.0 (0.0) | 1.00 | 0.0 | ||
RV ESV | 0.0 (0.0) | 1.00 | 0.0 | ||
RV SV | 0.0 (0.0) | 1.00 | 0.0 | ||
RV EF | 0.0 (0.0) | 1.00 | 0.0 | ||
Inter-observer | LV Mass | 0.0 (0.0) | 1.00 | 0.0 | |
LV EDV | 0.0 (0.0) | 1.00 | 0.0 | ||
LV ESV | 0.0 (0.0) | 1.00 | 0.0 | ||
LV SV | 0.0 (0.0) | 1.00 | 0.0 | ||
LV EF | 0.0 (0.0) | 1.00 | 0.0 | ||
RV EDV | 0.0 (0.0) | 1.00 | 0.0 | ||
RV ESV | 0.0 (0.0) | 1.00 | 0.0 | ||
RV SV | 0.0 (0.0) | 1.00 | 0.0 | ||
RV EF | 0.0 (0.0) | 1.00 | 0.0 |