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24.09.2019 | Original Paper

The active contribution of OPCs to neuroinflammation is mediated by LRP1

verfasst von: Anthony Fernández-Castañeda, Megan S. Chappell, Dorian A Rosen, Scott M. Seki, Rebecca M. Beiter, David M. Johanson, Delaney Liskey, Emily Farber, Suna Onengut-Gumuscu, Christopher C. Overall, Jeffrey L. Dupree, Alban Gaultier

Erschienen in: Acta Neuropathologica | Ausgabe 2/2020

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Abstract

Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) account for about 5% of total brain and spinal cord cells, giving rise to myelinating oligodendrocytes that provide electrical insulation to neurons of the CNS. OPCs have also recently been shown to regulate inflammatory responses and glial scar formation, suggesting functions that extend beyond myelination. Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) is a multifaceted phagocytic receptor that is highly expressed in several CNS cell types, including OPCs. Here, we have generated an oligodendroglia-specific knockout of LRP1, which presents with normal myelin development, but is associated with better outcomes in two animal models of demyelination (EAE and cuprizone). At a mechanistic level, LRP1 did not directly affect OPC differentiation into mature oligodendrocytes. Instead, animals lacking LRP1 in OPCs in the demyelinating CNS were characterized by a robust dampening of inflammation. In particular, LRP1-deficient OPCs presented with impaired antigen cross-presentation machinery, suggesting a failure to propagate the inflammatory response and thus promoting faster myelin repair and neuroprotection. Our study places OPCs as major regulators of neuroinflammation in an LRP1-dependent fashion.

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Titel: The active contribution of OPCs to neuroinflammation is mediated by LRP1
verfasst von: Anthony Fernández-Castañeda
Megan S. Chappell
Dorian A Rosen
Scott M. Seki
Rebecca M. Beiter
David M. Johanson
Delaney Liskey
Emily Farber
Suna Onengut-Gumuscu
Christopher C. Overall
Jeffrey L. Dupree
Alban Gaultier
Publikationsdatum: 24.09.2019
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: Acta Neuropathologica / Ausgabe 2/2020
Print ISSN: 0001-6322
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-0533
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-019-02073-1

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