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Clinical Research in Cardiology

Erschienen in:

20.11.2019 | Original Paper

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement acutely improves left ventricular mechanical efficiency in severe aortic stenosis: effects of different phenotypes

verfasst von: Paolo N. Marino, G. Binda, E. Calzaducca, A. Panizza, I. Ferrari, I. Bellacosa, G. Ambrosio

Erschienen in: Clinical Research in Cardiology | Ausgabe 7/2020

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Abstract

Aim

Aortic stenosis is a frequent valvular disease, with transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) being performed when surgical replacement is at increased risk. However, TAVI-induced effects on myocardial efficiency are unknown. We aimed to investigate changes in LV mechano-energetic pre-/post-TAVI and their prognostic impact.

Methods

A total of 46 patients (25 males) received transesophageal and simultaneous radial pressure plus transaortic gradient monitoring before/immediately after prosthesis deployment. Efficiency was computed as external work/potential energy, as derived from LV pressure–volume plots; myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO₂) was estimated as PWI_mod, i.e. a noninvasively validated alternative for MVO₂ estimation.

Results

TAVI was successful in all patients, peak transaortic gradient decreasing − 40 ± 20 mmHg (p < 0.001). Efficiency improved post-TAVI (+ 0.6 ± 0.12; p = 0.004), with a concomitant PWI_mod reduction (− 16 ± 31%; p < 0.001). When contextualized to fixed PWI_mod value (5 ml/min/100 g), efficiency significantly affected survival (p = 0.029). Over 1026 ± 450-day follow-up, a change in efficiency pre-/post-TAVI ≤ 0.021 (median of the difference) predicted more deaths from any cause (30%) as compared with a change > 0.021 (17%), particularly in those patients with a pre-TAVI mean high-gradient (HG ≥ 40 mmHg) phenotype (p < 0.05). In particular, HG patients exhibited the lowest efficiency/PWI_mod ratio pre-/post-TAVI (p = 0.048), relative to the other aortic stenosis patients, suggestive of an unfavourable matching between cardiac function and metabolic demand, which foreshortens some intrinsic damaged muscle condition in these patients.

Conclusion

LV mechanical efficiency improves immediately post-TAVI, notwithstanding an inhomogeneous mechano-energetic matching among the aortic stenosis patients, which can impact negatively on their long-term prognosis, particularly in those with the HG phenotype.

Graphic abstract

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Titel: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement acutely improves left ventricular mechanical efficiency in severe aortic stenosis: effects of different phenotypes
verfasst von: Paolo N. Marino
G. Binda
E. Calzaducca
A. Panizza
I. Ferrari
I. Bellacosa
G. Ambrosio
Publikationsdatum: 20.11.2019
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: Clinical Research in Cardiology / Ausgabe 7/2020
Print ISSN: 1861-0684
Elektronische ISSN: 1861-0692
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00392-019-01570-3

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Abstract

Aim

Methods

Results

Conclusion

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