nach oben

Seminars in Immunopathology

Erschienen in:

01.09.2013 | Review

Monocyte heterogeneity in cardiovascular disease

verfasst von: Peter Libby, Matthias Nahrendorf, Filip K. Swirski

Erschienen in: Seminars in Immunopathology | Ausgabe 5/2013

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Only a few decades ago, students of the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease paid little heed to the involvement of inflammation and immunity. Multiple lines of evidence now point to the participation of innate and adaptive immunity and inflammatory signaling in a variety of cardiovascular conditions. Hence, interest has burgeoned in this intersection. This review will focus on the contribution of innate immunity to both acute injury to the heart muscle itself, notably myocardial infarction, and to chronic inflammation in the artery wall, namely atherosclerosis, the cause of most myocardial infarctions. Our discussion of the operation of innate immunity in cardiovascular diseases will focus on functions of the mononuclear phagocytes, with special attention to emerging data regarding the participation of different functional subsets of these cells in cardiovascular pathophysiology.

Lozano R, Naghavi M, Foreman K, Lim S, Shibuya K, Aboyans V, Abraham J, Adair T, Aggarwal R, Ahn SY, Alvarado M, Anderson HR, Anderson LM, Andrews KG, Atkinson C, Baddour LM, Barker-Collo S, Bartels DH, Bell ML, Benjamin EJ, Bennett D, Bhalla K, Bikbov B, Bin Abdulhak A, Birbeck G, Blyth F, Bolliger I, Boufous S, Bucello C, Burch M, Burney P, Carapetis J, Chen H, Chou D, Chugh SS, Coffeng LE, Colan SD, Colquhoun S, Colson KE, Condon J, Connor MD, Cooper LT, Corriere M, Cortinovis M, de Vaccaro KC, Couser W, Cowie BC, Criqui MH, Cross M, Dabhadkar KC, Dahodwala N, De Leo D, Degenhardt L, Delossantos A, Denenberg J, Des Jarlais DC, Dharmaratne SD, Dorsey ER, Driscoll T, Duber H, Ebel B, Erwin PJ, Espindola P, Ezzati M, Feigin V, Flaxman AD, Forouzanfar MH, Fowkes FG, Franklin R, Fransen M, Freeman MK, Gabriel SE, Gakidou E, Gaspari F, Gillum RF, Gonzalez-Medina D, Halasa YA, Haring D, Harrison JE, Havmoeller R, Hay RJ, Hoen B, Hotez PJ, Hoy D, Jacobsen KH, James SL, Jasrasaria R, Jayaraman S, Johns N, Karthikeyan G, Kassebaum N, Keren A, Khoo JP, Knowlton LM, Kobusingye O, Koranteng A, Krishnamurthi R, Lipnick M, Lipshultz SE, Ohno SL, Mabweijano J, MacIntyre MF, Mallinger L, March L, Marks GB, Marks R, Matsumori A, Matzopoulos R, Mayosi BM, McAnulty JH, McDermott MM, McGrath J, Mensah GA, Merriman TR, Michaud C, Miller M, Miller TR, Mock C, Mocumbi AO, Mokdad AA, Moran A, Mulholland K, Nair MN, Naldi L, Narayan KM, Nasseri K, Norman P, O’Donnell M, Omer SB, Ortblad K, Osborne R, Ozgediz D, Pahari B, Pandian JD, Rivero AP, Padilla RP, Perez-Ruiz F, Perico N, Phillips D, Pierce K, Pope CA 3rd, Porrini E, Pourmalek F, Raju M, Ranganathan D, Rehm JT, Rein DB, Remuzzi G, Rivara FP, Roberts T, De Leon FR, Rosenfeld LC, Rushton L, Sacco RL, Salomon JA, Sampson U, Sanman E, Schwebel DC, Segui-Gomez M, Shepard DS, Singh D, Singleton J, Sliwa K, Smith E, Steer A, Taylor JA, Thomas B, Tleyjeh IM, Towbin JA, Truelsen T, Undurraga EA, Venketasubramanian N, Vijayakumar L, Vos T, Wagner GR, Wang M, Wang W, Watt K, Weinstock MA, Weintraub R, Wilkinson JD, Woolf AD, Wulf S, Yeh PH, Yip P, Zabetian A, Zheng ZJ, Lopez AD, Murray CJ (2012) Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet 380:2095–2128PubMedCrossRef

