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Chronifizierung postoperativer Schmerzen

Physiologie, Risikofaktoren und Prävention

verfasst von: PD Dr. H.J. Gerbershagen

Erschienen in: Der Schmerz | Ausgabe 1/2013

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Zusammenfassung

Unter chronischen postoperativen Schmerzen (CPSP) versteht man Schmerzen, die mindestens 3 Monate nach einer Operation persistieren. Sie treten mit einer Häufigkeit von etwa 5–60% auf und führen in ungefähr 1–3% der Fälle zu starken schmerzbedingten Beeinträchtigungen. Die Pathomechanismen, die zur Entwicklung von CPSP führen, sind komplex. Eine Nervenläsion mit neuropathischen Schmerzen kann eine Ursache für CPSP sein, jedoch werden bei vielen CPSP-Patienten keine neuropathischen Schmerzen nachgewiesen. Die periphere und zentrale Sensibilisierung sind die wesentlichen Mechanismen, die eine Chronifizierung akuter postoperativer Schmerzen hervorrufen. Da die CPSP-Therapie häufig schwierig ist, wird versucht, die zentrale Sensibilisierung zu verhindern. Neue Erkenntnisse zur Physiologie der CPSP-Entwicklung, perioperativen Risikofaktoren und Möglichkeiten präventiver Interventionen werden diskutiert.

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Titel: Chronifizierung postoperativer Schmerzen
Physiologie, Risikofaktoren und Prävention
verfasst von: PD Dr. H.J. Gerbershagen
Publikationsdatum: 01.02.2013
Verlag: Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in: Der Schmerz / Ausgabe 1/2013
Print ISSN: 0932-433X
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-2129
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00482-012-1287-5

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