Skip to main content
Erschienen in: AIDS and Behavior 7/2011

01.10.2011 | Original Paper

Informal Care and Reciprocity of Support are Associated with HAART Adherence Among Men in Baltimore, MD, USA

verfasst von: Amy R. Knowlton, Cui Yang, Amy Bohnert, Lawrence Wissow, Geetanjali Chander, Julia A. Arnsten

Erschienen in: AIDS and Behavior | Ausgabe 7/2011

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Research suggests gender differences in interpersonal relationship factors important to health. This study examined relationship factors associated with HAART adherence among men. The sample (n = 154) comprised 95% African Americans and 48% current illicit drug users; 83% reported HAART adherence. Results revealed adherence was associated with comfort level taking HAART in the presence of close friends, and the interaction between informal care (having someone to care for oneself when sick in bed) and reciprocity of support. Among those with informal care, higher reciprocity of support to caregivers was associated with greater adherence. Promoting men’s reciprocity of support to their caregivers and enhancing peer norms of medication taking are important strategies for improving men’s adherence. The findings complement previous findings on relationship factors adversely associated with women’s adherence. Results suggest the merit of interventions targeting men and their informal caregivers, particularly main partners, and gender-specific, contextually tailored strategies to promote HAART adherence.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Di Matteo M. Social support and patient adherence to medical treatment: a meta-analysis. Health Psychol. 2004;23:207–18.CrossRef Di Matteo M. Social support and patient adherence to medical treatment: a meta-analysis. Health Psychol. 2004;23:207–18.CrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Ware NC, Idoko J, Kaaya S, Biraro IA, Wyatt MA, Agbaji O, et al. Explaining adherence success in sub-Saharan Africa: an ethnographic study. PLoS Med. 2009;6(1):e11.PubMedCrossRef Ware NC, Idoko J, Kaaya S, Biraro IA, Wyatt MA, Agbaji O, et al. Explaining adherence success in sub-Saharan Africa: an ethnographic study. PLoS Med. 2009;6(1):e11.PubMedCrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Simoni JM, Huh D, Frick PA, Pearson CR, Andrasik MP, Dunbar PJ, et al. Peer support and pager messaging to promote antiretroviral modifying therapy in Seattle: a randomized controlled trial. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2009;52(4):465–73.PubMedCrossRef Simoni JM, Huh D, Frick PA, Pearson CR, Andrasik MP, Dunbar PJ, et al. Peer support and pager messaging to promote antiretroviral modifying therapy in Seattle: a randomized controlled trial. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2009;52(4):465–73.PubMedCrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Talley RC, Crews JE. Framing the public health of caregiving. Am J Public Health. 2007;97(2):224–8.PubMedCrossRef Talley RC, Crews JE. Framing the public health of caregiving. Am J Public Health. 2007;97(2):224–8.PubMedCrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Wrubel J, Folkman S. What informal caregivers actually do: the caregiving skills of partners of men with AIDS. AIDS Care. 1997;9(6):691–706.CrossRef Wrubel J, Folkman S. What informal caregivers actually do: the caregiving skills of partners of men with AIDS. AIDS Care. 1997;9(6):691–706.CrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Wardlaw LA. Sustaining informal caregivers for persons with AIDS. Fam Soc. 1994;75(6):373–84. Wardlaw LA. Sustaining informal caregivers for persons with AIDS. Fam Soc. 1994;75(6):373–84.
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Knowlton AR, Arnsten JH, Gourevitch MN, Eldred L, Wilkinson JD, Rose CD, et al. Microsocial environmental influences on highly active antiretroviral therapy outcomes among active injection drug users: the role of informal caregiving and household factors. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2007;46(Suppl 2):S110–9.PubMed Knowlton AR, Arnsten JH, Gourevitch MN, Eldred L, Wilkinson JD, Rose CD, et al. Microsocial environmental influences on highly active antiretroviral therapy outcomes among active injection drug users: the role of informal caregiving and household factors. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2007;46(Suppl 2):S110–9.PubMed