Bloom DE, Cafiero ET, Jane-Llopis E, Abrahams-Gessel S, Bloom LR, Fathima S, Feigl AB, Gaziano T, Mowafi M, Pandya A, Prettner K, Rosenberg L, Seligman B, Stein AZ, Weinstein C (2011) The global economic burden of noncommunicable diseases

Braunwald E, Maroko PR, Libby P (1974) Reduction of infarct size following coronary occlusion. Circ Res 35(3):192–201PubMed

Pfeffer MA, Braunwald E (1990) Ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction. Experimental observations and clinical implications. Circulation 81:1161–1172PubMedCrossRef

Mallory GK, White PD, Salcedo-Salgar J (1939) The speed of healing of myocardial infarction: a study of the pathologic anatomy in 72 cases. Am Heart J 18:647–671CrossRef

Nahrendorf M, Swirski FK, Aikawa E, Stangenberg L, Wurdinger T, Figueiredo JL, Libby P, Weissleder R, Pittet MJ (2007) The healing myocardium sequentially mobilizes two monocyte subsets with divergent and complementary functions. J Exp Med 204:3037–3047PubMedCrossRef

Gordon S, Taylor PR (2005) Monocyte and macrophage heterogeneity. Nat Rev Immunol 5:953–964PubMedCrossRef

Sica A, Mantovani A (2012) Macrophage plasticity and polarization: in vivo veritas. J Clin Invest 122:787–795PubMedCrossRef

Mosser DM, Edwards JP (2008) Exploring the full spectrum of macrophage activation. Nat Rev Immunol 8:958–969PubMedCrossRef

10.

Arnold L, Henry A, Poron F, Baba-Amer Y, van Rooijen N, Plonquet A, Gherardi RK, Chazaud B (2007) Inflammatory monocytes recruited after skeletal muscle injury switch into anti-inflammatory macrophages to support myogenesis. J Exp Med 204:1057–1069PubMedCrossRef

11.

Ramachandran P, Pellicoro A, Vernon MA, Boulter L, Aucott RL, Ali A, Hartland SN, Snowdon VK, Cappon A, Gordon-Walker TT, Williams MJ, Dunbar DR, Manning JR, van Rooijen N, Fallowfield JA, Forbes SJ, Iredale JP (2012) Differential Ly-6C expression identifies the recruited macrophage phenotype, which orchestrates the regression of murine liver fibrosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 109:E3186–E3195PubMedCrossRef

12.

Yona S, Kim KW, Wolf Y, Mildner A, Varol D, Breker M, Strauss-Ayali D, Viukov S, Guilliams M, Misharin A, Hume DA, Perlman H, Malissen B, Zelzer E, Jung S (2013) Fate mapping reveals origins and dynamics of monocytes and tissue macrophages under homeostasis. Immunity 38:79–91PubMedCrossRef

13.

Troidl C, Mollmann H, Nef H, Masseli F, Voss S, Szardien S, Willmer M, Rolf A, Rixe J, Troidl K, Kostin S, Hamm C, Elsasser A (2009) Classically and alternatively activated macrophages contribute to tissue remodelling after myocardial infarction. J Cell Mol Med 13:3485–3496PubMedCrossRef

14.

Ma Y, Halade GV, Zhang J, Ramirez TA, Levin D, Voorhees AP, Jin YF, Han HC, Manicone AM, Lindsey M (2012) Matrix metalloproteinase-28 deletion exacerbates cardiac dysfunction and rupture following myocardial infarction in mice by inhibiting M2 macrophage activation. Circ Res

15.

Swirski FK, Nahrendorf M, Etzrodt M, Wildgruber M, Cortez-Retamozo V, Panizzi P, Figueiredo JL, Kohler RH, Chudnovskiy A, Waterman P, Aikawa E, Mempel TR, Libby P, Weissleder R, Pittet MJ (2009) Identification of splenic reservoir monocytes and their deployment to inflammatory sites. Science 325:612–616PubMedCrossRef

16.

