Erschienen in:
01.11.2021 | Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (G Tsokos, Section Editor)
TLR7 Signaling in Lupus B Cells: New Insights into Synergizing Factors and Downstream Signals
verfasst von:
Anne B. Satterthwaite
Erschienen in:
Current Rheumatology Reports
|
Ausgabe 11/2021
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Abstract
Purpose of the Review
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is driven by nucleic acid-containing antigens that stimulate endosomal TLRs. We review new advances in our understanding of how TLR7 signaling in B cells drives autoimmunity.
Recent Findings
Pathogenic B cell responses to TLR7 engagement are shaped by the disease-associated cytokine environment. TLR7, IFNγ, and IL-21 together promote the formation of autoreactive germinal centers and the ABC/DN2 B cell subset. BAFF and type 1 IFNs enhance autoantibody production from transitional B cells in concert with TLR7. TLR7 signaling components STAT1, BANK1, IRF5, SLC15A4, and CXorf21/TASL are associated genetically with SLE and important for lupus development in mice, while role of T-bet is controversial. Proper control of TLR7 trafficking by UNC93B1, syntenin-1, and αvβ3 integrin is critical for preventing autoimmunity.
Summary
A better understanding of TLR7 signaling has revealed potential new therapeutic approaches for SLE, several of which are being tested in animal models or clinical trials.