Skip to main content
Hauptrubriken
CME Facharzt-Training Webinare Zeitschriften Bücher e.Medpedia Podcast
Service
Jobbörse Info & Hilfe
Fachgebiete
Anästhesiologie Allgemeinmedizin Arbeitsmedizin Augenheilkunde Chirurgie Dermatologie Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe HNO Innere Medizin Kardiologie Neurologie Onkologie und Hämatologie Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie Pädiatrie Pathologie Psychiatrie Radiologie Rechtsmedizin Urologie Zahnmedizin
Themen
Klimawandel und Gesundheit Neues aus dem Markt COVID-19 Praxis und Beruf Seltene Erkrankungen GOÄ & EBM Panorama
Sammlungen
Kasuistiken Algorithmen & Infografiken Blickdiagnosen Arthropedia FlapFinder (für Dermatochirurgen) Videos Kongressberichterstattung Medizin für Apothekerinnen und Apotheker Für Ärztinnen und Ärzte in Weiterbildung Für Medizinstudierende
Erweiterte Suche
Anmelden
nach oben
Inflammation
Erschienen in: Inflammation 1/2022

18.09.2021 | Review

Role of Inflammatory Cytokines, Growth Factors and Adipokines in Adipogenesis and Insulin Resistance

verfasst von: Layla Al-Mansoori, Hend Al-Jaber, Mohammad Shoaib Prince, Mohamed A. Elrayess

Erschienen in: Inflammation | Ausgabe 1/2022

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Obesity, manifested by increased adiposity, represents a main cause of morbidity in the developed countries, causing increased risk of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Recruitment of macrophages and activation of innate immunity represent the initial insult, which can be further exacerbated through secretion of chemokines and adipocytokines from activated macrophages and other cells within the adipose tissue. These events can impact adipogenesis, causing dysfunction of the adipose tissue and increased risk of insulin resistance. Various factors mediate adiposity and related insulin resistance including inflammatory and non-inflammatory factors such as pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines, adipokines and growth factors. In this review we will discuss the role of these factors in adipogenesis and development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus in the context of obesity. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that mediate adipogenesis and insulin resistance could help the development of novel therapeutic strategies for individuals at higher risk of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Literatur
1.
Wild, S., G. Roglic, A. Green, R. Sicree, and H. King. 2004. Global prevalence of diabetes: Estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030. Diabetes Care 27: 1047–1053.PubMed
2.
Roglic, G. 2016. World Health Organization: Global report on diabetes. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
3.
Ali, A.T., W.E. Hochfeld, R. Myburgh, and M.S. Pepper. 2013. Adipocyte and adipogenesis. European Journal of Cell Biology 92: 229–236.PubMed
4.
Hogan, P., T. Dall, P. Nikolov, and A. American Diabetes. 2003. Economic costs of diabetes in the US in 2002. Diabetes Care 26: 917–932.PubMed
5.
Blair, M. 2016. Diabetes Mellitus Review. Urologic Nursing 36: 27–36.PubMed
6.
Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults: executive summary. 1998. Expert Panel on the Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight in Adults. American Journal of the Clinical Nutrients 68:899–917.
7.
Jaganjac, M., S. Almuraikhy, F. Al-Khelaifi, M. Al-Jaber, M. Bashah, N.A. Mazloum, K. Zarkovic, N. Zarkovic, G. Waeg, W. Kafienah, and M.A. Elrayess. 2017. Combined metformin and insulin treatment reverses metabolically impaired omental adipogenesis and accumulation of 4-hydroxynonenal in obese diabetic patients. Redox Biology 12: 483–490.PubMedPubMedCentral
8.
de Luca, C., and J.M. Olefsky. 2008. Inflammation and insulin resistance. FEBS Letters 582: 97–105.PubMed
9.
Ros Perez, M., and G. Medina-Gomez. 2011. Obesity, adipogenesis and insulin resistance. Endocrinología y Nutrición 58: 360–369.PubMed
10.
Gustafson, B., S. Hedjazifar, S. Gogg, A. Hammarstedt, and U. Smith. 2015. Insulin resistance and impaired adipogenesis. Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism 26: 193–200.PubMed
11.
