Patients and methods
Results
Unadjusted analysis
Coagulopathy, antithrombotic therapy |
p
| |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | |||||
n
| % |
n
| % | |||
Operation | Laparoscopic | 4015 | 44.05 | 43,526 | 58.98 | <0.001 |
Open | 5100 | 55.95 | 30,270 | 41.02 | ||
Sex | Male | 8319 | 91.27 | 65,108 | 88.23 | <0.001 |
Female | 796 | 8.73 | 8688 | 11.77 | ||
ASA score | I | 250 | 2.74 | 27,852 | 37.74 | <0.001 |
II | 3911 | 42.91 | 38,318 | 51.92 | ||
III | 4798 | 52.64 | 7470 | 10.12 | ||
IV | 156 | 1.71 | 156 | 0.21 | ||
Defect size | I (<1.5 cm) | 967 | 10.61 | 12,920 | 17.51 | <0.001 |
II (1.5–3 cm) | 4948 | 54.28 | 42,779 | 57.97 | ||
III (>3 cm) | 3200 | 35.11 | 18,097 | 24.52 | ||
Primary op | Yes | 8005 | 87.82 | 66,012 | 89.45 | <0.001 |
No | 1110 | 12.18 | 7784 | 10.55 | ||
Bilateral | Yes | 1180 | 12.95 | 12,223 | 16.56 | <0.001 |
No | 7935 | 87.05 | 61,573 | 83.44 | ||
EHS classification | Medial | 2497 | 28.13 | 20,895 | 28.75 | <0.001 |
Lateral | 4392 | 49.48 | 36,594 | 50.34 | ||
Femoral | 111 | 1.25 | 1158 | 1.59 | ||
Combination | 1877 | 21.14 | 14,043 | 19.32 | ||
Drainage | Yes | 3375 | 37.03 | 17,039 | 23.09 | <0.001 |
No | 5740 | 62.97 | 56,757 | 76.91 |
Coagulopathy, antithrombotic therapy |
p
| |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | |||
Age (years) | Mean ± SD | 71.0 ± 10.6 | 55.6 ± 16.2 | <0.001 |
Coagulopathy, antithrombotic therapy | Total |
p
| ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | |||||||
n
| % |
n
| % |
n
| % | |||
Postoperative bleeding | No | 8759 | 96.09 | 72,971 | 98.88 | 81,730 | 98.58 | <0.001 |
Yes | 356 | 3.91 | 825 | 1.12 | 1181 | 1.42 | ||
Reoperation | No | 8909 | 97.74 | 73,050 | 98.99 | 81,959 | 98.85 | <0.001 |
Yes | 206 | 2.26 | 746 | 1.01 | 952 | 1.15 |
Multivariable analysis of postoperative bleeding in open and endoscopic inguinal hernia repair
Parameter |
p-value | Category | OR | [95 % CI] | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Operation | <0.001 | Laparoscopic versus open | 0.493 | 0.431 | 0.566 |
Coagulopathy, antithrombotic therapy | <0.001 | Yes versus no | 2.001 | 1.723 | 2.323 |
Age | <0.001 | 1.257 | 1.196 | 1.321 | |
ASA score | <0.001 | II versus I | 0.966 | 0.815 | 1.146 |
III versus I | 1.451 | 1.178 | 1.788 | ||
IV versus I | 2.253 | 1.342 | 3.785 | ||
Primary-OP | <0.001 | Yes versus no | 0.749 | 0.632 | 0.888 |
EHS classification | 0.001 | Femoral versus combination | 1.210 | 0.711 | 2.060 |
Lateral versus combination | 1.206 | 1.027 | 1.415 | ||
Medial versus combination | 0.907 | 0.759 | 1.085 | ||
Bilateral | 0.005 | Yes versus no | 1.317 | 1.087 | 1.595 |
Sex | 0.042 | Male versus female | 1.244 | 1.008 | 1.536 |
Defect size | 0.121 | I versus III | 0.883 | 0.721 | 1.083 |
II versus III | 0.871 | 0.761 | 0.995 |
