Background
Methods
Patients
Immunohistochemistry
Immunohistochemical evaluation
Statistical analysis
Results
Patient characteristics
Variable | All cases | Peritumoral MCs | p value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Low | High | |||
Number of patients | 135 | 62 | 73 | |
Age, years | 63.4 ± 10.0 | 63.4 ± 10.1 | 63.5 ± 10.0 | 0.99 |
Sex [n (%)] | 0.60 | |||
Male | 84 (62.2) | 37 (59.7) | 47 (64.4) | |
Female | 51 (37.8) | 25 (40.3) | 26 (35.6) | |
Location of primary tumor [n (%)] | 0.90 | |||
Colon | 89 (65.9) | 41 (66.1) | 48 (65.8) | |
Rectum | 46 (34.1) | 21 (33.9) | 25 (34.2) | |
Primary lymph node metastases [n (%)] | 0.58 | |||
Negative | 44 (32.6) | 22 (35.5) | 22 (30.1) | |
Positive | 91 (67.4) | 40 (64.5) | 51 (69.9) | |
Timing [n (%)] | 0.06 | |||
Synchronous | 78 (57.8) | 30 (48.4) | 48 (65.8) | |
Metachronous | 57 (42.2) | 32 (51.6) | 25 (34.2) | |
Distribution [n (%)] | 0.16 | |||
Uniloblar | 56 (41.5) | 30 (48.4) | 26 (35.6) | |
Biloblar | 79 (58.5) | 32 (51.6) | 47 (64.4) | |
Tumor number | 5.7 ± 6.1 | 4.8 ± 5.6 | 6.4 ± 6.4 | 0.13 |
Maximum tumor size, mm | 39.2 ± 24.6 | 38.3 ± 23.2 | 39.9 ± 25.8 | 0.70 |
Extrahepatic metastases [n (%)] | 0.11 | |||
Present | 33 (24.4) | 11 (17.7) | 22 (30.1) | |
Absent | 102 (75.6) | 51 (82.3) | 51 (69.9) | |
Preoperative chemotherapy [n (%)] | 0.30 | |||
Yes | 70 (51.9) | 29 (47.5) | 41 (56.9) | |
No | 65 (48.1) | 32 (52.5) | 31 (43.1) | |
Prehepatectomy CRP, mg/L | 0.6 ± 1.3 | 0.7 ± 1.5 | 0.6 ± 1.2 | 0.62 |
Prehepatectomy Alb, g/dL | 4.0 ± 0.4 | 4.0 ± 0.4 | 4.0 ± 0.5 | 0.53 |
Prehepatectomy CEA, ng/mL | 201.1 ± 607.1 | 111.2 ± 341 | 277 ± 758.0 | 0.10 |
Peritumoral MCs | 42.2 ± 36.8 | 11.2 ± 5.2 | 68.4 ± 31.1 | <0.01 |
Normal liver areal MCs | 13.6 ± 9.9 | 11.4 ± 8.6 | 15.5 ± 10.6 | 0.02 |
Peritumoral Mφs | 113.2 ± 105.1 | 93.4 ± 99.1 | 130.0 ± 107.7 | 0.04 |
Peritumoral mature DCs | 7.6 ± 8.7 | 8.2 ± 6.9 | 7.1 ± 10.0 | 0.43 |
Micro vessel density | 39.6 ± 24.9 | 32.0 ± 16.6 | 46.0 ± 28.9 | <0.01 |
Tumor-infiltrating immune cells and clinicopathological features
Number of TIMs and survival or recurrence
Prognostic factors
Variable | Univariate | Multivariate | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
p value | Hazard ratio | 95 % CI | p value | Hazard ratio | 95 % CI | |
Age, ≧70 years | 0.39 | 0.7 | 0.3–1.6 | |||
Sex, male | 0.02 | 0.4 | 0.2–0.9 | - | - | - |
Timing of hepatectomy, synchronous | 0.03 | 2.4 | 1.0–5.0 | - | - | - |
Distributution, biloblar | <0.01 | 3.4 | 1.5–7.5 | - | - | - |
Number of tumors, ≧4 | <0.01 | 4.2 | 1.9–9.4 | - | - | - |
Diameter of tumors, ≧3 | 0.28 | 1.5 | 0.7–3.1 | |||
Primary site, rectum | 0.22 | 1.6 | 0.8–3.4 | |||
Primary lymph node metastases, yes | 0.91 | 1.0 | 0.5–2.3 | |||
Extrahepatic disease, yes | <0.01 | 4.5 | 1.9–11 | - | - | - |
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy, yes | <0.01 | 3.9 | 1.7–8.5 | - | - | - |
CRP, ≧2 mg/L | 0.2 | 2.3 | 0.6–7.9 | |||
Alb, <3.5 g/dL | <0.01 | 6.4 | 1.6–25 | <0.01 | 14.5 | 2.2–92 |
Lymphocytes, <1000 | 0.55 | 1.3 | 0.6–2.9 | |||
Neutrophils, ≧6000 | 0.27 | 2.8 | 0.5–17 | |||
CEA, ≧100 ng/mL | <0.01 | 3.3 | 1.4–8.0 | - | - | - |
Peritumoral MCs, high | <0.01 | 8.6 | 3.6–20 | <0.01 | 17.3 | 4.8–62 |
Peritumoral Mφs, high | 0.13 | 2.0 | 0.8–5.0 | |||
Peritumoral mature DCs, high | 0.34 | 1.7 | 0.6–5.3 |