Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 4/2009

01.04.2009 | Original Article

Interobserver variability of modified Ferriman–Gallwey hirsutism score in a Turkish population

verfasst von: Murat Api, Beyhan Badoglu, Aysu Akca, Olus Api, Husnu Gorgen, Ahmet Cetin

Erschienen in: Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics | Ausgabe 4/2009

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Objective

The aim of the study was to evaluate the interobserver variability of modified Ferriman–Gallwey (mFG) hirsutism scores on each body area in a Turkish population.

Design

A cross-sectional study of simultaneous mFG scoring design was used. Observers did not make any interview with the subjects and were masked to the previous score results. Analyses included percentage of agreement, kappa coefficients, the Bland and Altman plot, confidence intervals, minimum and maximum kappa coefficients.

Setting

The study was performed at a teaching and research hospital.

Patients

Hundred and twenty-one Turkish women without any complaints of excessive body hair were studied.

Interventions

Interventions included two special trained physicians, simultaneous and independent mFG scoring.

Main outcome measures

The main outcome measures were mFG scores in each body area.

Results

Agreement analysis demonstrated that the scores of the two physicians were quite concordant. The mean kappa value for nine body area was 0.744 and the highest kappa values from the upper back and the lowest kappa values from the upper lip revealed к = 0.847, к = 0.585, respectively. The highest (upper lip) and the lowest (arm) mean range scores for the two researchers among the 9 areas were 1.46–1.55 and 0.17–0.12, respectively. Only 68.6 and 67.8% of the mFG scores observed by each of the two observers were equal or below 8.

