Purpose
Methods
Design
Patients
Data
Statistical analysis
Results
Age (years)a
| 78.4 (9.5) |
Age per category (years)b
| |
60–65 | 45 (10) |
66–75 | 130 (27) |
76–85 | 155 (32) |
≥86 | 149 (31) |
Genderb
| |
Male | 158 (33) |
Female | 321 (67) |
ASA classificationb
| |
1 | 28 (6) |
2 | 173 (36) |
3 | 250 (52) |
4 | 28 (6) |
Charlson comorbidity indexb
| |
0 | 140 (29) |
1 | 103 (22) |
2 | 108 (22) |
≥3 | 128 (27) |
Prefracture living situationb
| |
Independently | 181 (38) |
Independently, with help of others | 129 (27) |
Assisted living facility | 72 (15) |
Nursing home | 68 (14) |
Unknown | 29 (6) |
Fracture typeb
| |
A1 | 55 (12) |
A2 | 107 (22) |
A3 | 57 (12) |
Femoral neck, undisplaced | 55 (12) |
Femoral neck, displaced | 205 (42) |
Type of anesthesiab
| |
Spinal | 169 (35) |
General | 310 (65) |
Days to first procedureb
| |
<2 day | 435 (91) |
≥2 day | 44 (9) |
Length of hospital stay (days)a
| 8.8 (7.7) |
Incidence of complications
N (%) | |
---|---|
Number of complications | |
None | 119 (25) |
One | 150 (31) |
Multiple | 210 (44) |
Specific complications | |
Delirium | 98 (20) |
Pneumonia | 47 (10) |
Heart failure | 25 (5) |
Pressure ulcer | 5 (1) |
Wound problems | 43 (9) |
Surgical or implant-related | 20 (4) |
Only during follow-up (outpatient clinic) | 80 (16) |
Reoperation | 52 (11) |
Mortality (1 year) | 129 (27) |
Risk factors of complications
Risk factor | Regression coefficient |
p value | OR (95% CI) |
---|---|---|---|
Fracture type (ref. type A1) | |||
A2 | 0.68 | 0.08 | 1.97 (0.93–4.17) |
A3 | 0.88 | 0.056 | 2.40 (0.98–5.91) |
Neck, undisplaced | 0.12 | 0.78 | 1.12 (0.50–2.54) |
Neck, displaced | 0.54 | 0.11 | 1.71 (0.88–3.30) |
Charlson comorbidity index (ref. 0) | |||
1 | −0.04 | 0.88 | 0.96 (0.55–1.68) |
2 | 0.41 | 0.17 | 1.50 (0.84–2.68) |
≥3 | 1.17 | <0.001 | 3.19 (1.67–6.08) |
Male sex | −0.40 | 0.08 | 0.67 (0.43–1.06) |
General anesthesia (ref. spinal anesthesia) | 0.41 | 0.07 | 1.51 (0.97–2.35) |
Risk factor | Regression coefficient |
p value | OR (95% CI) |
---|---|---|---|
Charlson comorbidity index (ref. 0) | |||
1 | −0.03 | 0.94 | 0.97 (0.44–2.15) |
2 | 0.33 | 0.40 | 1.39 (0.65–2.94) |
≥3 | 0.63 | 0.08 | 1.88 (0.94–3.75) |
Prefracture living situation (ref. living independently) | |||
Independently, with help of others | −0.11 | 0.76 | 0.90 (0.44–1.81) |
Assisted living facility | 0.69 | 0.05 | 1.99 (1.00–4.00) |
Nursing home | 0.87 | 0.02 | 2.38 (1.18–4.81) |
Age (ref. 60–65) | |||
66–75 | 0.29 | 0.66 | 1.33 (0.37–4.77) |
76–85 | 1.05 | 0.08 | 2.85 (0.87–9.35) |
≥86 | 1.40 | 0.02 | 4.05 (1.23–13.33) |
Male sex | 0.45 | 0.10 | 1.57 (0.93–2.68) |
Days to procedure >2 | 1.15 | 0.005 | 3.16 (1.43–6.97) |
Association between complications and mortality
Risk factor | Regression coefficient |
p value | HR (95% CI) |
---|---|---|---|
Complication | 0.17 | 0.52 | 1.18 (0.70–2.00) |
Charlson index (ref. 0) | |||
1 | 0.28 | 0.46 | 1.32 (0.63–2.79) |
2 | 0.82 | 0.02 | 2.27 (1.18–4.83) |
≥3 | 1.29 | <0.001 | 3.62 (1.98–6.64) |
Age (ref. 60–65) | |||
66–75 | 0.60 | 0.34 | 1.82 (0.53–6.25) |
76–85 | 1.14 | 0.06 | 3.13 (0.96–10.18) |
≥86 | 1.46 | 0.02 | 4.30 (1.33–13.91) |
Male sex | 0.36 | 0.08 | 1.44 (0.96–2.15) |
Risk factor | Regression coefficient |
p value | HR (95% CI) |
---|---|---|---|
Delirium | 0.79 | <0.001 | 2.20 (1.46–3.32) |
Pneumonia | 0.72 | 0.005 | 2.05 (1.24–3.39) |
Charlson index (ref. 0) | |||
1 | 0.23 | 0.55 | 1.26 (0.60–2.64) |
2 | 0.79 | 0.02 | 2.21 (1.14–4.26) |
≥3 | 1.20 | <0.001 | 3.31 (1.81–6.07) |
Age (ref. 60–65) | |||
66–75 | 0.51 | 0.42 | 1.66 (0.48–5.73) |
76–85 | 0.95 | 0.12 | 2.59 (0.79–8.47) |
≥86 | 1.21 | 0.04 | 3.37 (1.04–10.93) |