Leuschner F, Panizzi P, Chico-Calero I, Lee WW, Ueno T, Cortez-Retamozo V, Waterman P, Gorbatov R, Marinelli B, Iwamoto Y, Chudnovskiy A, Figueiredo JL, Sosnovik DE, Pittet MJ, Swirski FK, Weissleder R, Nahrendorf M (2010) Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition prevents the release of monocytes from their splenic reservoir in mice with myocardial infarction. Circ Res 107:1364–1373PubMedCrossRef

17.

Ambrosioni E, Borghi C, Magnani B (1995) The effect of the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor zofenopril on mortality and morbidity after anterior myocardial infarction. The survival of myocardial infarction long-term evaluation (SMILE) study investigators. N Engl J Med 332:80–85PubMedCrossRef

18.

Pfeffer MA, Braunwald E, Moye LA, Basta L, Brown EJ Jr, Cuddy TE, Davis BR, Geltman EM, Goldman S, Flaker GC et al (1992) Effect of captopril on mortality and morbidity in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. Results of the survival and ventricular enlargement trial. The SAVE Investigators. N Engl J Med 327:669–677PubMedCrossRef

19.

Panizzi P, Swirski FK, Figueiredo JL, Waterman P, Sosnovik DE, Aikawa E, Libby P, Pittet M, Weissleder R, Nahrendorf M (2010) Impaired infarct healing in atherosclerotic mice with Ly-6C(hi) monocytosis. J Am Coll Cardiol 55:1629–1638PubMedCrossRef

20.

Dewald O, Zymek P, Winkelmann K, Koerting A, Ren G, Abou-Khamis T, Michael LH, Rollins BJ, Entman ML, Frangogiannis NG (2005) CCL2/monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 regulates inflammatory responses critical to healing myocardial infarcts. Circ Res 96:881–889PubMedCrossRef

21.

Leuschner F, Dutta P, Gorbatov R, Novobrantseva TI, Donahoe JS, Courties G, Lee KM, Kim JI, Markmann JF, Marinelli B, Panizzi P, Lee WW, Iwamoto Y, Milstein S, Epstein-Barash H, Cantley W, Wong J, Cortez-Retamozo V, Newton A, Love K, Libby P, Pittet MJ, Swirski FK, Koteliansky V, Langer R, Weissleder R, Anderson DG, Nahrendorf M (2011) Therapeutic siRNA silencing in inflammatory monocytes in mice. Nat Biotechnol 29:1005–1010PubMedCrossRef

22.

Leuschner F, Rauch PJ, Ueno T, Gorbatov R, Marinelli B, Lee WW, Dutta P, Wei Y, Robbins C, Iwamoto Y, Sena B, Chudnovskiy A, Panizzi P, Keliher E, Higgins JM, Libby P, Moskowitz MA, Pittet MJ, Swirski FK, Weissleder R, Nahrendorf M (2012) Rapid monocyte kinetics in acute myocardial infarction are sustained by extramedullary monocytopoiesis. J Exp Med 209:123–137PubMedCrossRef

23.

Swirski FK, Libby P, Aikawa E, Alcaide P, Luscinskas FW, Weissleder R, Pittet MJ (2007) Ly-6Chi monocytes dominate hypercholesterolemia-associated monocytosis and give rise to macrophages in atheromata. J Clin Invest 117:195–205PubMedCrossRef

24.

Tacke F, Alvarez D, Kaplan TJ, Jakubzick C, Spanbroek R, Llodra J, Garin A, Liu J, Mack M, van Rooijen N, Lira SA, Habenicht AJ, Randolph GJ (2007) Monocyte subsets differentially employ CCR2, CCR5, and CX3CR1 to accumulate within atherosclerotic plaques. J Clin Invest 117:185–194PubMedCrossRef

25.

Combadiere C, Potteaux S, Rodero M, Simon T, Pezard A, Esposito B, Merval R, Proudfoot A, Tedgui A, Mallat Z (2008) Combined inhibition of CCL2, CX3CR1, and CCR5 abrogates Ly6C(hi) and Ly6C(lo) monocytosis and almost abolishes atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic mice. Circulation 117:1649–1657PubMedCrossRef

26.

