Skip to main content
Hauptrubriken
CME Facharzt-Training Webinare Zeitschriften Bücher e.Medpedia Podcast
Service
Jobbörse Info & Hilfe
Fachgebiete
Anästhesiologie Allgemeinmedizin Arbeitsmedizin Augenheilkunde Chirurgie Dermatologie Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe HNO Innere Medizin Kardiologie Neurologie Onkologie und Hämatologie Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie Pädiatrie Pathologie Psychiatrie Radiologie Rechtsmedizin Urologie Zahnmedizin
Themen
Diabetes und Adipositas Klimawandel und Gesundheit Neues aus dem Markt COVID-19 Praxis und Beruf Seltene Erkrankungen GOÄ & EBM Panorama
Sammlungen
Kasuistiken Algorithmen & Infografiken Blickdiagnosen Arthropedia FlapFinder (für Dermatochirurgen) Videos Kongressberichterstattung Medizin für Apothekerinnen und Apotheker Für Ärztinnen und Ärzte in Weiterbildung Für Medizinstudierende
Erweiterte Suche
Anmelden
nach oben
European Radiology
Erschienen in: European Radiology 11/2006

01.11.2006 | Cardiac

Imaging in percutaneous ablation for atrial fibrillation

verfasst von: Ružica Maksimović, Thorsten Dill, Arsen D. Ristić, Petar M. Seferović