Greenberg, A.S., and M.L. McDaniel. 2002. Identifying the links between obesity, insulin resistance and beta-cell function: Potential role of adipocyte-derived cytokines in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. European Journal of Clinical Investigation 32 (Suppl 3): 24–34.PubMed
12.
Deng, Y., and P.E. Scherer. 2010. Adipokines as novel biomarkers and regulators of the metabolic syndrome. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1212: E1–E19.PubMedPubMedCentral
13.
Rajpathak, S.N., M. He, Q. Sun, R.C. Kaplan, R. Muzumdar, T.E. Rohan, M.J. Gunter, M. Pollak, M. Kim, J.E. Pessin, et al. 2012. Insulin-like growth factor axis and risk of type 2 diabetes in women. Diabetes 61: 2248–2254.PubMedPubMedCentral
14.
15.
MacDougald, O.A., and S. Mandrup. 2002. Adipogenesis: Forces that tip the scales. Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism 13: 5–11.PubMed
16.
Tam, J., D.G. Duda, J.Y. Perentes,  R.S. Quadri, D. Fukumura, and R.K. Jain. 2009. Blockade of VEGFR2 and not VEGFR1 can limit diet-induced fat tissue expansion: role of local versus bone marrow-derived endothelial cells. PLoS One 4:e4974.
17.
Feve, B. 2005. Adipogenesis: Cellular and molecular aspects. Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 19: 483–499.
18.
Rosen, E.D., and B.M. Spiegelman. 2000. Molecular regulation of adipogenesis. Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology 16: 145–171.PubMed
19.
Cinti, S. 2001. The adipose organ: Morphological perspectives of adipose tissues. The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 60: 319–328.PubMed
20.
Camp, H.S., D. Ren, and T. Leff. 2002. Adipogenesis and fat-cell function in obesity and diabetes. Trends in Molecular Medicine 8: 442–447.PubMed
21.
Grant, R.W., and V.D. Dixit. 2015. Adipose tissue as an immunological organ. Obesity (Silver Spring) 23: 512–518.
22.
Lefterova, M.I., and M.A. Lazar. 2009. New developments in adipogenesis. Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism 20: 107–114.PubMed
23.
Garten, A., S. Schuster, and W. Kiess. 2012. The insulin-like growth factors in adipogenesis and obesity. Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America 41 (283–295): v–vi.
24.
Khalilpourfarshbafi, M., K. Gholami, D.D. Murugan, M.Z. Abdul Sattar, and N.A. Abdullah. 2019. Differential effects of dietary flavonoids on adipogenesis. European Journal of Nutrition 58: 5–25.PubMed
25.
Guo, S. 2014. Insulin signaling, resistance, and the metabolic syndrome: Insights from mouse models into disease mechanisms. Journal of Endocrinology 220: T1–T23.
26.
Petrie, J.R., T.J. Guzik, and R.M. Touyz. 2018. Diabetes, Hypertension, and Cardiovascular Disease: Clinical Insights and Vascular Mechanisms. Canadian Journal of Cardiology 34: 575–584.
27.
Bodhini, D., and V. Mohan. 2018. Mediators of insulin resistance & cardiometabolic risk: Newer insights. Indian Journal of Medical Research 148: 127–129.
28.
Kitessa, S.M., and M.Y. Abeywardena. 2016. Lipid-Induced Insulin Resistance in Skeletal Muscle: The Chase for the Culprit Goes from Total Intramuscular Fat to Lipid Intermediates, and Finally to Species of Lipid Intermediates. Nutrients 8.
29.
Longo, M., Zatterale, F., Naderi, J., Parrillo, L., Formisano, P., Raciti, G.A., Beguinot, F.,  and C. Miele. 2019. Adipose Tissue Dysfunction as Determinant of Obesity-Associated Metabolic Complications. International of Journal Molecular Sciences 20.
30.
Medzhitov, R. 2008. Origin and physiological roles of inflammation. Nature 454: 428–435.PubMed
31.
Newton, K., and V.M. Dixit. 2012. Signaling in innate immunity and inflammation. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 4.
