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Erschienen in: Die Pathologie 5/2011

01.09.2011 | Schwerpunkt

HPV-assoziierte Plattenepithelkarzinogenese

verfasst von: G. Assmann, Prof. Dr. K. Sotlar

Erschienen in: Die Pathologie | Ausgabe 5/2011

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Zusammenfassung

Infektionen mit High-risk- (HR-) Typen humaner Papillomaviren (HPV) werden für die Entstehung von 7–8% aller Malignome verantwortlich gemacht. Neben dem Zervixkarzinom ist v. a. das Plattenepithelkarzinom der Anogenitalregion und des Oropharynx HR-HPV assoziiert. Die HPV-Infektion erfolgt in aller Regel durch sexuellen Kontakt. Für die Entdeckung der ätiologischen Bedeutung von HR-HPV-Infektionen in der Entstehung des Zervixkarzinoms wurde Harald zur Hausen 2008 mit dem Nobelpreis für Medizin ausgezeichnet. Mittlerweile sind prophylaktische Impfstoffe gegen HPV-16 und HPV-18, die beiden häufigsten HR-Typen, verfügbar. Auf molekularer Ebene stellt die persistierende HR-HPV-Infektion den zentralen Risikofaktor für die Entstehung HPV-assoziierter Neoplasien dar. Im Rahmen dieser Infektionen sorgt die kontinuierliche Expression der viralen Onkogene E6 und E7 für eine Inaktivierung der Zellzykluskontrolle. In den betroffenen Zellen induziert dies eine unbeschränkte Proliferationsfähigkeit und Apoptoseresistenz, führt aber auch zur Akquisition von Mutationen und genomischer Instabilität, die schließlich in der malignen Transformation und Ausbildung eines Plattenepithelkarzinoms münden können.
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Metadaten
Titel
HPV-assoziierte Plattenepithelkarzinogenese
verfasst von
G. Assmann
Prof. Dr. K. Sotlar
Publikationsdatum
01.09.2011
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Die Pathologie / Ausgabe 5/2011
Print ISSN: 2731-7188
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7196
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00292-011-1442-2

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