Multivariable analysis of reoperations due to postoperative complications
Parameter |
p-value | Category | OR | [95 % CI] | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bilateral | <0.001 | Yes versus no | 2.168 | 1.826 | 2.574 |
ASA score | <0.001 | II versus I | 0.950 | 0.797 | 1.132 |
III versus I | 1.537 | 1.224 | 1.929 | ||
IV versus I | 2.585 | 1.365 | 4.897 | ||
Coagulopathy, antithrombotic therapy | <0.001 | Yes versus no | 1.561 | 1.299 | 1.874 |
Age | <0.001 | 1.112 | 1.055 | 1.171 | |
Primary op | <0.001 | Yes versus no | 0.681 | 0.562 | 0.825 |
EHS classification | 0.024 | Femoral versus combination | 1.686 | 1.032 | 2.754 |
Lateral versus combination | 1.134 | 0.952 | 1.351 | ||
Medial versus combination | 0.939 | 0.773 | 1.140 | ||
Defect size | 0.024 | I versus III | 0.782 | 0.623 | 0.980 |
II versus III | 0.825 | 0.709 | 0.959 | ||
Operation | 0.031 | Laparoscopic versus open | 0.848 | 0.730 | 0.985 |
Sex | 0.460 | Male versus female | 0.922 | 0.743 | 1.144 |
Multivariable analysis of postoperative bleeding in endoscopic inguinal hernia repair
Parameter |
p-value | Category | OR | [95 % CI] | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coagulopathy, antithrombotic therapy | <0.001 | Yes versus no | 2.110 | 1.619 | 2.749 |
Age | <0.001 | 1.192 | 1.102 | 1.290 | |
EHS classification | <0.001 | Femoral versus combination | 1.459 | 0.647 | 3.293 |
Lateral versus combination | 1.204 | 0.932 | 1.555 | ||
Medial versus combination | 0.690 | 0.502 | 0.949 | ||
ASA score | 0.005 | II versus I | 0.867 | 0.673 | 1.117 |
III versus I | 1.333 | 0.954 | 1.863 | ||
IV versus I | 2.617 | 0.789 | 8.685 | ||
Primary op | 0.012 | Yes versus no | 0.689 | 0.515 | 0.923 |
Defect size | 0.048 | I versus III | 0.682 | 0.480 | 0.967 |
II versus III | 0.787 | 0.629 | 0.986 | ||
Sex | 0.062 | Male versus female | 1.438 | 0.982 | 2.106 |
Bilateral | 0.137 | Yes versus no | 1.186 | 0.947 | 1.484 |
Multivariable analysis of postoperative bleeding in open inguinal hernia repair
Parameter |
p-value | Category | OR | [95 % CI] | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | <0.001 | 1.301 | 1.220 | 1.387 | |
Coagulopathy, antithrombotic therapy | <0.001 | Yes versus no | 1.940 | 1.619 | 2.324 |
ASA score | <0.001 | II versus I | 1.053 | 0.835 | 1.328 |
III versus I | 1.543 | 1.175 | 2.026 | ||
IV versus I | 2.252 | 1.253 | 4.046 | ||
Bilateral | 0.001 | Yes versus no | 1.864 | 1.283 | 2.710 |
Primary op | 0.024 | Yes versus no | 0.785 | 0.637 | 0.968 |
Sex | 0.210 | Male versus female | 1.176 | 0.913 | 1.515 |
EHS classification | 0.292 | Femoral versus combination | 1.064 | 0.526 | 2.154 |
Lateral versus combination | 1.178 | 0.959 | 1.449 | ||
Medial versus combination | 1.019 | 0.818 | 1.270 | ||
Defect size | 0.463 | I versus III | 1.036 | 0.806 | 1.331 |
II versus III | 0.920 | 0.778 | 1.087 |