Introduction
Materials and methods
Research subjects
Diagnosis ,inclusion and exclusion criteria
Diagnosis criteria
Inclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria
Research method
Statistical analysis
Results
Comparison of sociodemographic factors and clinical data between the two groups
Item | TEF Group(n=75) | Non-TEF Group(n=223) | t /X2 | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 37.01±7.11 | 34.89±6.24a | −2.457 | 0.015 |
Body Mass Index | ||||
< 25 kg/m2 | 37 (49.3%) | 104 (46.6%) | 0.164 | 0.686 |
≥25 kg/m2 | 38 (50.7%) | 119 (53.4%) | ||
Marriage Life | ||||
≤5 years | 35 (46.7%) | 104 (46.6%) | 0.000 | 0.996 |
> 5 years | 40 (53.3%) | 119 (53.4%) | ||
Residence | ||||
Urban | 52 (69.3%) | 155 (69.5%) | 0.001 | 0.977 |
Rural | 23 (30.7%) | 68 (30.5%) | ||
Education Level | ||||
Junior high school and below | 19 (25.3%) | 47 (21.1%)a | 7.662 | 0.022 |
High school or technical secondary school | 8 (10.7%) | 58 (26.0%)a | ||
College degree and above | 48 (64.0%) | 118 (52.9%)a | ||
Family Economic Conditions | ||||
Income is less than expenditure | 9 (12.0%) | 16 (7.2%) | 2.245 | 0.325 |
Balance of income and expenditure | 44 (58.7%) | 148 (66.4%) | ||
Income is more than expenditure | 22 (29.3%) | 59 (26.4%) | ||
Have children or not | ||||
Have children | 31 (41.3%) | 89 (39.9%) | 0.047 | 0.828 |
Have no children | 44 (58.7%) | 134 (60.1%) | ||
Infertility Duration | ||||
< 3 years | 26 (34.7%) | 76 (34.1%) | 0.072 | 0.964 |
3~5 years | 29 (38.7%) | 90 (40.4%) | ||
> 5 years | 20 (26.6%) | 57 (25.5%) | ||
Treatment Duration | ||||
< 2 years | 25 (33.3%) | 79 (35.4%) | 3.963 | 0.265 |
2~5 years | 37 (49.4%) | 111 (49.8%) | ||
> 5 years | 13 (17.3%) | 33 (14.8%) | ||
Masturbation history | ||||
Never | 17 (22.7%) | 53 (23.8%) | 0.038 | 0.846 |
Have at least once | 58 (77.3%) | 170 (76.2%) |
Comparison of the psychosocial factors for the two groups
Item | TEF Group(n=75)(\( \overline{x} \)±s) | Non-TEF Group(n=223)(\( \overline{x} \)±s) | t | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Perceived stress | 17.57±6.51 | 15.50±5.00 | −2.870 | 0.004 |
Stigma | 4.52±3.87 | 2.61±3.52 | −3.973 | < 0.001 |
Social Support | 55.31±14.04 | 60.74±10.93 | 3.457 | 0.001 |
Family Support | 18.83±5.71 | 21.25±4.29 | 3.877 | < 0.001 |
Friend Support | 18.56±4.73 | 19.89±4.18 | 2.308 | 0.022 |
Other Supports | 17.92±5.09 | 19.60±3.99 | 2.936 | 0.004 |
Psychological capital | 121.73±25.93 | 130.31±17.32 | 3.240 | 0.001 |
Self-efficacy | 31.91±7.64 | 34.21±6.03 | 2.664 | 0.008 |
Resilience | 29.27±7.58 | 31.38±5.73 | 2.532 | 0.012 |
Hope | 30.01±6.94 | 32.46±5.25 | 3.201 | 0.002 |
Optimism | 30.55±7.41 | 32.27±5.32 | 2.182 | 0.030 |
Single factor logistic regression analysis of TEF predictors
Item | B | S.E. | Wald | P | OR | 95%CI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 0.049 | 0.020 | 5.845 | 0.016 | 1.051 | (1.009,1.094) |
Perceived stress | 0.070 | 0.025 | 7.786 | 0.005 | 1.073 | (1.021,1.127) |
Stigma | 0.130 | 0.035 | 14.086 | < 0.001 | 1.139 | (1.064,1.219) |
Social support | ||||||
Family support | −0.105 | 0.028 | 13.535 | < 0.001 | 0.901 | (0.852,0.952) |
Friend support | −0.071 | 0.031 | 5.159 | 0.023 | 0.932 | (0.877,0.990) |
Other support | −0.089 | 0.031 | 8.144 | 0.004 | 0.915 | (0.860,0.972) |
Psychological capital | ||||||
Self-efficacy | −0.055 | 0.021 | 6.808 | 0.009 | 0.947 | (0.909,0.986) |
Resilience | −0.055 | 0.022 | 6.164 | 0.013 | 0.947 | (0.907,0.989) |
Hope | −0.072 | 0.023 | 9.571 | 0.002 | 0.930 | (0.889,0.974) |
Optimism | −0.048 | 0.022 | 4.620 | 0.032 | 0.953 | (0.913,0.996) |
Multivariate logistic regression analysis of TEF predictors
Item | B | S.E. | Wald | P | OR | 95%CI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 0.068 | 0.022 | 9.296 | 0.002 | 1.071 | (1.025, 1.119) |
Perceived stress | 0.002 | 0.003 | 0.004 | 0.951 | 1.002 | (0.940, 1.068) |
Stigma | 0.124 | 0.041 | 9.108 | 0.003 | 1.132 | (1.044, 1.227) |
Social support | ||||||
Family support | −0.132 | 0.052 | 6.342 | 0.012 | 0.877 | (0.791, 0.971) |
Friend support | 0.061 | 0.049 | 1.509 | 0.219 | 1.063 | (0.965, 1.170) |
Other support | 0.005 | 0.052 | 0.008 | 0.928 | 1.005 | (0.907, 1.114) |
Psychological capital | ||||||
Self-efficacy | −0.014 | 0.032 | 0.189 | 0.664 | 0.986 | (0.926, 1.051) |
Resilience | 0.012 | 0.030 | 0.163 | 0.686 | 1.012 | (0.955, 1.073) |
Hope | −0.069 | 0.045 | 2.396 | 0.122 | 0.933 | (0.854, 1.019) |
Optimism | 0.039 | 0.041 | 0.937 | 0.333 | 1.040 | (0.960, 1.126) |