Background
Methods
Study population
Evaluation of clinicopathological factors
Treatment and follow-up
Statistical analysis
Results
Retrospective study selection process
Category | N (%) | Preoperative monocyte (109/L) | Postoperative monocyte (109/L) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
< 0.375 | ≥0.375 | < 0.845 | ≥0.845 | ||
Gender | |||||
Male | 278(64.2%) | 122 | 156 | 155 | 123 |
Female | 155(35.8%) | 128 | 27 | 116 | 39 |
Age | 433(100%) | 61.08 ± 9.74 | 59.9 ± 10.47 | 60.2 ± 10.05 | 61.21 ± 10.08 |
Smoking history | |||||
Yes | 258(59.7%) | 115 | 143 | 148 | 110 |
No | 174(40.3%) | 135 | 39 | 123 | 51 |
Location | |||||
Left superior | 128(29.6%) | 74 | 54 | 80 | 48 |
Left inferior | 62(14.3) | 39 | 23 | 40 | 22 |
Right superior | 128(29.6%) | 79 | 49 | 80 | 48 |
Right middle | 44(10.2) | 24 | 20 | 24 | 20 |
Right inferior | 71(16.4%) | 34 | 37 | 47 | 24 |
Procedure | |||||
VATS | 221(51%) | 139 | 82 | 148 | 73 |
Thoracotomy | 212(49%) | 111 | 101 | 123 | 89 |
T stage | |||||
T1 | 84(19.4%) | 58 | 26 | 50 | 34 |
T2 | 279(64.4%) | 161 | 118 | 178 | 101 |
T3 | 55(12.7%) | 26 | 29 | 31 | 24 |
T4 | 15(3.5%) | 5 | 10 | 12 | 3 |
N stage | |||||
N0 | 268(62.0%) | 158 | 110 | 184 | 84 |
N1 | 71(16.4%) | 35 | 36 | 42 | 29 |
N2 | 93(21.5%) | 56 | 37 | 45 | 48 |
Stage | |||||
I | 205(47.3%) | 126 | 79 | 139 | 66 |
II | 107(24.7%) | 59 | 48 | 68 | 39 |
IIIA | 121(27.9%) | 65 | 56 | 64 | 57 |
Histological type | |||||
Adenocarcinoma | 259(59.8%) | 181 | 78 | 168 | 91 |
Squamous carcinoma | 174(40.2%) | 69 | 105 | 103 | 71 |
Differentiation | |||||
Well | 11(2.6%) | 8 | 3 | 9 | 2 |
Moderate | 261(61.7%) | 155 | 106 | 159 | 102 |
Poor | 151(35.7%) | 80 | 71 | 98 | 53 |
Cut-off selection for monocyte counts and survival rate calculation
Preoperative group OS and DFS
Early postoperative group OS and DFS
Univariate analysis
Category | Variables | Disease-free survival | Overall survival | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
HR (95% CI) |
P
a
| HR (95% CI) |
P
a
| ||
Gender | Male | Reference | Reference | ||
Female | 0.963(0.716–1.295) | 0.801 | 0.841(0.581–1.216) | 0.358 | |
Age | Per year | 1.008(0.993–1.022) | 0.311 | 1.023(1.004–1.042) |
0.017
|
Smoking history | Yes | Reference | Reference | ||
No | 1.009(0.756–1.348) | 0.950 | 0.838(0.585–1.202) | 0.337 | |
Location | Left superior | Reference | Reference | ||
Left inferior | 0.989(0.634–1.545) | 0.962 | 1.492(0.870–2.560) | 0.146 | |
Right superior | 0.875(0.604–1.267) | 0.479 | 1.205(0.758–1.916) | 0.431 | |
Right middle | 1.263(0.785–2.031) | 0.335 | 1.486(0.817–2.700) | 0.194 | |
Right inferior | 0.655(0.410–1.047) | 0.077 | 0.899(0.506–1.596) | 0.715 | |
Procedure | VATS | Reference | Reference | ||
Thoracotomy | 1.455(1.093–1.937) |
0.010
| 1.760(1.236–2.505) |
0.002
| |
T stage | T1 | Reference | Reference | ||
T2 | 1.219(0.833–1.783) | 0.309 | 1.268(0.775–2.072) | 0.344 | |
T3 | 1.559(0.945–2.573) | 0.082 | 2.453(1.361–4.421) |
0.003
| |
T4 | 1.376(0.609–3.111) | 0.443 | 1.602(0.601–4.271) | 0.346 | |
N stage | N0 | Reference | Reference | ||
N1 | 2.467(1.695–3.592) |
< 0.001
| 2.869(1.833–4.491) |
< 0.001
| |
N2 | 3.349(2.414–4.647) |
< 0.001
| 3.442(2.306–5.139) |
< 0.001
| |
Stage | I | Reference | Reference | ||
II | 1.847(1.273–2.679) |
0.001
| 2.342(1.460–3.757) |
< 0.001
| |
IIIA | 3.163(2.260–4.428) |
< 0.001
| 4.078(2.658–6.258) |
< 0.001
| |
Histological type | Squamous carcinoma | Reference | Reference | ||
Adenocarcinoma | 2.994(1.418–6.113) |
0.014
| 1.465(0.712–3.018) | 0.300 | |
Differentiation | Well | Reference | Reference | ||
Moderate | 6.446(0.899–46.191) | 0.064 | 3.869(0.538–27.831) | 0.179 | |
Poor | 7.172(0.996–51.643) | 0.050 | 4.340(0.599–31.455) | 0.146 | |
Preoperative monocyte | < 0.375 | Reference | Reference | ||
≥0.375 | 1.391(1.047–1.849) |
0.023
| 1.490(1.053–2.109) |
0.024
| |
Postoperative monocyte | <0.845 | Reference | Reference | ||
≥0.845 | 3.974(2.956–5.342) |
< 0.001
| 3.826(2.662–5.499) |
< 0.001
|
Multivariate analysis
Category | Variables | HR (95% CI) |
P
a
|
---|---|---|---|
Disease-free survival | |||
Procedure | VATS | Reference | |
Thoracotomy | 1.520(1.117–2.069) |
0.008
| |
N stage | N0 | Reference | |
N1 | 2.319(1.584–3.396) |
< 0.001
| |
N2 | 2.584(1.845–3.620) |
< 0.001
| |
Histological type | Squamous carcinoma | Reference | |
Adenocarcinoma | 2.273(1.181–4.374) |
0.014
| |
Postoperative monocyte | <0.845 | Reference | |
≥0.845 | 3.684(2.729–4.975) |
< 0.001
| |
Overall survival | |||
Age | Per year | 1.034(1.014–1.054) |
0.001
|
Procedure | VATS | Reference | |
Thoracotomy | 1.700(1.163–2.486) |
0.006
| |
Stage | I | Reference | |
II | 2.228(1.383–3.592) |
0.001
| |
IIIA | 3.592(2.327–5.546) |
< 0.001
| |
Postoperative monocyte | <0.845 | Reference | |
≥0.845 | 3.403(2.362–4.902) |
< 0.001
|