nach oben

Annals of Nuclear Medicine

Erschienen in:

08.06.2021 | Original Article

Usefulness of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in treatment-naive patients with thymic squamous cell carcinoma

verfasst von: Yuan Li, Yi Li, Yan Huang, Xiaodong Wu, Zi Yang, Chunyan Wu, Lei Jiang

Erschienen in: Annals of Nuclear Medicine | Ausgabe 9/2021

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Objective

Thymic squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is very rare. This study aims to investigate the clinical utility of fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT) in treatment-naive patients with TSCC.

Methods

The tumor metabolic parameters of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT, including maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax), metabolic tumor volume of primary lesion (MTV-P) and combination of primary lesion and metastases (MTV-C), and total lesion glycolysis of primary lesion (TLG-P) and combination of primary lesion and metastases (TLG-C) were collected. Age, sex, smoking, serum tumor markers, tumor size, Masaoka-Koga stage, TNM stage, contrast-enhanced CT scan, and tumor immunity were also reviewed. Moreover, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of these patients were analyzed.

Results

Forty-two treatment-naive patients with TSCC were enrolled in this study. All primary tumors were FDG-avid with the average SUVmax of 10.0 ± 4.5 (range, 1.5–20.4). Higher SUVmax, MTV-C, and TLG-C were observed in advanced Masaoka-Koga stage than early stage, and higher SUVmax was found in advanced TNM stage than early stage. Next, 36 out of 42 patients performed chest contrast-enhanced CT scan, which showed SUVmax associated with the enhancement degree of CT. Moreover, 27 out of 42 lesions were assessed tumor immunity, and the detective rates of PD-L1, PD-1, CD4, CD8, and Foxp3 were 59.3%, 37.0%, 59.3%, 100%, and 77.8%, respectively. Higher SUVmax was observed in lesions with lower CD4-positive tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Furthermore, 12- and 24-month PFS and OS rates were 62.0% vs 32.8% and 84.5% vs 68.9%, respectively. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that only MTV-C was an independent predictor of PFS.

Conclusion

¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT is useful in evaluating tumor staging, assessing CT enhancement degree, and detecting tumor immunity of TSCC before treatment. ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT could also be a promising tool to provide prognostic information for treatment-naive patients with TSCC.

Nur mit Berechtigung zugänglich

Riedel RF, Burfeind WRJ. Thymoma: benign appearance, malignant potential. Oncologist. 2006;11:887–94.CrossRef

Zhao Y, Zhao H, Hu D, Fan L, Shi J, Fang W. Surgical treatment and prognosis of thymic squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective analysis of 105 cases. Ann Thorac Surg. 2013;96:1019–24.CrossRef

Ruffini E, Detterbeck F, Van Raemdonck D, Rocco G, Thomas P, Weder W, et al. Thymic carcinoma: a cohort study of patients from the European society of thoracic surgeons database. Lung Cancer. 2014;9:541–8.

Ahmad U, Yao X, Detterbeck F, Huang J, Antonicelli A, Filosso PL, et al. Thymic carcinoma outcomes and prognosis: results of an international analysis. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2015;149:95–101.CrossRef

Kelly RJ, Petrini I, Rajan A, Wang Y, Giaccone G. Thymic malignancies: from clinical management to targeted therapies. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29:4820–7.CrossRef

Cafaro A, Bongiovanni A, Di Iorio V, Oboldi D, Masini C, Ibrahim T. Pembrolizumab in a patient with heavily pre-treated squamous cell thymic carcinoma and cardiac impairment: a case report and literature review. Front Oncol. 2020;10:1478.CrossRef

Yu B, Zhu X, Liang Z, Sun Y, Zhao W, Chen K. Clinical usefulness of (18)F-FDG PET/CT for the detection of distant metastases in patients with non-small cell lung cancer at initial staging: a meta-analysis. Cancer Manag Res. 2018;10:1859–64.CrossRef

Kandathil A, Kay FU, Butt YM, Wachsmann JW, Subramaniam RM. Role of FDG PET/CT in the eighth edition of TNM staging of non-small cell lung cancer. Radiographics. 2018;38:2134–49.CrossRef

Kanyilmaz G, Benli Yavuz B, Aktan M, Sahin O. Prognostic importance of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake by positron emission tomography for stage III non-small cell lung cancer treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy. Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol. 2020;39:20–6.PubMed

10.

Jadvar H, Alavi A, Gambhir SS. 18F-FDG uptake in lung, breast, and colon cancers: molecular biology correlates and disease characterization. J Nucl Med. 2009;50:1820–7.CrossRef

11.

Lv Z, Fan J, Xu J, Wu F, Huang Q, Guo M, et al. Value of (18)F-FDG PET/CT for predicting EGFR mutations and positive ALK expression in patients with non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective analysis of 849 Chinese patients. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2018;45:735–50.CrossRef

12.