Erschienen in: European Radiology | Ausgabe 11/2006

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Percutaneous ablation for electrical disconnection of the arrhythmogenic foci using various forms of energy has become a well-established technique for treating atrial fibrillation (AF). Success rate in preventing recurrence of AF episodes is high although associated with a significant incidence of pulmonary vein (PV) stenosis and other rare complications. Clinical workup of AF patients includes imaging before and after ablative treatment using different noninvasive and invasive techniques such as conventional angiography, transoesophageal and intracardiac echocardiography, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which offer different information with variable diagnostic accuracy. Evaluation before percutaneous ablation involves assessment of PVs (PV pattern, branching pattern, orientation and ostial size) to facilitate position and size of catheters and reduce procedure time as well as examining the left atrium (presence of thrombi, dimensions and volumes). Imaging after the percutaneous ablation is important for assessment of overall success of the procedure and revealing potential complications. Therefore, imaging methods enable depiction of PVs and the anatomy of surrounding structures essential for preprocedural management and early detection of PV stenosis and other ablation-related procedures, as well as long-term follow-up of these patients.
Literatur
1.
Haissaguerre M, Shah DC, Jais P et al (2000) Electrophysiological breakthroughs from the left atrium to the pulmonary veins. Circulation 102:2463–2465PubMed
2.
Scheinman MM, Morady F (2001) Nonpharmacological approaches to atrial fibrillation. Circulation 103:2120–2125PubMed
3.
Haissaguerre M, Jais P, Shah DC et al (1998) Spontaneous initiation of atrial fibrillation by ectopic beats originating in the pulmonary veins. N Engl J Med 339:659–666CrossRefPubMed
4.
Keane D (2002) New catheter ablation techniques for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. Car Electrophysiol Rev 6:341–348CrossRefPubMed
5.
Haissaguerre M, Jais P, Shah DC et al (1996) Right and left atrial radiofrequency catheter therapy of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electorophysiol 7:1132–1144
6.
Dill T, Neumann T, Ekinci O et al (2003) Pulmonary vein diameter reduction after radiofrequency catheter ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation evaluated by contrast-enhanced three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging. Circulation 107:845–850 DOI:10.1161/01.CIR.0000048146.81336.1DCrossRefPubMed
7.
Chen SA, Tai CT, Yu WC et al (1999) Right atrial focal atrial fibrillation: electrophysiological characteristics and radiofrequency catheter ablation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 10:328–335PubMedADS
8.
Ravenel JG, McAdams HP (2002) Pulmonary venous infarction after radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation. Am J Roentgenol 178(3):664–666
9.
Nilsson B, Chen X, Pehrson S et al (2004) Acute fatal pulmonary vein occlusion after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 11(2):127–130CrossRefPubMed
10.
Sonmez B, Demirsoy E, Zagan N et al (2003) A fatal complication due to radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation: atrio-oesophageal fistula. Ann Thorac Surg 76:281–283CrossRefPubMed
11.
Deisenhofer I, Schneider MAE, Bohlen-Knauf M et al (2003) Circumferential mapping and electric isolation of pulmonary veins in patients with atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 91:159–163CrossRefPubMed
12.
Yu WC, Hsu TL, Tai CT et al (2001) Acquired pulmonary vein stenosis after radiofrequency catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 12:887–892CrossRefPubMed
13.
Ren JF, Marchlinski FE, Callans DJ (2004) Left atrial thrombus associated with ablation for atrial fibrillation: identification with intracardiac echocardiography. J Am Coll Cardiol 43(10):1861–1867CrossRefPubMed
14.
Lacomis MJ, Wigginton W, Fuhrman C, Schwrzman D, Armfeld RD, Pealer KM (2003) Multi-detector row CT of the left atrium and pulmonary veins before radio-frequency catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation. Radiographics 23:S35–S48PubMed
15.
Maksimović R, Cademartiri F, Scholten M, Jordaens LJ, Pattynama PMT (2004) 16-row multislice computed tomography in the assessment of pulmonary veins prior to ablative treatment: validation versus conventional pulmonary venography and study of reproducibility. Eur Radiol 14(3):369–374CrossRefPubMed
16.
Vonken EP, Velthuis BK, Wittkampf FH, Rensing BJ, Derksen R, Cramer MJ (2003) Contrast-enhanced MRA and 3D visualization of pulmonary venous anatomy to assist radiofrequency catheter ablation. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 5(4):545–551CrossRefPubMed
17.
Tanabe Y, Deguchi Y, Handa S et al (2001) Longer longitudinal atrial dimension in patients with idiopathic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: a possible cause of atrial fibrillation. Am Heart J 142:669–678CrossRefPubMed
