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Erschienen in: Der Orthopäde 10/2010

01.10.2010 | CME Weiterbildung · Zertifizierte Fortbildung

Epiphysenlösung

verfasst von: C. Zilkens, M. Jäger, B. Bittersohl, Y.-J. Kim, M.B. Millis, Prof. Dr. R. Krauspe

Erschienen in: Die Orthopädie | Ausgabe 10/2010

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Zusammenfassung

Die Epiphyseolysis capitis femoris (ECF) ist eine häufige Hüfterkrankung des Heranwachsenden und sollte so früh wie möglich diagnostiziert und operativ therapiert werden. Ätiologisch werden verschiedene biomechanische, biochemische und genetische Faktoren diskutiert. Die Klassifikation der ECF erfolgt nach ihrer Akuität, klinisch und/oder radiomorphologisch. Avaskuläre Nekrosen (AVN) und Chondrolysen treten häufiger bei operierten als bei nichtoperierten Patienten auf. Mittel- und langfristige Folgeschäden nach ECF sind ein Funktionsverlust und eine Coxarthrose aufgrund eines femoroazetabulären Impingements (FAI) oder aufgrund von Komplikationen (AVN, Chondrolyse). Bei milden Abrutschwinkeln werden günstigere Langzeitverläufe beschrieben als bei moderaten oder schweren Abrutschwinkeln. Hochgradige instabile ECF profitieren von einer Reposition, während bei der chronischen ECF eine Osteotomie indiziert sein kann. Traditionelle Osteotomien wie die Imhäuser- oder Southwick-Osteotomie bieten ein hohes Maß an Sicherheit, die Korrektur liegt jedoch entfernt von der eigentlichen Deformität. Die chirurgische Hüftluxation mit nach Ganz modifizierter Dunn-Osteotomie reduziert die Gefahr einer Überdehnung oder eines Risses des Retinakulums während der Kallusresektion am Schenkelhals und erlaubt eine anatomische Reposition der Kalotte. In Fällen mit FAI aufgrund von milden Deformitäten sollte die Wiederherstellung des Kopf-Hals-Übergangs via Arthroskopie oder chirurgische Hüfluxation in Erwägung gezogen werden, bevor ein höhergradiger Knorpelschaden entstanden ist.
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Metadaten
Titel
Epiphysenlösung
verfasst von
C. Zilkens
M. Jäger
B. Bittersohl
Y.-J. Kim
M.B. Millis
Prof. Dr. R. Krauspe
Publikationsdatum
01.10.2010
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Die Orthopädie / Ausgabe 10/2010
Print ISSN: 2731-7145
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7153
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-010-1659-4

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