Saederup N, Chan L, Lira SA, Charo IF (2008) Fractalkine deficiency markedly reduces macrophage accumulation and atherosclerotic lesion formation in CCR2−/− mice: evidence for independent chemokine functions in atherogenesis. Circulation 117:1642–1648PubMedCrossRef

27.

Robbins CS, Chudnovskiy A, Rauch PJ, Figueiredo JL, Iwamoto Y, Gorbatov R, Etzrodt M, Weber GF, Ueno T, van Rooijen N, Mulligan-Kehoe MJ, Libby P, Nahrendorf M, Pittet MJ, Weissleder R, Swirski FK (2012) Extramedullary hematopoiesis generates Ly-6C(high) monocytes that infiltrate atherosclerotic lesions. Circulation 125:364–374PubMedCrossRef

28.

Rauch PJ, Chudnovskiy A, Robbins CS, Weber GF, Etzrodt M, Hilgendorf I, Tiglao E, Figueiredo JL, Iwamoto Y, Theurl I, Gorbatov R, Waring MT, Chicoine AT, Mouded M, Pittet MJ, Nahrendorf M, Weissleder R, Swirski FK (2012) Innate response activator B cells protect against microbial sepsis. Science 335:597–601PubMedCrossRef

29.

Robbins CS, Swirski FK (2012) Newly discovered innate response activator B cells: crucial responders against microbial sepsis. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 8:405–407PubMedCrossRef

30.

Westerterp M, Gourion-Arsiquaud S, Murphy AJ, Shih A, Cremers S, Levine RL, Tall AR, Yvan-Charvet L (2012) Regulation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell mobilization by cholesterol efflux pathways. Cell Stem Cell 11:195–206PubMedCrossRef

31.

Murphy AJ, Akhtari M, Tolani S, Pagler T, Bijl N, Kuo CL, Wang M, Sanson M, Abramowicz S, Welch C, Bochem AE, Kuivenhoven JA, Yvan-Charvet L, Tall AR (2011) ApoE regulates hematopoietic stem cell proliferation, monocytosis, and monocyte accumulation in atherosclerotic lesions in mice. J Clin Invest 121:4138–4149PubMedCrossRef

32.

Yvan-Charvet L, Pagler T, Gautier EL, Avagyan S, Siry RL, Han S, Welch CL, Wang N, Randolph GJ, Snoeck HW, Tall AR (2010) ATP-binding cassette transporters and HDL suppress hematopoietic stem cell proliferation. Science 328:1689–1693PubMedCrossRef

33.

Bruschke AV, Kramer JRJ, Bal ET, Haque IU, Detrano RC, Goormastic M (1989) The dynamics of progression of coronary atherosclerosis studied in 168 medically treated patients who underwent coronary arteriography three times. Am Heart J 117:296–305PubMedCrossRef

34.

Yokoya K, Takatsu H, Suzuki T, Hosokawa H, Ojio S, Matsubara T, Tanaka T, Watanabe S, Morita N, Nishigaki K, Takemura G, Noda T, Minatoguchi S, Fujiwara H (1999) Process of progression of coronary artery lesions from mild or moderate stenosis to moderate or severe stenosis: a study based on four serial coronary arteriograms per year. Circulation 100:903–909PubMedCrossRef

35.

Clinton SK, Fleet JC, Loppnow H, Salomon RN, Clark BD, Cannon JG, Shaw AR, Dinarello CA, Libby P (1991) Interleukin-1 gene expression in rabbit vascular tissue in vivo. Am J Pathol 138:1005–1014PubMed

36.

Fleet JC, Clinton SK, Salomon RN, Loppnow H, Libby P (1992) Atherogenic diets enhance endotoxin-stimulated interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor gene expression in rabbit aortae. J Nutr 122:294–305PubMed

37.

Libby P, Egan D, Skarlatos S (1997) Roles of infectious agents in atherosclerosis and restenosis: an assessment of the evidence and need for future research. Circulation 96:4095–4103PubMedCrossRef

38.

Goldstein JA, Demetriou D, Grines CL, Pica M, Shoukfeh M, O’Neill WW (2000) Multiple complex coronary plaques in patients with acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 343:915–922PubMedCrossRef

39.