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Burton L, Kasper J, Shore A, Cagney K, Laviest T, Cubbin C. The structure of informal care—are there differences by race. Gerontologist. 1995;35:744–52.PubMedCrossRef Burton L, Kasper J, Shore A, Cagney K, Laviest T, Cubbin C. The structure of informal care—are there differences by race. Gerontologist. 1995;35:744–52.PubMedCrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Turner HA, Catania JA, Gagnon J. The prevalence of informal caregiving to persons with AIDS in the United States: caregiver characteristics and their implications. Soc Sci Med. 1994;38(11):1543–52.PubMedCrossRef Turner HA, Catania JA, Gagnon J. The prevalence of informal caregiving to persons with AIDS in the United States: caregiver characteristics and their implications. Soc Sci Med. 1994;38(11):1543–52.PubMedCrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Kiecolt-Glaser JK, Newton TL. Marriage and health: his and hers. Psychol Bull. 2001;127(4):472–503.PubMedCrossRef Kiecolt-Glaser JK, Newton TL. Marriage and health: his and hers. Psychol Bull. 2001;127(4):472–503.PubMedCrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Young J, De GS, Spirig R, Flepp M, Rickenbach M, Furrer H, et al. Stable partnership and progression to AIDS or death in HIV infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy: Swiss HIV cohort study. BMJ. 2004;328(7430):15.PubMedCrossRef Young J, De GS, Spirig R, Flepp M, Rickenbach M, Furrer H, et al. Stable partnership and progression to AIDS or death in HIV infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy: Swiss HIV cohort study. BMJ. 2004;328(7430):15.PubMedCrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Knowlton A, Yang C, Bonhert A, Wissow L, Chander G, Arnsten J. Main partner factors associated with worse HAART adherence among U.S. women. Presented at the annual conference of the Society for Prevention Research, Washington, DC, 28 May 2009. Knowlton A, Yang C, Bonhert A, Wissow L, Chander G, Arnsten J. Main partner factors associated with worse HAART adherence among U.S. women. Presented at the annual conference of the Society for Prevention Research, Washington, DC, 28 May 2009.
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Johnson MO, Catz SL, Remien RH, Rotheram-Borus MJ, Morin SF, Charlebois E, et al. Theory-guided, empirically supported avenues for intervention on HIV medication nonadherence: findings from the Healthy Living Project. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2003;17(12):645–56.PubMedCrossRef Johnson MO, Catz SL, Remien RH, Rotheram-Borus MJ, Morin SF, Charlebois E, et al. Theory-guided, empirically supported avenues for intervention on HIV medication nonadherence: findings from the Healthy Living Project. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2003;17(12):645–56.PubMedCrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Chandola T, Marmot M, Siegrist J. Failed reciprocity in close social relationships and health: findings from the Whitehall II study. J Psychosom Res. 2007;63(4):403–11.PubMedCrossRef Chandola T, Marmot M, Siegrist J. Failed reciprocity in close social relationships and health: findings from the Whitehall II study. J Psychosom Res. 2007;63(4):403–11.PubMedCrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Siegrist J. Social reciprocity and health: new scientific evidence and policy implications. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2005;30(10):1033–8.PubMedCrossRef Siegrist J. Social reciprocity and health: new scientific evidence and policy implications. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2005;30(10):1033–8.PubMedCrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Vaananen A, Buunk BP, Kivimaki M, Pentti J, Vahtera J. When it is better to give than to receive: long-term health effects of perceived reciprocity in support exchange. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2005;89(2):176–93.PubMedCrossRef Vaananen A, Buunk BP, Kivimaki M, Pentti J, Vahtera J. When it is better to give than to receive: long-term health effects of perceived reciprocity in support exchange. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2005;89(2):176–93.PubMedCrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Haylett SA, Stephenson GM, Lefever RM. Covariation in addictive behaviours: a study of addictive orientations using the Shorter PROMIS Questionnaire. Addict Behav. 2004;29(1):61–71.PubMedCrossRef Haylett SA, Stephenson GM, Lefever RM. Covariation in addictive behaviours: a study of addictive orientations using the Shorter PROMIS Questionnaire. Addict Behav. 2004;29(1):61–71.PubMedCrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Rook KS, Pietromonaco PR, Lewis MA. When are dysphoric individuals distressing to others and vice versa—effects of friendship, similarity, and interaction task. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1994;67(3):548–59.PubMedCrossRef Rook KS, Pietromonaco PR, Lewis MA. When are dysphoric individuals distressing to others and vice versa—effects of friendship, similarity, and interaction task. