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Erschienen in: Der Ophthalmologe 12/2010

01.12.2010 | Leitthema

Pigmentepithelabhebung bei exsudativer Makuladegeneration

Klinische Charakteristika und therapeutische Optionen

verfasst von: Dr. A. Lommatzsch

Erschienen in: Die Ophthalmologie | Ausgabe 12/2010

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Zusammenfassung

Die vaskularisierte Pigmentepithelabhebungen (PED) ist aufgrund des natürlichen Verlaufs, der besonderen Pathogenese und der Reaktion auf die verschiedenen Behandlungsmethoden als eine spezielle Manifestation der okkulten choroidalen Neovaskularisation (CNV) anzusehen. Dies gilt sowohl für die seröse PED mit okkulter CNV als auch für eine an retinale angiomatöse Proliferationen (RAP) assoziierte PED. Der Einriss des retinalen Pigmentepithels (RPE) stellt eine schwerwiegende Komplikation der vaskularisierten PED dar und geht häufig mit einer akuten Sehminderung einher, die nicht selten mit subretinalen Massenblutungen verbunden ist. Der zugrunde liegende Pathomechanismus, der zum Einriss des RPE führt, ist letztlich noch nicht geklärt. Der Vorstellung eines Platzens der PED aufgrund eines erhöhten Drucks steht die Theorie der narbigen Schrumpfung der CNV mit sekundärem Riss im RPE gegenüber. Die Anti-VEGF-Therapie ist gegenwärtig die Therapie der Wahl. Die anfängliche Stabilisierung der Sehschärfe ist in den Langzeitbeobachtungen nicht nachweisbar, und es kommt nach 2 Jahren zu einer signifikanten Abnahme der Sehschärfe. Auch das optimale Behandlungsschema mit einer Anti-VEGF-Therapie und die Wiederbehandlungskriterien sind weiterhin ungeklärt. Nach gegenwärtigem Stand scheinen Visusverschlechterung sowie sub- und intraretinale Flüssigkeit Indikationen für eine wirkungsvolle Behandlung zu sein. Hierbei werden die weiteren Erkenntnisse durch die hoch auflösende OCT-Bildgebung sicher hilfreich sein.
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Metadaten
Titel
Pigmentepithelabhebung bei exsudativer Makuladegeneration
Klinische Charakteristika und therapeutische Optionen
verfasst von
Dr. A. Lommatzsch
Publikationsdatum
01.12.2010
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Die Ophthalmologie / Ausgabe 12/2010
Print ISSN: 2731-720X
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7218
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00347-010-2143-6

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