18.
Jais P, Sanders P, Hsu LF, Hocini M, Haissaguerre M (2005) Catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation. Heart 91:7–9 DOI 10.1136/hrt.2003.030205CrossRefPubMed
19.
Haissaguerre M, Jais P, Shah DC et al (2000) Electrophysiological end point for catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation initiated from multiple pulmonary vein. Circulation 101:1409–1417PubMed
20.
Jais P, Hocini M, Macle L et al (2002) Distinctive electrophysiological properties of pulmonary veins in patients with atrial fibrillation. Circulation 106:2479–2485CrossRefPubMed
21.
Ho SY (2003) Pulmonary vein ablation in atrial fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 14:156–157PubMedCrossRef
22.
Fynn SP, Kalman JM (2004) Pulmonary veins: anatomy, electrophysiology, tachycardia, and fibrillation. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 27(11):1547–1559CrossRefPubMed
23.
Jais P, Hocini M, Sacher F, Clementy J, Haissaguerre M (2004) The place of ablation in the treatment of atrial fibrillation: where are we and where are we going? Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 97(11):1071–1077PubMed
24.
Pappone C, Rosanio S, Oreto G et al (2001) Prospects of the treatment of atrial fibrillation. Circumferential radiofrequency ablation of pulmonary vein ostia. Recenti Prog Med 2(9):508–512
25.
Chen SA, Hsieh MH, Tai CT et al (1999) Initiation of atrial fibrillation by ectopic beats originating from the pulmonary veins: electrophysiologic characteristics, pharamacologic response, and effects of radiofrequency ablation. Circulation 100:1879–1886PubMed
26.
Oral H, Knight B, Tada H et al (2002) Pulmonary vein isolation for paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation. Circulation 105:1077–1081CrossRefPubMed
27.
Timmermans C, Rodriguez LM, Van Suylen RJ et al (2002) Catheter-based cryoablation produces permanent bidirectional cavotricuspid isthmus conduction block in dogs. J Interv Cardiac Electrophysiol 7(2):149–155CrossRef
28.
Tse HF, Reek S, Timmermans C et al (2003) Pulmonary vein isolation using transvenous catheter cryoablation for treatment of atrial fibrillation without risk of pulmonary vein stenosis. J Am Coll Cardiol 20;42(4):752–758CrossRef
29.
Wong T, Markides V, Peters NS, Davies D (2004) Percutaneous pulmonary vein cryoablation to treat atrial fibrillation. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 11(2):117–126CrossRefPubMed
30.
Maksimovi R, Cademartiri F, Scholten M, Jordaens LJ, Pattynama PMT (2005) 16-row multi slice computed tomography of pulmonary veins: three months follow-up after treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation with cryothermal ablation. Eur Radiol 15(6):1122–1127CrossRefPubMed
31.
Natale A, Pisano E, Scewichik J et al (2000) First human experience with pulmonary vein isolation using a through the balloon circumferential ultrasound ablation system for recurrent atrial fibrillation. Curculation 102:1879–1882
32.
Whayne JG, Nath S, Haines D (1994) Microwave catheter ablation of myocardium in vitro. Assessment of the characteristics of tissue heating and injury. Circulation 89:2390–2395PubMed
33.
Pappone C, Rosanio S, Oreto G et al (2000) Circumferential radiofrequency ablation of pulmonary vein ostia. A new anatomic approach for curing atrial fibrillation. Circulation 102:2619–2628PubMed
34.
Packer DL, Keelan P, Munger TM et al (2005) Clinical presentation, investigation, and management of pulmonary vein stenosis complicating ablation for atrial fibrillation. Circulation 8;111(5):546–554CrossRef
35.
Arentz T, Jander N, von Rosenthal J et al (2003) Incidence of pulmonary vein stenosis 2 years after radiofrequency catheter ablation of refractory atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J 24:963–969 DOI: 10.1016/S0195-668x(03)00002-2CrossRefPubMed
36.
Cabrera JA, Sanchez-Quintana D, Farre J et al (2002) Ultrasonic characterization of the pulmonary venous wall: echocardiographic and histological correlation. Circulation 106:968–973CrossRefPubMed
37.
Wood MA, Wittkamp M, Henry D et al (2004) A Comparison of pulmonary vein ostial anatomy by computerized tomography, echocardiography, and venography in patients with atrial fibrillation having radiofrequency catheter ablation. Am J Cardiol 93:49–53CrossRefPubMed
38.
Mansour M, Holmvang G, Sosnovik D et al (2004) Assessment of pulmonary vein anatomic variability by magnetic resonance imaging: implications for catheter ablation techniques for atrial fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 15:387–393 DOI:10.1046/J.1540-8167.2004.03515.xCrossRefPubMed
39.
Dickfeld T, Calkins H, Zwim M et al (2003) Anatomic stereotactic catheter ablation on three-dimensional magnetic resonance images in real time. Circulation 11:2407–2413CrossRef
40.
Solomone SB, Dickefeld T, Calkins H (2003) Real-time cardiac catheter navigation on three-dimensional CT images. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 8:27–36CrossRefPubMed
41.