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1994;67(3):548–59.PubMedCrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Newcomb MD, Locker T. Health, social, and psychological consequences of drug use and abuse. In: Sloboda Z, editor. Epidemiology of drug abuse. New York, NY: Springer Publishing; 2005. p. 45–59.CrossRef Newcomb MD, Locker T. Health, social, and psychological consequences of drug use and abuse. In: Sloboda Z, editor. Epidemiology of drug abuse. New York, NY: Springer Publishing; 2005. p. 45–59.CrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Moore RD, Keruly JC, Chaisson RE. Differences in HIV disease progression by injecting drug use in HIV-infected persons in care. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2004;35(1):46–51.PubMedCrossRef Moore RD, Keruly JC, Chaisson RE. Differences in HIV disease progression by injecting drug use in HIV-infected persons in care. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2004;35(1):46–51.PubMedCrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Arnsten JH, Demas PA, Grant RW, Gourevitch MN, Farzodegan H, Howard AA, et al. Impact of active drug use on antiretroviral therapy adherence and viral suppression in HIV-infected drug users. J Gen Intern Med. 2002;17(5):377–81.PubMed Arnsten JH, Demas PA, Grant RW, Gourevitch MN, Farzodegan H, Howard AA, et al. Impact of active drug use on antiretroviral therapy adherence and viral suppression in HIV-infected drug users. J Gen Intern Med. 2002;17(5):377–81.PubMed
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Knowlton A, Arnsten J, Eldred L, Wilkinson J, Gourevitch M, Shade S, et al. Individual, interpersonal, and structural correlates of effective HAART use among urban active injection drug users. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2006;41(4):486–92.PubMedCrossRef Knowlton A, Arnsten J, Eldred L, Wilkinson J, Gourevitch M, Shade S, et al. Individual, interpersonal, and structural correlates of effective HAART use among urban active injection drug users. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2006;41(4):486–92.PubMedCrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Anderson E. Code of the street: decency, violence and the moral life of the inner city. New York: W.W. Norton; 1999. Anderson E. Code of the street: decency, violence and the moral life of the inner city. New York: W.W. Norton; 1999.
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Knowlton AR. Informal HIV caregiving in a vulnerable population: toward a network resource framework. Soc Sci Med. 2003;56(6):1307–20.PubMedCrossRef Knowlton AR. Informal HIV caregiving in a vulnerable population: toward a network resource framework. Soc Sci Med. 2003;56(6):1307–20.PubMedCrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Newsom JT, Nishishiba M, Morgan DL, Rook KS. The relative importance of three domains of positive and negative social exchanges: a longitudinal model with comparable measures. Psychol Aging. 2003;18(4):746–54.PubMedCrossRef Newsom JT, Nishishiba M, Morgan DL, Rook KS. The relative importance of three domains of positive and negative social exchanges: a longitudinal model with comparable measures. Psychol Aging. 2003;18(4):746–54.PubMedCrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Newsom JT, Schulz R. Caregiving from the recipient’s perspective: negative reactions to being helped. Health Psychol. 1998;17(2):172–81.PubMedCrossRef Newsom JT, Schulz R. Caregiving from the recipient’s perspective: negative reactions to being helped. Health Psychol. 1998;17(2):172–81.PubMedCrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Johnson MO, Chesney MA, Goldstein RB, Remien RH, Catz S, Gore-Felton C, et al. Positive provider interactions, adherence self-efficacy, and adherence to antiretroviral medications among HIV-infected adults: a mediation model. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2006;20(4):258–68.PubMedCrossRef Johnson MO, Chesney MA, Goldstein RB, Remien RH, Catz S, Gore-Felton C, et al. Positive provider interactions, adherence self-efficacy, and adherence to antiretroviral medications among HIV-infected adults: a mediation model. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2006;20(4):258–68.PubMedCrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Schroeder JR, Latkin CA, Hoover DR, Curry AD, Knowlton AR, Celentano DD. Illicit drug use in one’s social network and in one’s neighborhood predicts individual heroin and cocaine use. Ann Epidemiol. 2001;11(6):389–94.PubMedCrossRef Schroeder JR, Latkin CA, Hoover DR, Curry AD, Knowlton AR, Celentano DD. Illicit drug use in one’s social network and in one’s neighborhood predicts individual heroin and cocaine use. Ann Epidemiol. 2001;11(6):389–94.PubMedCrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Golin C, Isasi F, Bontempi JB, Eng E. Secret pills: HIV-positive patients’ experiences taking antiretroviral therapy in North Carolina. AIDS Educ Prev. 2002;14(4):318–29.PubMedCrossRef Golin C, Isasi F, Bontempi JB, Eng E. Secret pills: HIV-positive patients’ experiences taking antiretroviral therapy in North Carolina. AIDS Educ Prev. 2002;14(4):318–29.PubMedCrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Galvan FH, Davis EM, Banks D, Bing EG. HIV stigma and social support among African Americans. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2008;22(5):423–36.PubMedCrossRef Galvan FH, Davis EM, Banks D, Bing EG. HIV stigma and social support among African Americans. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2008;22(5):423–36.PubMedCrossRef