32.
Almuraikhy, S., W. Kafienah, M. Bashah, I. Diboun, M. Jaganjac, F. Al-Khelaifi, H. Abdesselem, N.A. Mazloum, M. Alsayrafi, V. Mohamed-Ali, and M.A. Elrayess. 2016. Interleukin-6 induces impairment in human subcutaneous adipogenesis in obesity-associated insulin resistance. Diabetologia 59: 2406–2416.PubMedPubMedCentral
33.
Klover, P.J., A.H. Clementi, and R.A. Mooney. 2005. Interleukin-6 depletion selectively improves hepatic insulin action in obesity. Endocrinology 146: 3417–3427.PubMed
34.
Bahar, B., J.V. O’Doherty, and T. Sweeney. 2011. A potential role of IL-6 in the chito-oligosaccharide-mediated inhibition of adipogenesis. British Journal of Nutrition 106: 1142–1153.
35.
Cawthorn, W.P., F. Heyd, K. Hegyi, and J.K. Sethi. 2007. Tumour necrosis factor-alpha inhibits adipogenesis via a beta-catenin/TCF4(TCF7L2)-dependent pathway. Cell Death and Differentiation 14: 1361–1373.PubMed
36.
Isakson, P., A. Hammarstedt, B. Gustafson, and U. Smith. 2009. Impaired preadipocyte differentiation in human abdominal obesity: Role of Wnt, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and inflammation. Diabetes 58: 1550–1557.PubMedPubMedCentral
37.
Palacios-Ortega, S., M. Varela-Guruceaga, M. Algarabel, F. Ignacio Milagro, J. Alfredo Martinez, and C. de Miguel. 2015. Effect of TNF-Alpha on Caveolin-1 Expression and Insulin Signaling During Adipocyte Differentiation and in Mature Adipocytes. Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 36: 1499–1516.PubMed
38.
Gagnon, A., C. Foster, A. Landry, and A. Sorisky. 2013. The role of interleukin 1beta in the anti-adipogenic action of macrophages on human preadipocytes. Journal of Endocrinology 217: 197–206.
39.
Moratal, C., J. Raffort, N. Arrighi, S. Rekima, S. Schaub, C.A. Dechesne, G. Chinetti, and C. Dani. 2018. IL-1beta- and IL-4-polarized macrophages have opposite effects on adipogenesis of intramuscular fibro-adipogenic progenitors in humans. Science and Reports 8: 17005.
40.
Lagathu, C., L. Yvan-Charvet, J.P. Bastard, M. Maachi, A. Quignard-Boulange, J. Capeau, and M. Caron. 2006. Long-term treatment with interleukin-1beta induces insulin resistance in murine and human adipocytes. Diabetologia 49: 2162–2173.PubMed
41.
Martinez-Martinez, E., V. Cachofeiro, E. Rousseau, V. Alvarez, L. Calvier, A. Fernandez-Celis, C. Leroy, M. Miana, R. Jurado-Lopez, A.M. Briones, et al. 2015. Interleukin-33/ST2 system attenuates aldosterone-induced adipogenesis and inflammation. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 411: 20–27.PubMed
42.
Miller, A.M., D.L. Asquith, A.J. Hueber, L.A. Anderson, W.M. Holmes, A.N. McKenzie, D. Xu, N. Sattar, I.B. McInnes, and F.Y. Liew. 2010. Interleukin-33 induces protective effects in adipose tissue inflammation during obesity in mice. Circulation Research 107: 650–658.PubMedPubMedCentral
43.
Han, J.M., D. Wu, H.C. Denroche, Y. Yao, C.B. Verchere, and M.K. Levings. 2015. IL-33 Reverses an Obesity-Induced Deficit in Visceral Adipose Tissue ST2+ T Regulatory Cells and Ameliorates Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Insulin Resistance. The Journal of Immunology 194: 4777–4783.PubMed
44.
Yang, Y.S., X.Y. Li, J. Hong, W.Q. Gu, Y.F. Zhang, J. Yang, H.D. Song, J.L. Chen, and G. Ning. 2007. Interleukin-18 enhances glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Endocrine 32: 297–302.PubMed
45.
