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Seminars in Immunopathology

Erschienen in:

01.06.2009 | Review

The emerging role of the endocannabinoid system in cardiovascular disease

verfasst von: Pál Pacher, Sabine Steffens

Erschienen in: Seminars in Immunopathology | Ausgabe 1/2009

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Abstract

Endocannabinoids are endogenous bioactive lipid mediators present both in the brain and various peripheral tissues, which exert their biological effects via interaction with specific G-protein-coupled cannabinoid receptors, the CB₁ and CB₂. Pathological overactivation of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) in various forms of shock and heart failure may contribute to the underlying pathology and cardiodepressive state by the activation of the cardiovascular CB₁ receptors. Furthermore, tonic activation of CB₁ receptors by endocannabinoids has also been implicated in the development of various cardiovascular risk factors in obesity/metabolic syndrome and diabetes, such as plasma lipid alterations, abdominal obesity, hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and insulin and leptin resistance. In contrast, activation of CB₂ receptors in immune cells exerts various immunomodulatory effects, and the CB₂ receptors in endothelial and inflammatory cells appear to limit the endothelial inflammatory response, chemotaxis, and inflammatory cell adhesion and activation in atherosclerosis and reperfusion injury. Here, we will overview the cardiovascular actions of endocannabinoids and the growing body of evidence implicating the dysregulation of the ECS in a variety of cardiovascular diseases. We will also discuss the therapeutic potential of the modulation of the ECS by selective agonists/antagonists in various cardiovascular disorders associated with inflammation and tissue injury, ranging from myocardial infarction and heart failure to atherosclerosis and cardiometabolic disorders.

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Titel: The emerging role of the endocannabinoid system in cardiovascular disease
verfasst von: Pál Pacher
Sabine Steffens
Publikationsdatum: 01.06.2009
Verlag: Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in: Seminars in Immunopathology / Ausgabe 1/2009
Print ISSN: 1863-2297
Elektronische ISSN: 1863-2300
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00281-009-0145-8

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