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Arnsten JH, Demas PA, Farzadegan H, Grant RW, Gourevitch MN, Chang CJ, et al. Antiretroviral therapy adherence and viral suppression in HIV-infected drug users: comparison of self-report and electronic monitoring. Clin Infect Dis. 2001;33(8):1417–23.PubMedCrossRef Arnsten JH, Demas PA, Farzadegan H, Grant RW, Gourevitch MN, Chang CJ, et al. Antiretroviral therapy adherence and viral suppression in HIV-infected drug users: comparison of self-report and electronic monitoring. Clin Infect Dis. 2001;33(8):1417–23.PubMedCrossRef
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Kerr T, Walsh J, Lloyd-Smith E, Wood E. Measuring adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy: implications for research and practice. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2005;2(4):200–5.PubMedCrossRef Kerr T, Walsh J, Lloyd-Smith E, Wood E. Measuring adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy: implications for research and practice. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2005;2(4):200–5.PubMedCrossRef
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Radloff LS. The CES-D scale: a self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Appl Psychol Meas. 1977;1:385–401.CrossRef Radloff LS. The CES-D scale: a self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Appl Psychol Meas. 1977;1:385–401.CrossRef
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Perdue T, Hagan H, Thiede H, Valleroy L. Depression and HIV risk behavior among Seattle-area injection drug users and young men who have sex with men. AIDS Educ Prev. 2003;15(1):81–92.PubMedCrossRef Perdue T, Hagan H, Thiede H, Valleroy L. Depression and HIV risk behavior among Seattle-area injection drug users and young men who have sex with men. AIDS Educ Prev. 2003;15(1):81–92.PubMedCrossRef
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Pearlin LI, Mullan JT, Semple SJ, Skaff MM. Caregiving and the stress process: an overview of concepts and their measures. Gerontologist. 1990;30(5):583–94.PubMedCrossRef Pearlin LI, Mullan JT, Semple SJ, Skaff MM. Caregiving and the stress process: an overview of concepts and their measures. Gerontologist. 1990;30(5):583–94.PubMedCrossRef
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Barrera M. A method for assessing social support networks in community survey research. Connections. 1980;3:8–13. Barrera M. A method for assessing social support networks in community survey research. Connections. 1980;3:8–13.
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Tardy CH. Social support measurement. Am J Community Psychol. 1985;13(2):187–202.CrossRef Tardy CH. Social support measurement. Am J Community Psychol. 1985;13(2):187–202.CrossRef
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Latkin CA, Mandell W, Vlahov D. The relationship between risk networks’ patterns of crack cocaine and alcohol consumption and HIV-related sexual behaviors among adult injection drug users: a prospective study. Drug Alcohol Depend. 1996;42(3):175–81.PubMedCrossRef Latkin CA, Mandell W, Vlahov D. The relationship between risk networks’ patterns of crack cocaine and alcohol consumption and HIV-related sexual behaviors among adult injection drug users: a prospective study. Drug Alcohol Depend. 1996;42(3):175–81.PubMedCrossRef
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Sarason IG, Levine HM, Basham B, Sarason BR. Assessing social support: the social support questionnaire. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1983;44(1):127–39.CrossRef Sarason IG, Levine HM, Basham B, Sarason BR. Assessing social support: the social support questionnaire. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1983;44(1):127–39.CrossRef
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Uchino BN. Social support and physical health: understanding the health consequences of relationships. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press; 2004. Uchino BN. Social support and physical health: understanding the health consequences of relationships. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press; 2004.