Milonas C, Jernberg T, Lindback J, Agewall S, Wallentin L, Stenestrand U (2010) Effect of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition on one-year mortality and frequency of repeat acute myocardial infarction in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 105:1229–1234PubMedCrossRef

40.

Dutta P, Courties G, Wei Y, Leuschner F, Gorbatov R, Robbins CS, Iwamoto Y, Thompson B, Carlson AL, Heidt T, Majmudar MD, Lasitschka F, Etzrodt M, Waterman P, Waring MT, Chicoine AT, van der Laan AM, Niessen HW, Piek JJ, Rubin BB, Butany J, Stone JR, Katus HA, Murphy SA, Morrow DA, Sabatine MS, Vinegoni C, Moskowitz MA, Pittet MJ, Libby P, Lin CP, Swirski FK, Weissleder R, Nahrendorf M (2012) Myocardial infarction accelerates atherosclerosis. Nature 487:325–329PubMedCrossRef

41.

Mendez-Ferrer S, Lucas D, Battista M, Frenette PS (2008) Haematopoietic stem cell release is regulated by circadian oscillations. Nature 452:442–447PubMedCrossRef

42.

Scheiermann C, Kunisaki Y, Lucas D, Chow A, Jang JE, Zhang D, Hashimoto D, Merad M, Frenette PS (2012) Adrenergic nerves govern circadian leukocyte recruitment to tissues. Immunity 37:290–301PubMedCrossRef

43.

Libby P (2013) Mechanisms of the acute coronary syndromes and their implications for therapy. N Engl J Med 368:2004–2013

44.

Libby P, Theroux P (2005) Pathophysiology of coronary artery disease. Circulation 111:3481–3488PubMedCrossRef

45.

Cros J, Cagnard N, Woollard K, Patey N, Zhang SY, Senechal B, Puel A, Biswas SK, Moshous D, Picard C, Jais JP, D’Cruz D, Casanova JL, Trouillet C, Geissmann F (2010) Human CD14dim monocytes patrol and sense nucleic acids and viruses via TLR7 and TLR8 receptors. Immunity 33:375–386PubMedCrossRef

46.

Ingersoll MA, Spanbroek R, Lottaz C, Gautier EL, Frankenberger M, Hoffmann R, Lang R, Haniffa M, Collin M, Tacke F, Habenicht AJ, Ziegler-Heitbrock L, Randolph GJ (2010) Comparison of gene expression profiles between human and mouse monocyte subsets. Blood 115:e10–e19PubMedCrossRef

47.

Skrzeczynska-Moncznik J, Bzowska M, Loseke S, Grage-Griebenow E, Zembala M, Pryjma J (2008) Peripheral blood CD14high CD16+ monocytes are main producers of IL-10. Scand J Immunol 67:152–159PubMedCrossRef

48.

Wong KL, Tai JJ, Wong WC, Han H, Sem X, Yeap WH, Kourilsky P, Wong SC (2011) Gene expression profiling reveals the defining features of the classical, intermediate, and nonclassical human monocyte subsets. Blood 118:e16–e31PubMedCrossRef

49.

Engstrom G, Melander O, Hedblad B (2009) Leukocyte count and incidence of hospitalizations due to heart failure. Circ Heart Fail 2:217–222PubMedCrossRef

50.

Heine GH, Ulrich C, Seibert E, Seiler S, Marell J, Reichart B, Krause M, Schlitt A, Kohler H, Girndt M (2008) CD14(++)CD16+ monocytes but not total monocyte numbers predict cardiovascular events in dialysis patients. Kidney Int 73:622–629PubMedCrossRef

51.

Hristov M, Leyendecker T, Schuhmann C, von Hundelshausen P, Heussen N, Kehmeier E, Krotz F, Sohn HY, Klauss V, Weber C (2010) Circulating monocyte subsets and cardiovascular risk factors in coronary artery disease. Thromb Haemost 104:412–414PubMedCrossRef

52.

Imanishi T, Ikejima H, Tsujioka H, Kuroi A, Ishibashi K, Komukai K, Tanimoto T, Ino Y, Takeshita T, Akasaka T (2010) Association of monocyte subset counts with coronary fibrous cap thickness in patients with unstable angina pectoris. Atherosclerosis 212:628–635PubMedCrossRef

53.

