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Erschienen in: Der Orthopäde 12/2011

01.12.2011 | CME Weiterbildung · Zertifizierte Fortbildung

Primär maligne Knochentumoren

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. R. von Eisenhart-Rothe, A. Toepfer, M. Salzmann, J. Schauwecker, H. Gollwitzer, H. Rechl

Erschienen in: Die Orthopädie | Ausgabe 12/2011

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Zusammenfassung

Unter der Vielzahl möglicher Tumorerkrankungen sind primäre Neoplasien des Skeletts vergleichsweise selten. Primär maligne Knochentumoren zeigen eine jährliche Inzidenz von knapp 10 Erkrankungen pro 1 Mio. Einwohner. Im Kindesalter ist der Anteil maligner Knochentumoren mit 6% aller kindlichen Malignome größer als der entsprechende Anteil bei Erwachsenen. Der Altersgipfel der Gesamtheit aller Knochentumoren liegt zwischen 15 und 19 Jahren. Am häufigsten sind das Osteo- (35%), das Chondro- (25%) und das Ewing-Sarkom (16%). Seltener (≤ 5%) folgen Entitäten wie das Chordom, das primäre maligne fibröse Histiozytom (MFH) des Knochens und das Fibrosarkom des Knochens. Vaskuläre primäre maligne Knochentumoren und das Adamantinom sind sehr selten. Das für eine systematische Therapieableitung notwendige Staging beinhaltet eine vollständige bildgebende Diagnostik und die histopathologische Diagnosesicherung der Entität, welche im Fall von malignen Knochentumoren meist über eine Probebiopsie erfolgt. Darauf basierend muss in einer interdisziplinären Tumorkonferenz das individuelle therapeutische Vorgehen festgelegt werden. Die operative Therapie beinhaltet dabei zumeist die weite Tumorresektion und anschließende Rekonstruktion. Die engmaschige, kontinuierliche Tumornachsorge ist von essenzieller Bedeutung für die Prognose und sollte üblicherweise im behandlungsführenden Tumorzentrum fortgeführt werden.
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Metadaten
Titel
Primär maligne Knochentumoren
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. R. von Eisenhart-Rothe
A. Toepfer
M. Salzmann
J. Schauwecker
H. Gollwitzer
H. Rechl
Publikationsdatum
01.12.2011
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Die Orthopädie / Ausgabe 12/2011
Print ISSN: 2731-7145
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7153
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-011-1866-7

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