nach oben

Cancer and Metastasis Reviews

Erschienen in:

01.06.2012 | NON-THEMATIC REVIEW

EMT in carcinoma progression and dissemination: Facts, unanswered questions, and clinical considerations

verfasst von: Jeremy Bastid

Erschienen in: Cancer and Metastasis Reviews | Ausgabe 1-2/2012

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Over the past decade, much effort has been made to understand how cancers metastasize. In deciphering the metastatic process, a vast amount of work has focused on the role of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), which, in experimental models, confers tumor cells with invasive and metastatic abilities, resistance to therapies, as well as cancer stem cell phenotype—properties that have a major impact on cancer prognosis. Searching “EMT and cancer” in PubMed retrieves thousands of original research articles, yet, we haven’t answered the most basic question in the field: has EMT any relevance in human tumors?

Yang, J., Mani, S. A., Donaher, J. L., Ramaswamy, S., Itzykson, R. A., Come, C., et al. (2004). Twist, a master regulator of morphogenesis, plays an essential role in tumor metastasis. Cell, 117(7), 927–939.PubMedCrossRef

Thiery, J. P., Acloque, H., Huang, R. Y., & Nieto, M. A. (2009). Epithelial-mesenchymal transitions in development and disease. Cell, 139(5), 871–890.PubMedCrossRef

Polyak, K., & Weinberg, R. A. (2009). Transitions between epithelial and mesenchymal states: acquisition of malignant and stem cell traits. Nature Reviews. Cancer, 9(4), 265–273.PubMedCrossRef

Xue, C., Plieth, D., Venkov, C., Xu, C., & Neilson, E. G. (2003). The gatekeeper effect of epithelial-mesenchymal transition regulates the frequency of breast cancer metastasis. Cancer Research, 63(12), 3386–3394.PubMed

Trimboli, A. J., Fukino, K., de Bruin, A., Wei, G., Shen, L., Tanner, S. M., et al. (2008). Direct evidence for epithelial-mesenchymal transitions in breast cancer. Cancer Research, 68(3), 937–945.PubMedCrossRef

Spaderna, S., Schmalhofer, O., Hlubek, F., Berx, G., Eger, A., Merkel, S., et al. (2006). A transient, EMT-linked loss of basement membranes indicates metastasis and poor survival in colorectal cancer. Gastroenterology, 131(3), 830–840.PubMedCrossRef

Prall, F. (2007). Tumour budding in colorectal carcinoma. Histopathology, 50(1), 151–162.PubMedCrossRef

Ueno, H., Mochizuki, H., Hashiguchi, Y., Shimazaki, H., Aida, S., Hase, K., et al. (2004). Risk factors for an adverse outcome in early invasive colorectal carcinoma. Gastroenterology, 127(2), 385–394.PubMedCrossRef

Zlobec, I., & Lugli, A. (2010). Epithelial mesenchymal transition and tumor budding in aggressive colorectal cancer: tumor budding as oncotarget. Oncotarget, 1(7), 651–661.PubMed

10.

Ansieau, S., Bastid, J., Doreau, A., Morel, A. P., Bouchet, B. P., Thomas, C., et al. (2008). Induction of EMT by twist proteins as a collateral effect of tumor-promoting inactivation of premature senescence. Cancer Cell, 14(1), 79–89.PubMedCrossRef

11.

Prall, F., & Ostwald, C. (2007). High-degree tumor budding and podia-formation in sporadic colorectal carcinomas with K-ras gene mutations. Human Pathology, 38(11), 1696–1702.PubMedCrossRef

12.

Wang, C., Huang, H., Huang, Z., Wang, A., Chen, X., Huang, L., et al. (2011). Tumor budding correlates with poor prognosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine : official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology.

13.

Aktas, B., Tewes, M., Fehm, T., Hauch, S., Kimmig, R., & Kasimir-Bauer, S. (2009). Stem cell and epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers are frequently overexpressed in circulating tumor cells of metastatic breast cancer patients. Breast Cancer Research, 11(4).

14.

Raimondi, C., Gradilone, A., Naso, G., Vincenzi, B., Petracca, A., Nicolazzo, C., et al. (2011). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition and stemness features in circulating tumor cells from breast cancer patients. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment. doi:10.1007/s10549-011-1373-x.