Kashiwagi M, Imanishi T, Tsujioka H, Ikejima H, Kuroi A, Ozaki Y, Ishibashi K, Komukai K, Tanimoto T, Ino Y, Kitabata H, Hirata K, Akasaka T (2010) Association of monocyte subsets with vulnerability characteristics of coronary plaques as assessed by 64-slice multidetector computed tomography in patients with stable angina pectoris. Atherosclerosis 212:171–176PubMedCrossRef

54.

Liu Y, Imanishi T, Ikejima H, Tsujioka H, Ozaki Y, Kuroi A, Okochi K, Ishibashi K, Tanimoto T, Ino Y, Kitabata H, Akasaka T (2010) Association between circulating monocyte subsets and in-stent restenosis after coronary stent implantation in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Circ J 74:2585–2591PubMedCrossRef

55.

Poitou C, Dalmas E, Renovato M, Benhamo V, Hajduch F, Abdennour M, Kahn JF, Veyrie N, Rizkalla S, Fridman WH, Sautes-Fridman C, Clement K, Cremer I (2011) CD14dimCD16+ and CD14 + CD16+ monocytes in obesity and during weight loss: relationships with fat mass and subclinical atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 31:2322–2330PubMedCrossRef

56.

Rogacev KS, Seiler S, Zawada AM, Reichart B, Herath E, Roth D, Ulrich C, Fliser D, Heine GH (2011) CD14++CD16+ monocytes and cardiovascular outcome in patients with chronic kidney disease. Eur Heart J 32:84–92PubMedCrossRef

57.

Rothe G, Herr AS, Stohr J, Abletshauser C, Weidinger G, Schmitz G (1999) A more mature phenotype of blood mononuclear phagocytes is induced by fluvastatin treatment in hypercholesterolemic patients with coronary heart disease. Atherosclerosis 144:251–261PubMedCrossRef

58.

Schlitt A, Heine GH, Blankenberg S, Espinola-Klein C, Dopheide JF, Bickel C, Lackner KJ, Iz M, Meyer J, Darius H, Rupprecht HJ (2004) CD14 + CD16+ monocytes in coronary artery disease and their relationship to serum TNF-alpha levels. Thromb Haemost 92:419–424PubMed

59.

Timmerman KL, Flynn MG, Coen PM, Markofski MM, Pence BD (2008) Exercise training-induced lowering of inflammatory (CD14 + CD16+) monocytes: a role in the anti-inflammatory influence of exercise? J Leukoc Biol 84:1271–1278PubMedCrossRef

60.

Tsujioka H, Imanishi T, Ikejima H, Kuroi A, Takarada S, Tanimoto T, Kitabata H, Okochi K, Arita Y, Ishibashi K, Komukai K, Kataiwa H, Nakamura N, Hirata K, Tanaka A, Akasaka T (2009) Impact of heterogeneity of human peripheral blood monocyte subsets on myocardial salvage in patients with primary acute myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 54:130–138PubMedCrossRef

61.

van der Laan AM, Hirsch A, Robbers LF, Nijveldt R, Lommerse I, Delewi R, van der Vleuten PA, Biemond BJ, Zwaginga JJ, van der Giessen WJ, Zijlstra F, van Rossum AC, Voermans C, van der Schoot CE, Piek JJ (2012) A proinflammatory monocyte response is associated with myocardial injury and impaired functional outcome in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: monocytes and myocardial infarction. Am Heart J 163:57–65PubMedCrossRef

62.

Wildgruber M, Lee H, Chudnovskiy A, Yoon TJ, Etzrodt M, Pittet MJ, Nahrendorf M, Croce K, Libby P, Weissleder R, Swirski FK (2009) Monocyte subset dynamics in human atherosclerosis can be profiled with magnetic nano-sensors. PLoS One 4:e5663PubMedCrossRef

63.

Berg KE, Ljungcrantz I, Andersson L, Bryngelsson C, Hedblad B, Fredrikson GN, Nilsson J, Bjorkbacka H (2012) Elevated CD14++CD16 monocytes predict cardiovascular events. Circ Cardiovasc Genet 5:122–131PubMedCrossRef

64.

