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20.07.2017 | Original Article

Photofunctionalization and non-thermal plasma activation of titanium surfaces

verfasst von: Anders Henningsen, Ralf Smeets, Philip Hartjen, Oliver Heinrich, Roman Heuberger, Max Heiland, Clarissa Precht, Claudio Cacaci

Erschienen in: Clinical Oral Investigations | Ausgabe 2/2018

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Abstract

Objective

The aim of this study was to compare UV light and non-thermal plasma (NTP) treatment regarding the improvement of physical material characteristics and cell reaction on titanium surfaces in vitro after short-term functionalization.

Materials and methods

Moderately rough (Ra 1.8–2.0 μm) sandblasted and acid-etched titanium disks were treated by UV light (0.05 mW/cm² at λ = 360 nm and 2 mW/cm² at λ = 250 nm) or by NTP (24 W, -0.5 mbar) of argon or oxygen for 12 min each. Surface structure was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, confocal microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Hydrophilicity was assessed by dynamic contact angle measurement. Cell attachment, viability, cell proliferation and cytotoxicity were assessed in vitro using murine osteoblast-like cells.

Results

UV irradiation or NTP treatment of titanium surfaces did not alter the surface structure. XPS analysis revealed a significantly increased oxidation of the surface and a decrease of carbon after the use of either method. NTP and UV light led to a significant better cell attachment of murine osteoblasts; significantly more osteoblasts grew on the treated surfaces at each time point (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

UV light as well as NTP modified the surface of titanium and significantly improved the conditions for murine osteoblast cells in vitro. However, results indicate a slight advantage for NTP of argon and oxygen in a short time interval of surface functionalization compared to UV.

Clinical relevance

UV light and NTP are able to improve surface conditions of dental implants made of titanium.

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Titel: Photofunctionalization and non-thermal plasma activation of titanium surfaces
verfasst von: Anders Henningsen
Ralf Smeets
Philip Hartjen
Oliver Heinrich
Roman Heuberger
Max Heiland
Clarissa Precht
Claudio Cacaci
Publikationsdatum: 20.07.2017
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: Clinical Oral Investigations / Ausgabe 2/2018
Print ISSN: 1432-6981
Elektronische ISSN: 1436-3771
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-017-2186-z

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Photofunctionalization and non-thermal plasma activation of titanium surfaces