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Knowlton A, Yang C, Bonhert A, Wissow L, Chander G, Arnsten J. Main partner factors associated with worse HAART adherence among U.S. women. Presented at the annual conference of the Society for Prevention Research, Washington, D.C.; 2009. Knowlton A, Yang C, Bonhert A, Wissow L, Chander G, Arnsten J. Main partner factors associated with worse HAART adherence among U.S. women. Presented at the annual conference of the Society for Prevention Research, Washington, D.C.; 2009.
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Leblanc AJ, London AS, Aneshensel CS. The physical costs of AIDS caregiving. Soc Sci Med. 1997;45(6):915–23.PubMedCrossRef Leblanc AJ, London AS, Aneshensel CS. The physical costs of AIDS caregiving. Soc Sci Med. 1997;45(6):915–23.PubMedCrossRef
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Kipp W, Tindyebwa D, Rubaale T, Karamagi E, Bajenja E. Family caregivers in rural Uganda: the hidden reality. Health Care Women Int. 2007;28(10):856–71.PubMedCrossRef Kipp W, Tindyebwa D, Rubaale T, Karamagi E, Bajenja E. Family caregivers in rural Uganda: the hidden reality. Health Care Women Int. 2007;28(10):856–71.PubMedCrossRef
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Wight RG. Precursive depression among HIV infected AIDS caregivers over time. Soc Sci Med. 2000;51(5):759–70.PubMedCrossRef Wight RG. Precursive depression among HIV infected AIDS caregivers over time. Soc Sci Med. 2000;51(5):759–70.PubMedCrossRef
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Folkman S, Chesney MA, Cooke M, Boccellari A, Collette L. Caregiver burden in HIV-positive and HIV-negative partners of men with AIDS. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1994;62(4):746–56.PubMedCrossRef Folkman S, Chesney MA, Cooke M, Boccellari A, Collette L. Caregiver burden in HIV-positive and HIV-negative partners of men with AIDS. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1994;62(4):746–56.PubMedCrossRef
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Pearlin LI, Aneshensel CS, LeBlanc AJ. The forms and mechanisms of stress proliferation: the case of AIDS caregivers. J Health Soc Behav. 1997;38(3):223–36.PubMedCrossRef Pearlin LI, Aneshensel CS, LeBlanc AJ. The forms and mechanisms of stress proliferation: the case of AIDS caregivers. J Health Soc Behav. 1997;38(3):223–36.PubMedCrossRef
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Aneshensel CS, Pearlin LI, Schuler RH. Stress, role captivity, and the cessation of caregiving. J Health Soc Behav. 1993;34(1):54–70.PubMedCrossRef Aneshensel CS, Pearlin LI, Schuler RH. Stress, role captivity, and the cessation of caregiving. J Health Soc Behav. 1993;34(1):54–70.PubMedCrossRef
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Dilworth-Anderson P. Extended kin networks in black families. Generations. 1992;77:29–32. Dilworth-Anderson P. Extended kin networks in black families. Generations. 1992;77:29–32.
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Wight RG, Beals KP, Miller-Martinez D, Murphy DA, Aneshensel CS. HIV-related traumatic stress symptoms in AIDS caregiving family dyads. AIDS Care. 2007;19(7):901–9.PubMedCrossRef Wight RG, Beals KP, Miller-Martinez D, Murphy DA, Aneshensel CS. HIV-related traumatic stress symptoms in AIDS caregiving family dyads. AIDS Care. 2007;19(7):901–9.PubMedCrossRef
52.
Zurück zum Zitat Roe KM, Minkler M, Barnwell RS. The assumption of caregiving: grandmothers raising the children of the crack cocaine epidemic. Qual Health Res. 1994;4:281–303.CrossRef Roe KM, Minkler M, Barnwell RS. The assumption of caregiving: grandmothers raising the children of the crack cocaine epidemic. Qual Health Res. 1994;4:281–303.CrossRef
53.
Zurück zum Zitat Navaie-Waliser M, Feldman PH, Gould DA, Levine C, Kuerbis AN, Donelan K. When the caregiver needs care: the plight of vulnerable caregivers. Am J Public Health. 2002;92(3):409–13.PubMedCrossRef Navaie-Waliser M, Feldman PH, Gould DA, Levine C, Kuerbis AN, Donelan K. When the caregiver needs care: the plight of vulnerable caregivers. Am J Public Health. 2002;92(3):409–13.PubMedCrossRef
54.
Zurück zum Zitat Ssengonzi R. The impact of HIV/AIDS on the living arrangements and well-being of elderly caregivers in rural Uganda. AIDS Care Psychol Socio-Med Aspects AIDS/HIV. 2009;21(3):309–14. Ssengonzi R. The impact of HIV/AIDS on the living arrangements and well-being of elderly caregivers in rural Uganda. AIDS Care Psychol Socio-Med Aspects AIDS/HIV. 2009;21(3):309–14.
55.
Zurück zum Zitat Tarimo EA, Kohi TW, Outwater A, Blystad A. Gender roles and informal care for patients with AIDS: a qualitative study from an urban area in Tanzania. J Transcult Nurs. 2009;20(1):61–8.PubMedCrossRef Tarimo EA, Kohi TW, Outwater A, Blystad A. Gender roles and informal care for patients with AIDS: a qualitative study from an urban area in Tanzania. J Transcult Nurs. 2009;20(1):61–8.PubMedCrossRef
56.