Conclusion

The mFG scoring system was found to be clinically useful. The upper lip was observed to have the highest score of androgen sensitive area of the body as well as the highest interobserver variability. The cut-off value to establish the diagnosis of hirsutism should be population-specific.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Ferriman D, Gallwey JD (1961) Clinical assessment of body hair growth in women. J Clin Endocrinol 21:1440–1447 Ferriman D, Gallwey JD (1961) Clinical assessment of body hair growth in women. J Clin Endocrinol 21:1440–1447
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Kelestimur F, Everest H, Unluhizarci K, Bayram F, Sahin Y (2004) A comparison between spironolactone and spironolactone plus finasteride in the treatment of hirsutism. Eur J Endocrinol 150:351–354. doi:10.1530/eje.0.1500351 PubMedCrossRef Kelestimur F, Everest H, Unluhizarci K, Bayram F, Sahin Y (2004) A comparison between spironolactone and spironolactone plus finasteride in the treatment of hirsutism. Eur J Endocrinol 150:351–354. doi:10.​1530/​eje.​0.​1500351 PubMedCrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Sert M, Tetiker T, Kirim S (2003) Comparison of the efficiency of anti-androgenic regimens consisting of spironolactone, Diane 35, and cyproterone acetate in hirsutism. Acta Med Okayama 57:73–76PubMed Sert M, Tetiker T, Kirim S (2003) Comparison of the efficiency of anti-androgenic regimens consisting of spironolactone, Diane 35, and cyproterone acetate in hirsutism. Acta Med Okayama 57:73–76PubMed
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Muderris II, Bayram F, Guven M (2000) A prospective, randomized trial comparing flutamide (250 mg/d) and finasteride (5 mg/d) in the treatment of hirsutism. Fertil Steril 73:984–987. doi:10.1016/S0015-0282(00)00470-2 Muderris II, Bayram F, Guven M (2000) A prospective, randomized trial comparing flutamide (250 mg/d) and finasteride (5 mg/d) in the treatment of hirsutism. Fertil Steril 73:984–987. doi:10.​1016/​S0015-0282(00)00470-2
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Bayram F, Muderris II, Guven M, Kelestimur F (2002) Comparison of high-dose finasteride (5 mg/day) versus low-dose finasteride (2.5 mg/day) in the treatment of hirsutism. Eur J Endocrinol 147:467–471. doi:10.1530/eje.0.1470467 Bayram F, Muderris II, Guven M, Kelestimur F (2002) Comparison of high-dose finasteride (5 mg/day) versus low-dose finasteride (2.5 mg/day) in the treatment of hirsutism. Eur J Endocrinol 147:467–471. doi:10.​1530/​eje.​0.​1470467
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Hartz AJ, Barboriak PN, Wong A, Katayama KP, Rimm AA (1979) The association of obesity with infertility and related menstrual abnormalities in women. Int J Obesity Int J Obes 3:57–73 Hartz AJ, Barboriak PN, Wong A, Katayama KP, Rimm AA (1979) The association of obesity with infertility and related menstrual abnormalities in women. Int J Obesity Int J Obes 3:57–73
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Sonino N, Fava GA, Mani E, Belluardo P, Boscaro M (1993) Quality of life of hirsute women. Postgrad Med 69:186–189CrossRef Sonino N, Fava GA, Mani E, Belluardo P, Boscaro M (1993) Quality of life of hirsute women. Postgrad Med 69:186–189CrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Ferriman D, Gallwey JD (1961) Clinical assessment of body hair growth in women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 21:1440–1447PubMed Ferriman D, Gallwey JD (1961) Clinical assessment of body hair growth in women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 21:1440–1447PubMed
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Lorenzo EM (1970) Familial study of hirsutism. J Clin Endocrinol 31:556–564CrossRef Lorenzo EM (1970) Familial study of hirsutism. J Clin Endocrinol 31:556–564CrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Hatch R, Rosenfield RL, Kim MH, Tredway D (1981) Hirsutism: implications, etiology, and management. Am J Obstet Gynecol 140:815–830PubMed Hatch R, Rosenfield RL, Kim MH, Tredway D (1981) Hirsutism: implications, etiology, and management. Am J Obstet Gynecol 140:815–830PubMed
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Redmond GP (1995) Clinical evaluation of the woman with an androgenic disorder. In: Redmond GP (ed) Androgenic disorders. Raven Press, New York, pp 1–20 Redmond GP (1995) Clinical evaluation of the woman with an androgenic disorder. In: Redmond GP (ed) Androgenic disorders. Raven Press, New York, pp 1–20
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Tellez R, Frenkel J (1995) Clinical evaluation of body hair in healthy women. Rev Med Chil 123(11):1349–1354PubMed Tellez R, Frenkel J (1995) Clinical evaluation of body hair in healthy women. Rev Med Chil 123(11):1349–1354PubMed
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Hatch R, Rosenfield RL, Kim MH, Tredway D (1981) Hirsutism: implications, etiology, and management. Am J Obstet Gynecol 140:815–830PubMed Hatch R, Rosenfield RL, Kim MH, Tredway D (1981) Hirsutism: implications, etiology, and management. Am J Obstet Gynecol 140:815–830PubMed
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Knochenhauer ES, Key TJ, Kahsar-Miller M, Waggoner W, Boots LR, Azziz R (1998) Prevalence of the polycystic ovarian syndrome in unselected black and white women of the Southeastern United States: a prospective study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 83:3078–3082. doi:10.1210/jc.83.9.3078 PubMedCrossRef Knochenhauer ES, Key TJ, Kahsar-Miller M, Waggoner W, Boots LR, Azziz R (1998) Prevalence of the polycystic ovarian syndrome in unselected black and white women of the Southeastern United States: a prospective study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 83:3078–3082. doi:10.​1210/​jc.​83.​9.​3078 PubMedCrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Aono T, Miyazaki M, Miyake A, Kinugasa T, Kurachi K, Matsumoto K (1977) Responses of serum gonadotrophins to LH-releasing hormone and oestrogens in Japanese women with polycystic ovaries. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 85:840–849 Aono T, Miyazaki M, Miyake A, Kinugasa T, Kurachi K, Matsumoto K (1977) Responses of serum gonadotrophins to LH-releasing hormone and oestrogens in Japanese women with polycystic ovaries. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 85:840–849
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Ewing JA, Rouse BA (1978) Hirsutism, race and testosterone levels: comparison of east Asians and Euroamericans. Hum Biol 50:209–215PubMed Ewing JA, Rouse BA (1978) Hirsutism, race and testosterone levels: comparison of east Asians and Euroamericans. Hum Biol 50:209–215PubMed
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Wild RA, Veseley S, Bebee L, Whitsett T, Owen W (2005) Ferriman Gallwey self scoring I: performance assessment in women with policystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endoc Methods 90(7):4112–4114. doi:10.1210/jc.2004-2243 CrossRef Wild RA, Veseley S, Bebee L, Whitsett T, Owen W (2005) Ferriman Gallwey self scoring I: performance assessment in women with policystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endoc Methods 90(7):4112–4114. doi:10.​1210/​jc.​2004-2243 CrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhao JL, Chen ZJ, Shi YH, Geng L, Ma ZX, Li Y et al (2007) Investigation of body hair assessment of Chinese women in Shandong region and its preliminary application in polycystic ovary syndrome patients. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi 42(9):590–594PubMed Zhao JL, Chen ZJ, Shi YH, Geng L, Ma ZX, Li Y et al (2007) Investigation of body hair assessment of Chinese women in Shandong region and its preliminary application in polycystic ovary syndrome patients. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi 42(9):590–594PubMed
26.
Zurück zum Zitat DeUgarte CM, Woods KS, Bartolucci AA, Azziz R (2006) Degree of facial and body terminal hair growth in unselected black and white women: toward a populational definition of hirsutism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 91(4):1345–1350. doi:10.1210/jc.2004-2301 PubMedCrossRef DeUgarte CM, Woods KS, Bartolucci AA, Azziz R (2006) Degree of facial and body terminal hair growth in unselected black and white women: toward a populational definition of hirsutism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 91(4):1345–1350. doi:10.​1210/​jc.​2004-2301 PubMedCrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Interobserver variability of modified Ferriman–Gallwey hirsutism score in a Turkish population
verfasst von
Murat Api
Beyhan Badoglu
Aysu Akca
Olus Api
Husnu Gorgen
Ahmet Cetin
Publikationsdatum
01.04.2009
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics / Ausgabe 4/2009
Print ISSN: 0932-0067
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-0711
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-008-0747-8