Kalender W, Schmidt B, Zankl M, Schmidt M (1999) A PC program for estimating organ and effective dose values in computed tomography. Eur Radiol 9(3):555–562CrossRefPubMed
42.
1990 Recommendation of the International Commissions on Radiological Protection (1991) ICRP Publication 60. Annals of ICRP 21
43.
Jongbloed MR, Dirksen MS, Bax JJ et al (2005) Atrial fibrillation: multi-detector row CT of pulmonary vein anatomy prior to radiofrequency catheter ablation-initial experience. Radiology 234(3):702–709PubMed
44.
Burgstahler C, Trabold T, Kuettner A et al (2005) Visualization of pulmonary vein stenosis after radio frequency ablation using multi-slice computed tomography: initial clinical experience in 33 patients. Int J Cardiol 10;102(2):287–291CrossRef
45.
Ghaye B, Szapiro D, Dacher JN et al (2003) Percutaneous ablation for atrial fibrillation: the role of cross-sectional imaging. Radiographics S19–S33
46.
Marom EM, Herndon JE, Kim YH, McAdams HP (2004) Variations in pulmonary venous drainage to the left atrium: implications for radiofrequency ablation. Radiology 230(3):824–829PubMed
47.
Kato R, Lickfett L, Meininger G et al (2003) Pulmonary vein anatomy in patients undergoing catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. Lessons learned by use of magnetic resonance imaging. Circulation 107:2004–2010 DOI: 10.1161/ 01.CIR.00000610951. 81767.4ECrossRefPubMed
48.
Tsao HM, Wu MH, Yu WC et al (2001) Role of right middle pulmonary vein in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 12:1353–1357CrossRefPubMed
49.
Grimaldi M, Pitzalis MV, Rizzon P (2002) Electrical conduction between the pulmonary veins: Electrical connection or common ostium? Circulation 105:e62PubMed
50.
Takahashi A, Iesaka Y, Takahashi Y et al (2002) Electrical connections between pulmonary veins. Implication for ostial ablation of pulmonary veins in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Circulation 105:2998–3003CrossRefPubMed
51.
Lickfett L, Kato R, Tandri H et al (2004) Characterization of a new pulmonary vein variant using magnetic resonance angiography: incidence, imaging and interventional implications of the “right top pulmonary vein”. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 15:538–543 DOI:10.1046/J.1540-8167.2004.03499.xPubMedCrossRef
52.
Jongbloed MR, Bax JJ, Lamb HJ et al (2005) Multislice computed tomography versus intracardiac echocardiography to evaluate the pulmonary veins before radiofrequency catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: a head-to-head comparison. J Am Coll Cardiol 1;45(3):343–350CrossRef
53.
Scharf C, Sneider M, Case I et al (2003) Anatomy of the pulmonary veins in patients with atrial fibrillation and effects of segmental ostial ablation analyzed by computed tomography. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 14:150–155PubMedCrossRef
54.
Cirillo S, Bonamini R, Gaita F et al (2004) Magnetic resonance angiography virtual endoscopy in the assessment of pulmonary veins before radiofrequency ablation procedures for atrial fibrillation. Eur Radiol 14:2053–2060 DOI:10.1007/S00330-004-2406-1CrossRefPubMed
55.
Ho SY, Sanchez-Quintana D, Cabrera JA, Anderson RH (1999) Anatomy of the left atrium: implications for radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 10(11):1525–1533PubMed
56.
Hauser TH, McClennen S, Katsimaglis G, Josephson ME, Manning WJ, Yeon (2004) Assessment of left atrial volume by contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiography. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 6(2):491–497CrossRefPubMed
57.
Choi SI, Seo JB, Choi SH et al (2005) Variation of the size of pulmonary venous ostia during the cardiac cycle: optimal reconstruction window at ECG-gated multi-detector row CT. Eur Radiol 5(7):1441–1445CrossRef
58.
Schwartzman D, Lacomis J, Wigginton WG (2003) Characterization of left atrium and distal pulmonary vein morphology using multidimensional computed tomography. J Am Coll Cardiol 41:1349–1357CrossRefPubMed
59.
Lin WS, Prakash VS, Tai CT et al (2000) Pulmonary vein morphology in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation initiated by ectopic beats originating from the pulmonary veins - implications for catheter ablation. Circulation 101:1274–1281PubMed
60.
Perez-Lugones A, Schvartzman PR, Schweikert R et al (2003) Three-dimensional reconstruction of pulmonary veins in patients with atrial fibrillation and controls: morphological characteristics of different veins. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 26(1 Pt 1):8–15CrossRefPubMed
61.
Raman SV, Ng VY, Neff MA et al (2005) Volumetric cine CMR to quantify atrial strucutre and function in patients with atrial dysrhythmias. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 7:539–543PubMed
62.
Wittkampf FH, Vonken EJ, Derksen R et al (2003) Pulmonary vein ostium geometry: analysis by magnetic resonance angiography. Circulation 107:21–23CrossRefPubMed
63.