Zurück zum Zitat Rajaraman D, Russell S, Heymann J. HIV/AIDS, income loss and economic survival in Botswana. AIDS Care. 2006;18(7):656–62.PubMedCrossRef Rajaraman D, Russell S, Heymann J. HIV/AIDS, income loss and economic survival in Botswana. AIDS Care. 2006;18(7):656–62.PubMedCrossRef
57.
Zurück zum Zitat Buunk BP, Schaufeli W. Reciprocity in interpersonal relationship an evolutionary perspective on its importance for health and well-being. In: Stroebe W, Hewstone M, editors. European review of social psychology. New York: Wiley; 1999. p. 259–91. Buunk BP, Schaufeli W. Reciprocity in interpersonal relationship an evolutionary perspective on its importance for health and well-being. In: Stroebe W, Hewstone M, editors. European review of social psychology. New York: Wiley; 1999. p. 259–91.
58.
Zurück zum Zitat Liang J, Krause NM, Bennett JM. Social exchange and well-being: is giving better than receiving? Psychol Aging. 2001;16(3):511–23.PubMedCrossRef Liang J, Krause NM, Bennett JM. Social exchange and well-being: is giving better than receiving? Psychol Aging. 2001;16(3):511–23.PubMedCrossRef
59.
Zurück zum Zitat van Vegchel N, de Jonge J, Bosma H, Schaufeli W. Reviewing the effort-reward imbalance model: drawing up the balance of 45 empirical studies. Soc Sci Med. 2005;60(5):1117–31.PubMedCrossRef van Vegchel N, de Jonge J, Bosma H, Schaufeli W. Reviewing the effort-reward imbalance model: drawing up the balance of 45 empirical studies. Soc Sci Med. 2005;60(5):1117–31.PubMedCrossRef
60.
Zurück zum Zitat Walster EG, Walster W, Bershield A. Equity: theory and research. Boston: Allyn and Beacon; 1978. Walster EG, Walster W, Bershield A. Equity: theory and research. Boston: Allyn and Beacon; 1978.
61.
Zurück zum Zitat Knowlton AR, Curry A, Hua W, Wissow L. Depression and social context: primary supporter relationship factors associated with depressive symptoms among a disadvantaged population with HIV/AIDS. J Community Psychol. 2009;37(4):526–41.CrossRef Knowlton AR, Curry A, Hua W, Wissow L. Depression and social context: primary supporter relationship factors associated with depressive symptoms among a disadvantaged population with HIV/AIDS. J Community Psychol. 2009;37(4):526–41.CrossRef
62.
Zurück zum Zitat Dwyer JW, Lee GR, Jankowski TB. Reciprocity, elder satisfaction, and caregiver stress and burden—the exchange of aid in the family caregiving relationship. J Marriage Fam. 1994;56(1):35–43.CrossRef Dwyer JW, Lee GR, Jankowski TB. Reciprocity, elder satisfaction, and caregiver stress and burden—the exchange of aid in the family caregiving relationship. J Marriage Fam. 1994;56(1):35–43.CrossRef
63.
Zurück zum Zitat Remien RH, Stirratt MJ, Dognin J, Day E, El Bassel N, Warne P. Moving from theory to research to practice. Implementing an effective dyadic intervention to improve antiretroviral adherence for clinic patients. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2006;43(Suppl 1):S69–78.PubMed Remien RH, Stirratt MJ, Dognin J, Day E, El Bassel N, Warne P. Moving from theory to research to practice. Implementing an effective dyadic intervention to improve antiretroviral adherence for clinic patients. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2006;43(Suppl 1):S69–78.PubMed
64.
Zurück zum Zitat Fiori KL, Consedine NS, Magai C. Ethnic differences in patterns of social exchange among older adults: the role of resource context. Ageing Soc. 2008;28:495–524. Fiori KL, Consedine NS, Magai C. Ethnic differences in patterns of social exchange among older adults: the role of resource context. Ageing Soc. 2008;28:495–524.
65.
Zurück zum Zitat Levi-Strauss C. Reciprocity: the essence of social life. In: Coser R, editor. The family: its structure and functions. New York: St. Martin’s Press; 1964. p. 36–48. Levi-Strauss C. Reciprocity: the essence of social life. In: Coser R, editor. The family: its structure and functions. New York: St. Martin’s Press; 1964. p. 36–48.
66.
Zurück zum Zitat Ubbiali A, Donati D, Chiorri C, Bregani V, Cattaneo E, Maffei C, et al. Prediction of adherence to antiretroviral therapy: can patients’ gender play some role? An Italian pilot study. AIDS Care. 2008;20(5):571–5.PubMedCrossRef Ubbiali A, Donati D, Chiorri C, Bregani V, Cattaneo E, Maffei C, et al. Prediction of adherence to antiretroviral therapy: can patients’ gender play some role? An Italian pilot study. AIDS Care. 2008;20(5):571–5.PubMedCrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Informal Care and Reciprocity of Support are Associated with HAART Adherence Among Men in Baltimore, MD, USA
verfasst von
Amy R. Knowlton
Cui Yang
Amy Bohnert
Lawrence Wissow
Geetanjali Chander
Julia A. Arnsten
Publikationsdatum
01.10.2011
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
AIDS and Behavior / Ausgabe 7/2011
Print ISSN: 1090-7165
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-3254
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-010-9749-1