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 4/2009

Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 4/2009 Zur Ausgabe

Hirsutismus bei PCOS: Laser- und Lichttherapien helfen

26.04.2024 Hirsutismus Nachrichten

Laser- und Lichtbehandlungen können bei Frauen mit polyzystischem Ovarialsyndrom (PCOS) den übermäßigen Haarwuchs verringern und das Wohlbefinden verbessern – bei alleiniger Anwendung oder in Kombination mit Medikamenten.

ICI-Therapie in der Schwangerschaft wird gut toleriert

Müssen sich Schwangere einer Krebstherapie unterziehen, rufen Immuncheckpointinhibitoren offenbar nicht mehr unerwünschte Wirkungen hervor als andere Mittel gegen Krebs.

Weniger postpartale Depressionen nach Esketamin-Einmalgabe

Bislang gibt es kein Medikament zur Prävention von Wochenbettdepressionen. Das Injektionsanästhetikum Esketamin könnte womöglich diese Lücke füllen.

Bei RSV-Impfung vor 60. Lebensjahr über Off-Label-Gebrauch aufklären!

22.04.2024 DGIM 2024 Kongressbericht

Durch die Häufung nach der COVID-19-Pandemie sind Infektionen mit dem Respiratorischen Synzytial-Virus (RSV) in den Fokus gerückt. Fachgesellschaften empfehlen eine Impfung inzwischen nicht nur für Säuglinge und Kleinkinder.

Update Gynäkologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert – ganz bequem per eMail.