Rogacev KS, Cremers B, Zawada AM, Seiler S, Binder N, Ege P, Grosse-Dunker G, Heisel I, Hornof F, Jeken J, Rebling NM, Ulrich C, Scheller B, Bohm M, Fliser D, Heine GH (2012) CD14++CD16+ monocytes independently predict cardiovascular events: a cohort study of 951 patients referred for elective coronary angiography. J Am Coll Cardiol 60:1512–1520PubMedCrossRef

65.

Nidorf SM, Eikelboom JW, Budgeon CA, Thompson PL (2013) Low-dose colchicine for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 61:404–410PubMedCrossRef

66.

Ridker PM (2009) Testing the inflammatory hypothesis of atherothrombosis: scientific rationale for the cardiovascular inflammation reduction trial (CIRT). J Thromb Haemost 7(1):332–339PubMedCrossRef

67.

Ridker PM, Thuren T, Zalewski A, Libby P (2011) Interleukin-1beta inhibition and the prevention of recurrent cardiovascular events: rationale and design of the canakinumab anti-inflammatory thrombosis outcomes study (CANTOS). Am Heart J 162:597–605PubMedCrossRef

68.

Gerrity RG (1981) The role of the monocyte in atherogenesis: I. Transition of blood-borne monocytes into foam cells in fatty lesions. Am J Pathol 103:181–190PubMed

69.

Gerrity RG (1981) The role of the monocyte in atherogenesis: II. Migration of foam cells from atherosclerotic lesions. Am J Pathol 103:191–200PubMed

Titel: Monocyte heterogeneity in cardiovascular disease
verfasst von: Peter Libby
Matthias Nahrendorf
Filip K. Swirski
Publikationsdatum: 01.09.2013
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: Seminars in Immunopathology / Ausgabe 5/2013
Print ISSN: 1863-2297
Elektronische ISSN: 1863-2300
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00281-013-0387-3

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

^{Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag}

Kostenlos registrieren

Neu im Fachgebiet Innere Medizin

Notfall-TEP der Hüfte ist auch bei 90-Jährigen machbar

26.04.2024 Hüft-TEP Nachrichten

Ob bei einer Notfalloperation nach Schenkelhalsfraktur eine Hemiarthroplastik oder eine totale Endoprothese (TEP) eingebaut wird, sollte nicht allein vom Alter der Patientinnen und Patienten abhängen. Auch über 90-Jährige können von der TEP profitieren.

Niedriger diastolischer Blutdruck erhöht Risiko für schwere kardiovaskuläre Komplikationen

25.04.2024 Hypotonie Nachrichten

Wenn unter einer medikamentösen Hochdrucktherapie der diastolische Blutdruck in den Keller geht, steigt das Risiko für schwere kardiovaskuläre Ereignisse: Darauf deutet eine Sekundäranalyse der SPRINT-Studie hin.

Bei schweren Reaktionen auf Insektenstiche empfiehlt sich eine spezifische Immuntherapie

25.04.2024 Allergien und Intoleranzreaktionen Nachrichten

Insektenstiche sind bei Erwachsenen die häufigsten Auslöser einer Anaphylaxie. Einen wirksamen Schutz vor schweren anaphylaktischen Reaktionen bietet die allergenspezifische Immuntherapie. Jedoch kommt sie noch viel zu selten zum Einsatz.

Therapiestart mit Blutdrucksenkern erhöht Frakturrisiko

25.04.2024 Hypertonie Nachrichten

Beginnen ältere Männer im Pflegeheim eine Antihypertensiva-Therapie, dann ist die Frakturrate in den folgenden 30 Tagen mehr als verdoppelt. Besonders häufig stürzen Demenzkranke und Männer, die erstmals Blutdrucksenker nehmen. Dafür spricht eine Analyse unter US-Veteranen.

Update Innere Medizin

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.

Newsletter bestellen

Springer Medizin

Abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu diesem Inhalt zu erhalten

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 5/2013

Macrophages in tuberculosis: friend or foe

Tumor-associated macrophages: functional diversity, clinical significance, and open questions

Macrophage heterogeneity in lymphoid tissues

Microglia and macrophages of the central nervous system: the contribution of microglia priming and systemic inflammation to chronic neurodegeneration