Wu X, Huang Y, Zhao Q, Wang L, Song X, Li Y, et al. PD-L1 expression correlation with metabolic parameters of FDG PET/CT and clinicopathological characteristics in non-small cell lung cancer. EJNMMI Res. 2020;10:51.CrossRef

13.

Wu X, Huang Y, Li Y, Wang Q, Wang H, Jiang L. (18)F-FDG PET/CT imaging in pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma and correlation with clinical and genetic findings. Ann Nucl Med. 2019;33:647–56.CrossRef

14.

Xie Y, Zhang S, Liu J, Liang X, Zhang X, Zhang Y, et al. Value of CT spectral imaging in the differential diagnosis of thymoma and mediastinal lymphoma. Br J Radiol. 2019;92:20180598.CrossRef

15.

Filosso PL, Ruffini E, Lausi PO, Lucchi M, Oliaro A, Detterbeck F. Historical perspectives: The evolution of the thymic epithelial tumors staging system. Lung Cancer. 2014;83:126–32.CrossRef

16.

Masaoka A, Monden Y, Nakahara K, Tanioka T. Follow-up study of thymomas with special reference to their clinical stages. Cancer. 1981;48:2485–92.CrossRef

17.

Koga K, Matsuno Y, Noguchi M, Mukai K, Asamura H, Goya T, et al. A review of 79 thymomas: modification of staging system and reappraisal of conventional division into invasive and non-invasive thymoma. Pathol Int. 1994;44:359–67.CrossRef

18.

Detterbeck FC, Stratton K, Giroux D, Asamura H, Crowley J, Falkson C, et al. The IASLC/ITMIG Thymic Epithelial Tumors Staging Project: proposal for an evidence-based stage classification system for the forthcoming (8th) edition of the TNM classification of malignant tumors. J Thorac Oncol. 2014;9:S65-72.CrossRef

19.

Lococo F, Cesario A, Okami J, Cardillo G, Cavuto S, Tokunaga T, et al. Role of combined 18F-FDG-PET/CT for predicting the WHO malignancy grade of thymic epithelial tumors: a multicenter analysis. Lung Cancer. 2013;82:245–51.CrossRef

20.

Ito T, Suzuki H, Sakairi Y, Wada H, Nakajima T, Yoshino I. 18F-FDG-PET/CT predicts grade of malignancy and invasive potential of thymic epithelial tumors. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2021;69:274–81.CrossRef

21.

Ishibashi M, Tanabe Y, Yunaga H, Miyoshi H, Miwa K, Nakamura H, et al. Usefulness of preoperative (18)F-FDG PET/CT for patients with thymic epithelial tumors. Yonago Acta Med. 2019;62:146–52.CrossRef

22.

Park SY, Cho A, Bae MK, Lee CY, Kim DJ, Chung KY. Value of 18F-FDG PET/CT for predicting the world health organization malignant grade of thymic epithelial tumors: focused in volume-dependent parameters. Clin Nucl Med. 2016;41:15–20.CrossRef

23.

Kaba E, Ozkan B, Erus S, Duman S, Cimenoglu B, Toker A. Role of surgery in the treatment of Masaoka stage IVa thymoma. Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2018;24:6–12.CrossRef

24.

Zhonggao J, YiJiao W, Yongfeng W, Zhitao P, Jun W, Diansheng L, et al. Multislice computed tomography performance in differential diagnosis of high-density thymic cyst and thymoma in lesions less than 3 cm. Thorac cancer. 2018;9:1300–4.CrossRef

25.

Zhao Y, Chen H, Shi J, Fan L, Hu D, Zhao H. The correlation of morphological features of chest computed tomographic scans with clinical characteristics of thymoma. Eur J cardio-thoracic Surg. 2015;48:698–704.CrossRef

26.

Sung YM, Lee KS, Kim B-T, Choi JY, Shim YM, Yi CA. 18F-FDG PET/CT of thymic epithelial tumors: usefulness for distinguishing and staging tumor subgroups. J Nucl Med. 2006;47:1628–34.PubMed

27.

Nakajo M, Kajiya Y, Tani A, Yoneda S, Shirahama H, Higashi M, et al. ¹⁸FDG PET for grading malignancy in thymic epithelial tumors: significant differences in ¹⁸FDG uptake and expression of glucose transporter-1 and hexokinase II between low and high-risk tumors: preliminary study. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81:146–51.CrossRef

28.

Yokoyama S, Miyoshi H. Thymic tumors and immune checkpoint inhibitors. J Thorac Dis. 2018;10:S1509–15.CrossRef

29.

Kim KH, Hur JY, Cho J, Ku BM, Koh J, Koh JY, et al. Immune-related adverse events are clustered into distinct subtypes by T-cell profiling before and early after anti-PD-1 treatment. Oncoimmunology. 2020;9:1722023.CrossRef

30.