15.

Rees, J. R., Onwuegbusi, B. A., Save, V. E., Alderson, D., & Fitzgerald, R. C. (2006). In vivo and in vitro evidence for transforming growth factor-beta1-mediated epithelial to mesenchymal transition in esophageal adenocarcinoma. Cancer Research, 66(19), 9583–9590.PubMedCrossRef

16.

Montserrat, N., Mozos, A., Llobet, D., Dolcet, X., Pons, C., de Herreros, A. G., et al. (2011). Epithelial to mesenchymal transition in early stage endometrioid endometrial carcinoma. Human Pathology. doi:10.1016/j.humpath.2011.06.021.

17.

van Deurzen, C. H., Lee, A. H., Gill, M. S., Menke-Pluijmers, M. B., Jager, A., Ellis, I. O., et al. (2011). Metaplastic breast carcinoma: tumour histogenesis or dedifferentiation? The Journal of Pathology. doi:10.1002/path.2872.

18.

Halachmi, S., DeMarzo, A. M., Chow, N. H., Halachmi, N., Smith, A. E., Linn, J. F., et al. (2000). Genetic alterations in urinary bladder carcinosarcoma: evidence of a common clonal origin. European Urology, 37(3), 350–357.PubMedCrossRef

19.

Zhuang, Z., Lininger, R. A., Man, Y. G., Albuquerque, A., Merino, M. J., & Tavassoli, F. A. (1997). Identical clonality of both components of mammary carcinosarcoma with differential loss of heterozygosity. Modern Pathology, 10(4), 354–362.PubMed

20.

Teixeira, M. R., Qvist, H., Bohler, P. J., Pandis, N., & Heim, S. (1998). Cytogenetic analysis shows that carcinosarcomas of the breast are of monoclonal origin. Genes, Chromosomes & Cancer, 22(2), 145–151.CrossRef

21.

Fujii, H., Yoshida, M., Gong, Z. X., Matsumoto, T., Hamano, Y., Fukunaga, M., et al. (2000). Frequent genetic heterogeneity in the clonal evolution of gynecological carcinosarcoma and its influence on phenotypic diversity. Cancer Research, 60(1), 114–120.PubMed

22.

Tarin, D., Thompson, E. W., & Newgreen, D. F. (2005). The fallacy of epithelial mesenchymal transition in neoplasia. Cancer Research, 65(14), 5996–6000. discussion 6000-5991.PubMedCrossRef

23.

Sivertsen, S., Hadar, R., Elloul, S., Vintman, L., Bedrossian, C., Reich, R., et al. (2006). Expression of Snail, Slug and Sip1 in malignant mesothelioma effusions is associated with matrix metalloproteinase, but not with cadherin expression. Lung Cancer, 54(3), 309–317.PubMedCrossRef

24.

Blechschmidt, K., Sassen, S., Schmalfeldt, B., Schuster, T., Hofler, H., & Becker, K. F. (2008). The E-cadherin repressor Snail is associated with lower overall survival of ovarian cancer patients. British Journal of Cancer, 98(2), 489–495.PubMedCrossRef

25.

Cates, J. M., Byrd, R. H., Fohn, L. E., Tatsas, A. D., Washington, M. K., & Black, C. C. (2009). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Pancreas, 38(1), e1–6. doi:10.1097/MPA.0b013e3181878b7f.PubMedCrossRef

26.

Scheel, C., Eaton, E. N., Li, S. H., Chaffer, C. L., Reinhardt, F., Kah, K. J., et al. (2011). Paracrine and autocrine signals induce and maintain mesenchymal and stem cell states in the breast. Cell, 145(6), 926–940.PubMedCrossRef

27.

Thiery, J. P., & Sleeman, J. P. (2006). Complex networks orchestrate epithelial-mesenchymal transitions. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 7(2), 131–142.PubMedCrossRef

28.

Olmeda, D., Jorda, M., Peinado, H., Fabra, A., & Cano, A. (2007). Snail silencing effectively suppresses tumour growth and invasiveness. [Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't]. Oncogene, 26(13), 1862–1874.PubMedCrossRef

29.

