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Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology
Erschienen in: Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology 1/2012

01.02.2012

Leaky Gut and Autoimmune Diseases

verfasst von: Alessio Fasano

Erschienen in: Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology | Ausgabe 1/2012

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Abstract

Autoimmune diseases are characterized by tissue damage and loss of function due to an immune response that is directed against specific organs. This review is focused on the role of impaired intestinal barrier function on autoimmune pathogenesis. Together with the gut-associated lymphoid tissue and the neuroendocrine network, the intestinal epithelial barrier, with its intercellular tight junctions, controls the equilibrium between tolerance and immunity to non-self antigens. Zonulin is the only physiologic modulator of intercellular tight junctions described so far that is involved in trafficking of macromolecules and, therefore, in tolerance/immune response balance. When the zonulin pathway is deregulated in genetically susceptible individuals, autoimmune disorders can occur. This new paradigm subverts traditional theories underlying the development of these diseases and suggests that these processes can be arrested if the interplay between genes and environmental triggers is prevented by re-establishing the zonulin-dependent intestinal barrier function. Both animal models and recent clinical evidence support this new paradigm and provide the rationale for innovative approaches to prevent and treat autoimmune diseases.
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Metadaten
Titel
Leaky Gut and Autoimmune Diseases
verfasst von
Alessio Fasano
Publikationsdatum
01.02.2012
Verlag
Humana Press Inc
Erschienen in
Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology / Ausgabe 1/2012
Print ISSN: 1080-0549
Elektronische ISSN: 1559-0267
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12016-011-8291-x

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