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 7/2011

AIDS and Behavior 7/2011 Zur Ausgabe

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag

Schadet Ärger den Gefäßen?

14.05.2024 Arteriosklerose Nachrichten

In einer Studie aus New York wirkte sich Ärger kurzfristig deutlich negativ auf die Endothelfunktion gesunder Probanden aus. Möglicherweise hat dies Einfluss auf die kardiovaskuläre Gesundheit.

Intervallfasten zur Regeneration des Herzmuskels?

14.05.2024 Herzinfarkt Nachrichten

Die Nahrungsaufnahme auf wenige Stunden am Tag zu beschränken, hat möglicherweise einen günstigen Einfluss auf die Prognose nach akutem ST-Hebungsinfarkt. Darauf deutet eine Studie an der Uniklinik in Halle an der Saale hin.

Klimaschutz beginnt bei der Wahl des Inhalators

14.05.2024 Klimawandel Podcast

Auch kleine Entscheidungen im Alltag einer Praxis können einen großen Beitrag zum Klimaschutz leisten. Die neue Leitlinie zur "klimabewussten Verordnung von Inhalativa" geht mit gutem Beispiel voran, denn der Wechsel vom klimaschädlichen Dosieraerosol zum Pulverinhalator spart viele Tonnen CO2. Leitlinienautor PD Dr. Guido Schmiemann erklärt, warum nicht nur die Umwelt, sondern auch Patientinnen und Patienten davon profitieren.

Zeitschrift für Allgemeinmedizin, DEGAM

Typ-2-Diabetes und Depression folgen oft aufeinander

14.05.2024 Typ-2-Diabetes Nachrichten

Menschen mit Typ-2-Diabetes sind überdurchschnittlich gefährdet, in den nächsten Jahren auch noch eine Depression zu entwickeln – und umgekehrt. Besonders ausgeprägt ist die Wechselbeziehung laut GKV-Daten bei jüngeren Erwachsenen.

Update Innere Medizin

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.