Chaffer, C. L., Brennan, J. P., Slavin, J. L., Blick, T., Thompson, E. W., & Williams, E. D. (2006). Mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition facilitates bladder cancer metastasis: Role of fibroblast growth factor receptor-2. Cancer Research, 66(23), 11271–11278.PubMedCrossRef

30.

Bonnomet, A., Syne, L., Brysse, A., Feyereisen, E., Thompson, E. W., Noel, A., et al. (2011). A dynamic in vivo model of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitions in circulating tumor cells and metastases of breast cancer. Oncogene. doi:10.1038/onc.2011.540.

31.

Collado, M., Gil, J., Efeyan, A., Guerra, C., Schuhmacher, A. J., Barradas, M., et al. (2005). Tumour biology: Senescence in premalignant tumours. Nature, 436(7051), 642.PubMedCrossRef

32.

Eng, C., Leone, G., Orloff, M. S., & Ostrowski, M. C. (2009). Genomic alterations in tumor stroma. Cancer Research, 69(17), 6759–6764.PubMedCrossRef

33.

Gjorevski, N., Boghaert, E., & Nelson, C. M. (2011). Regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition by transmission of mechanical stress through epithelial tissues. Cancer Microenvironment: official journal of the International Cancer Microenvironment Society. doi:10.1007/s12307-011-0076-5.

34.

Yang, M. H., Wu, M. Z., Chiou, S. H., Chen, P. M., Chang, S. Y., Liu, C. J., et al. (2008). Direct regulation of TWIST by HIF-1alpha promotes metastasis. [Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't]. Nature Cell Biology, 10(3), 295–305. doi:10.1038/ncb1691.PubMedCrossRef

35.

Koo, V., El Mekabaty, A., Hamilton, P., Maxwell, P., Sharaf, O., Diamond, J., et al. (2010). Novel in vitro assays for the characterization of EMT in tumourigenesis. Cellular Oncology, 32(1–2).

36.

Guaita, S., Puig, I., Franci, C., Garrido, M., Dominguez, D., Batlle, E., et al. (2002). Snail induction of epithelial to mesenchymal transition in tumor cells is accompanied by MUC1 repression and ZEB1 expression. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 277(42), 39209–39216.PubMedCrossRef

37.

Gradilone, A., Raimondi, C., Nicolazzo, C., Petracca, A., Gandini, O., Vincenzi, B., et al. (2011). Circulating tumor cells lacking cytokeratin in breast cancer: The importance of being mesenchymal. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine. doi:10.1111/j.1582-4934.2011.01285.x.

38.

Greenburg, G., & Hay, E. D. (1982). Epithelia suspended in collagen gels can lose polarity and express characteristics of migrating mesenchymal cells. The Journal of Cell Biology, 95(1), 333–339.PubMedCrossRef

39.

Stoker, M., & Perryman, M. (1985). An epithelial scatter factor released by embryo fibroblasts. Journal of Cell Science, 77, 209–223.PubMed

40.

Stoker, M., Gherardi, E., Perryman, M., & Gray, J. (1987). Scatter factor is a fibroblast-derived modulator of epithelial cell mobility. Nature, 327(6119), 239–242.PubMedCrossRef

41.

Maestro, R., Dei Tos, A. P., Hamamori, Y., Krasnokutsky, S., Sartorelli, V., Kedes, L., et al. (1999). Twist is a potential oncogene that inhibits apoptosis. Genes & Development, 13(17), 2207–2217.CrossRef

42.

Cano, A., Perez-Moreno, M. A., Rodrigo, I., Locascio, A., Blanco, M. J., del Barrio, M. G., et al. (2000). The transcription factor snail controls epithelial-mesenchymal transitions by repressing E-cadherin expression. Nature Cell Biology, 2(2), 76–83.PubMedCrossRef

43.

Batlle, E., Sancho, E., Franci, C., Dominguez, D., Monfar, M., Baulida, J., et al. (2000). The transcription factor snail is a repressor of E-cadherin gene expression in epithelial tumour cells. Nature Cell Biology, 2(2), 84–89.PubMedCrossRef

44.

Thiery, J. P. (2002). Epithelial-mesenchymal transitions in tumour progression. Nature Reviews. Cancer, 2(6), 442–454.PubMedCrossRef

45.

