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Der Nervenarzt
Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt 6/2007

01.06.2007 | Übersichten

Exekutive Funktionen bei depressiven Patienten

Zur Rolle der präfrontalen Aktivierung

verfasst von: Nenad Vasic, R.C. Wolf, H. Walter

Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt | Ausgabe 6/2007

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Zusammenfassung

Die Depression ist eine facettenreiche Erkrankung, die zu tief greifenden Einschnitten in fast allen Lebensbereichen führen kann. Alltagsrelevante Symptome sind kognitive Störungen, die zu wesentlichen Beeinträchtigungen und Leistungseinschränkungen führen. Neuropsychologische Untersuchungen zeigen neben Gedächtnisproblemen vor allem Defizite im Bereich exekutiver Funktionen. Bis jetzt existieren nur wenige funktionell-bildgebende Untersuchungen, die mit Hilfe von neuropsychologischen Tests gezielt die neurofunktionellen Mechanismen exekutiver Defizite untersucht haben. Die erhobenen Befunde reichen von einer Minder- bis hin zu einer Mehraktivierung in präfrontalen Arealen als Substrat einer erbrachten exekutiven Leistung. In diesem Beitrag werden die bisherigen Befunde vor dem Hintergrund des Konzepts der Depression als komplexer Störung eines limbisch-kortikalen Regelkreises diskutiert. Dabei zeigt sich, dass eine „einfache“ Hypofrontalität keinen ausreichenden Erklärungsansatz bietet, sondern ein dynamisches Modell notwendig ist, um der gegenwärtigen Datenlage Rechnung zu tragen. Dieses sollte verschiedene depressive Subtypen mit ihren z. T. verschiedenen neurofunktionellen und metabolischen Mustern berücksichtigen.
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Metadaten
Titel
Exekutive Funktionen bei depressiven Patienten
Zur Rolle der präfrontalen Aktivierung
verfasst von
Nenad Vasic
R.C. Wolf
H. Walter
Publikationsdatum
01.06.2007
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Der Nervenarzt / Ausgabe 6/2007
Print ISSN: 0028-2804
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-0407
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-006-2240-6

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