Jakopovic M, Bitar L, Seiwerth F, Marusic A, Krpina K, Samarzija M. Immunotherapy for thymoma. J Thorac Dis. 2020;12:7635–41.CrossRef

31.

Chen R, Zhou X, Liu J, Huang G. Relationship between the expression of PD-1/PD-L1 and (18)F-FDG uptake in bladder cancer. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2019;46:848–54.CrossRef

32.

Zhao L, Zhuang Y, Fu K, Chen P, Wang Y, Zhuo J, et al. Usefulness of [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT for evaluating the PD-L1 status in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2020;47:1065–74.CrossRef

33.

Yokoyama S, Miyoshi H. Comparison of PD-L1 immunohistochemical assays and the significance of PD-L1 expression in thymoma. J Thorac Dis. 2020;12:7553–60.CrossRef

34.

Lee J, Cho YS, Kim J, Shim YM, Lee K-H, Choi JY. Prognostic significance of metabolic parameters by (18)F-FDG PET/CT in thymic epithelial tumors. Cancers (Basel). 2021;13:712.CrossRef

35.

Tian W, Sun Y, Wu Q, Jiao P, Ma C, Yu H, et al. Surgical outcomes of 215 patients with thymic epithelial tumors: a single-center experience. Thorac cancer. 2020;11:1840–7.CrossRef

36.

Seki N, Sakamoto S, Karube Y, Oyaizu T, Ishihama H, Chida M. ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography for evaluation of thymic epithelial tumors: utility for World Health Organization classification and predicting recurrence-free survival. Ann Nucl Med. 2014;28:257–62.CrossRef

37.

Ohigashi Y, Sho M, Yamada Y, Tsurui Y, Hamada K, Ikeda N, et al. Clinical significance of programmed death-1 ligand-1 and programmed death-1 ligand-2 expression in human esophageal cancer. Clin cancer Res. 2005;11:2947–53.CrossRef

38.

Nomi T, Sho M, Akahori T, Hamada K, Kubo A, Kanehiro H, et al. Clinical significance and therapeutic potential of the programmed death-1 ligand/programmed death-1 pathway in human pancreatic cancer. Clin cancer Res. 2007;13:2151–7.CrossRef

39.

Droeser RA, Hirt C, Viehl CT, Frey DM, Nebiker C, Huber X, et al. Clinical impact of programmed cell death ligand 1 expression in colorectal cancer. Eur J Cancer. 2013;49:2233–42.CrossRef

40.

Yabuuchi H, Matsuo Y, Abe K, Baba S, Sunami S, Kamitani T, et al. Anterior mediastinal solid tumours in adults: characterisation using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, diffusion-weighted MRI, and FDG-PET/CT. Clin Radiol. 2015;70:1289–98.CrossRef

41.

Ohno Y, Kishida Y, Seki S, Koyama H, Yui M, Aoyagi K, et al. Comparison of interobserver agreement and diagnostic accuracy for IASLC/ITMIG thymic epithelial tumor staging among co-registered FDG-PET/MRI, whole-body MRI, integrated FDG-PET/CT, and conventional imaging examination with and without contrast media Adm. Acad Radiol. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2017.12.016.CrossRefPubMed

Titel: Usefulness of 18F-FDG PET/CT in treatment-naive patients with thymic squamous cell carcinoma
verfasst von: Yuan Li
Yi Li
Yan Huang
Xiaodong Wu
Zi Yang
Chunyan Wu
Lei Jiang
Publikationsdatum: 08.06.2021
Verlag: Springer Singapore
Erschienen in: Annals of Nuclear Medicine / Ausgabe 9/2021
Print ISSN: 0914-7187
Elektronische ISSN: 1864-6433
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12149-021-01640-5

Live-Webinar "Urologie und Sexualmedizin in der Praxis"

Springer Medizin

Usefulness of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in treatment-naive patients with thymic squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Live-Webinar "Urologie und Sexualmedizin in der Praxis"

Springer Medizin

Abstract

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu diesem Inhalt zu erhalten

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 9/2021

Correlation of 68Ga-DOTATATE uptake on PET/CT with pathologic features of cellular proliferation in neuroendocrine neoplasms

Effect of different examination conditions on image quality and quantitative value of amyloid positron emission tomography using 18F-flutemetamol

Worse prognosis for IDH wild-type diffuse gliomas with larger residual biological tumor burden

A different overview of staging PET/CT images in patients with esophageal cancer: the role of textural analysis with machine learning methods

Direct comparison of F-18 FDG PET/CT and MRI to predict pathologic response to neoadjuvant treatment in locally advanced rectal cancer: a meta-analysis

Usefulness of albumin–globulin ratio as a clinical prognostic factor in patients with thyroid cancer treated with radioiodine