Inoue, A., Seidel, M. G., Wu, W., Kamizono, S., Ferrando, A. A., Bronson, R. T., et al. (2002). Slug, a highly conserved zinc finger transcriptional repressor, protects hematopoietic progenitor cells from radiation-induced apoptosis in vivo. Cancer Cell, 2(4), 279–288.PubMedCrossRef

46.

Kajita, M., McClinic, K. N., & Wade, P. A. (2004). Aberrant expression of the transcription factors snail and slug alters the response to genotoxic stress. Molecular and Cellular Biology, 24(17), 7559–7566.PubMedCrossRef

47.

Wu, W. S., Heinrichs, S., Xu, D., Garrison, S. P., Zambetti, G. P., Adams, J. M., et al. (2005). Slug antagonizes p53-mediated apoptosis of hematopoietic progenitors by repressing puma. Cell, 123(4), 641–653.PubMedCrossRef

48.

Knutson, K. L., Lu, H., Stone, B., Reiman, J. M., Behrens, M. D., Prosperi, C. M., et al. (2006). Immunoediting of cancers may lead to epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Journal of Immunology, 177(3), 1526–1533.

49.

Peinado, H., Olmeda, D., & Cano, A. (2007). Snail, Zeb and bHLH factors in tumour progression: An alliance against the epithelial phenotype? Nature Reviews. Cancer, 7(6), 415–428.PubMedCrossRef

50.

Mani, S. A., Guo, W., Liao, M. J., Eaton, E. N., Ayyanan, A., Zhou, A. Y., et al. (2008). The epithelial-mesenchymal transition generates cells with properties of stem cells. Cell, 133(4), 704–715.PubMedCrossRef

51.

Morel, A. P., Lievre, M., Thomas, C., Hinkal, G., Ansieau, S., & Puisieux, A. (2008). Generation of breast cancer stem cells through epithelial-mesenchymal transition. PLoS One, 3(8), e2888. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002888.PubMedCrossRef

52.

Chang, C. J., Chao, C. H., Xia, W., Yang, J. Y., Xiong, Y., Li, C. W., et al. (2011). p53 regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition and stem cell properties through modulating miRNAs. Nature Cell Biology, 13(3), 317–323.PubMedCrossRef

53.

Santisteban, M., Reiman, J. M., Asiedu, M. K., Behrens, M. D., Nassar, A., Kalli, K. R., et al. (2009). Immune-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition in vivo generates breast cancer stem cells. Cancer Research, 69(7), 2887–2895.

Titel: EMT in carcinoma progression and dissemination: Facts, unanswered questions, and clinical considerations
verfasst von: Jeremy Bastid
Publikationsdatum: 01.06.2012
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Cancer and Metastasis Reviews / Ausgabe 1-2/2012
Print ISSN: 0167-7659
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-7233
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10555-011-9344-6

Neu im Fachgebiet Onkologie

25.04.2024 | Nierenkarzinom | Nachrichten

Springer Medizin

EMT in carcinoma progression and dissemination: Facts, unanswered questions, and clinical considerations

Abstract

Neu im Fachgebiet Onkologie

Adjuvante Immuntherapie verlängert Leben bei RCC

Alectinib verbessert krankheitsfreies Überleben bei ALK-positivem NSCLC

Bei Senioren mit Prostatakarzinom auf Anämie achten!

ICI-Therapie in der Schwangerschaft wird gut toleriert

Update Onkologie

Springer Medizin

Abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu diesem Inhalt zu erhalten

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 1-2/2012

Role of the ubiquitin ligase Fbw7 in cancer progression

Translation initiation in colorectal cancer

Cancer stem cells and EMT in carcinoma

In vivo animal models of spinal metastasis

Cancer-associated-fibroblasts and tumour cells: a diabolic liaison driving cancer progression

Regulation of p53 by ING family members in suppression of tumor initiation and progression

Neu im Fachgebiet Onkologie

Adjuvante Immuntherapie verlängert Leben bei RCC

Alectinib verbessert krankheitsfreies Überleben bei ALK-positivem NSCLC

Bei Senioren mit Prostatakarzinom auf Anämie achten!

ICI-Therapie in der Schwangerschaft wird gut toleriert

Update Onkologie