Ren JF, Marchlinski FE, Callans DJ, Zado ES (2002) Intracardiac Doppler echocardiographic quantification of pulmonary vein flow velocity: an effective technique for monitoring pulmonary vein ostia narrowing during focal atrial fibrillation ablation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 13:1076–1081CrossRefPubMed
64.
Jarvinen V, Kupari M, Hekali P, Poutanen V (1994) Assessment of left atrial volumes and phasic function using cine magnetic resonance imaging in normal subjects. Am J Cardiol 73:1135–1138CrossRefPubMed
65.
Wu TJ, Doshi RN, Huang HLA et al (2002) Simultaneous biatrial computerized mapping during permanent atrial fibrillation in patients with organic heart diseases. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 13:571–577CrossRefPubMed
66.
Monnig G, Wessling J, Juergens KU et al (2005) Further evidence of a close anatomical relation between the oesophagus and pulmonary veins. Europace 7(6):540–545CrossRefPubMed
67.
Lemola K, Sneider M, Desjardins B (2004) Computed tomographic analysis of the anatomy of the left atrium and the oesophagus - implications for left atrial catheter ablation. Circulation 110:3655–3660 DOI:10.1161/01.CIR.0000149714.31471CrossRefPubMed
68.
Purerfellner H, Cihal R, Aichinger J, Martinek M, Nesser HJ (2003) Pulmonary vein stenosis by ostial irrigated-tip ablation: incidence, time course, and prediction. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 14:158–164PubMedCrossRef
69.
Kluge A, Dill A, Ekinci O et al (2004) Decreased pulmonary perfusion in pulmonary vein stenosis after radiofrequency ablation - assessment with dynamic magnetic resonance perfusion imaging. Chest 126:428–437CrossRefPubMed
70.
Yang M, Akbari H, Reddy G, Higgins CB (2001) Identification of pulmonary vein stenosis after radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation using MRI. J Comput Assist Tomogr 20(5):782–785
71.
Pappone C, Oreto G, Rosario S et al (2001) Atrial electroanatomic remodelling after circumferential radiofrequency pulmonary vein ablation. Efficacy of an anatomic approach in a large cohort of patients with atrial fibrillation. Circulation 104:2539–2555PubMed
72.
Schwartzman D, Ren JF, Devine WA, Callans DJ (2001) Cardiac swelling associated with linear radiofrequency ablation in the atrium. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2:159–166CrossRef
73.
Saad EB, Marrouche NF, Natale A (2002) Ablation of atrial fibrillation. Curr Cardiol Rep 4(5):379–387PubMed
74.
Berkowitsch A, Neumann T, Ekinci O et al (2005) A decrease in pulmonary vein diameter after radiofrequency ablation predicts the development of severe stenosis. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 28(Suppl 1):S83–85CrossRefPubMed
75.
Arentz T, Weber R, Jander N et al (2005) Pulmonary haemodynamics at rest and during exercise in patients with significant pulmonary vein stenosis after radiofrequency catheter ablation for drug resistant atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J 26(14):1410–1414CrossRefPubMed
76.
Ley S, Kreitner KF, Fink C, Heussel CP, Borst MM, Kauczor HU (2004) Assessment of pulmonary hypertension by CT and MR imaging. Eur Radiol 14:359–368 DOI:10.1007/s00330-003-2208-xCrossRefPubMed
77.
Wu CC, Tai CT, Lin YK, Tsao HM, Yu WC, Chen SA (2001) Pulmonary vein dissection during mapping of atrial fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 12(4):505CrossRefPubMed
78.
Vance MS, Bernstein R, Ross BA (2002) Successful stent treatment of pulmonary vein stenosis following atrial fibrillation radofrequency ablation. J Invasive Cardiol 14:414–416PubMed
79.
Querishi A, Prieto LR, Latson LA et al (2003) Transcatheter angioplasty for acquired pulmonary vein stenosis after radiofrequency ablation. Circulation 108:1336–1342CrossRefPubMed
80.
Pappone C, Oral H, Santinelli V et al (2004) Atrio-oesophageal fistula as a complication of percutaneous transcatheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. Circulation 109:2724–2726CrossRefPubMed
81.
Doll N, Borger MA, Fabricius A et al (2003) Esophageal perforation during left atrial radiofrequency ablation: Is the risk too high? J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 125(4):836–842CrossRefPubMed
82.
Lemola K, Sneider M, Desjardins B et al (2004) Effects of left atrial ablation of atrial fibrillation on size of the left atrium and pulmonary veins. Heart Rhythm 1(5):576–581CrossRefPubMed
83.
Thakur RK, Klein GJ, Yee R, Zardini M (1994) Embolic complications after radiofrequency ablation. Am J Cardiol 74(3):278–279CrossRefPubMed
84.
Cronin P, Kazeroni EA, Kelly AM, Scharf C, Oral H, Morady F (2004) MDCT o the left atrium and pulmonary veins in planning radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation: a how to guide. Am J Radiol 183:767–778
Metadaten
Titel
Imaging in percutaneous ablation for atrial fibrillation
verfasst von
Ružica Maksimović
Thorsten Dill
Arsen D. Ristić
Petar M. Seferović
Publikationsdatum
01.11.2006
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
European Radiology / Ausgabe 11/2006
Print ISSN: 0938-7994
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-1084
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-006-0235-0

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 11/2006

European Radiology 11/2006 Zur Ausgabe

Gastrointestinal

Evaluating bowel wall vascularity in Crohn’s disease: a comparison of dynamic MRI and wideband harmonic imaging contrast-enhanced low MI ultrasound

Gastrointestinal

New coil concept for endoluminal MR imaging

Breast

Dose comparison between screen/film and full-field digital mammography

Interpretation Corner

Unusual cause of persistent abdominal pain in a young girl (2006: 11a)

Chest

Hyperpolarized 3helium magnetic resonance ventilation imaging of the lung in cystic fibrosis: comparison with high resolution CT and spirometry

Pediatric

Acute testicular torsion in children: the role of sonography in the diagnostic workup

Neu im Fachgebiet Radiologie

Darf man die Behandlung eines Neonazis ablehnen?

08.05.2024 Gesellschaft Nachrichten

In einer Leseranfrage in der Zeitschrift Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology möchte ein anonymer Dermatologe bzw. eine anonyme Dermatologin wissen, ob er oder sie einen Patienten behandeln muss, der eine rassistische Tätowierung trägt.

Ein Drittel der jungen Ärztinnen und Ärzte erwägt abzuwandern

07.05.2024 Klinik aktuell Nachrichten

Extreme Arbeitsverdichtung und kaum Supervision: Dr. Andrea Martini, Sprecherin des Bündnisses Junge Ärztinnen und Ärzte (BJÄ) über den Frust des ärztlichen Nachwuchses und die Vorteile des Rucksack-Modells.

Endlich: Zi zeigt, mit welchen PVS Praxen zufrieden sind

IT für Ärzte Nachrichten

Darauf haben viele Praxen gewartet: Das Zi hat eine Liste von Praxisverwaltungssystemen veröffentlicht, die von Nutzern positiv bewertet werden. Eine gute Grundlage für wechselwillige Ärztinnen und Psychotherapeuten.

Akuter Schwindel: Wann lohnt sich eine MRT?

28.04.2024 Schwindel Nachrichten

Akuter Schwindel stellt oft eine diagnostische Herausforderung dar. Wie nützlich dabei eine MRT ist, hat eine Studie aus Finnland untersucht. Immerhin einer von sechs Patienten wurde mit akutem ischämischem Schlaganfall diagnostiziert.

Update Radiologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.

Newsletter bestellen
Bildnachweise