Almendro, V., G. Fuster, E. Ametller, P. Costelli, F. Pilla, S. Busquets, M. Figueras, J.M. Argiles, and F.J. Lopez-Soriano. 2009. Interleukin-15 increases calcineurin expression in 3T3-L1 cells: Possible involvement on in vivo adipocyte differentiation. International Journal of Molecular Medicine 24: 453–458.PubMed
46.
Lacraz, G., V. Rakotoarivelo, S.M. Labbe, M. Vernier, C. Noll, M. Mayhue, J. Stankova, A. Schwertani, G. Grenier, and A. Carpentier et al. 2016. Deficiency of Interleukin-15 Confers Resistance to Obesity by Diminishing Inflammation and Enhancing the Thermogenic Function of Adipose Tissues. PLoS One 11:e0162995.
47.
He, D., Z. Jiang, Y. Tian, H. Han, M. Xia, W. Wei, L. Zhang, and J. Chen. 2018. Genetic variants in IL15 promoter affect transcription activity and intramuscular fat deposition in longissimus dorsi muscle of pigs. Animal Genetics 49: 19–28.PubMed
48.
Chang, E.J., S.K. Lee, Y.S. Song, Y.J. Jang, H.S. Park, J.P. Hong, A.R. Ko, D.Y. Kim, J.H. Kim, Y.J. Lee, and Y.S. Heo. 2014. IL-34 is associated with obesity, chronic inflammation, and insulin resistance. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 99: E1263-1271.PubMed
49.
Lee, M., S.J. Song, M.S. Choi, R. Yu, and T. Park. 2015. IL-7 receptor deletion ameliorates diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance in mice. Diabetologia 58: 2361–2370.PubMed
50.
Lucas, S., S. Taront, C. Magnan, L. Fauconnier, M. Delacre, L. Macia, A. Delanoye, C. Verwaerde, C. Spriet, and P. Saule et al. 2012. Interleukin-7 regulates adipose tissue mass and insulin sensitivity in high-fat diet-fed mice through lymphocyte-dependent and independent mechanisms. PLoS One 7:e40351.
51.
van Asseldonk, E.J., R. Stienstra, T.B. Koenen, L.J. van Tits, L.A. Joosten, C.J. Tack, and M.G. Netea. 2010. The effect of the interleukin-1 cytokine family members IL-1F6 and IL-1F8 on adipocyte differentiation. Obesity (Silver Spring) 18: 2234–2236.
52.
Katagiri, S., H. Makishima, K. Azuma, Y. Nannya, Y. Saitoh, S. Yoshizawa, D. Akahane, H. Fujimoto, Y. Ito, R. Velaga, et al. 2020. Predisposed genomic instability in pre-treatment bone marrow evolves to therapy-related myeloid neoplasms in malignant lymphoma. Haematologica 105: e337–e339.PubMedPubMedCentral
53.
Miyaoka, Y., M. Tanaka, T. Naiki, and A. Miyajima. 2006. Oncostatin M inhibits adipogenesis through the RAS/ERK and STAT5 signaling pathways. Journal of Biological Chemistry 281: 37913–37920.
54.
Sanchez-Infantes, D., U.A. White, C.M. Elks, R.F. Morrison, J.M. Gimble, R.V. Considine, A.W. Ferrante, E. Ravussin, and J.M. Stephens. 2014. Oncostatin m is produced in adipose tissue and is regulated in conditions of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 99: E217-225.PubMed
55.
Ahmed, M., and S.L. Gaffen. 2013. IL-17 inhibits adipogenesis in part via C/EBPalpha. PPARgamma and Kruppel-like factors. Cytokine 61: 898–905.PubMed
56.
Zuniga, L.A., W.J. Shen, B. Joyce-Shaikh, E.A. Pyatnova, A.G. Richards, C. Thom, S.M. Andrade, D.J. Cua, F.B. Kraemer, and E.C. Butcher. 2010. IL-17 regulates adipogenesis, glucose homeostasis, and obesity. The Journal of Immunology 185: 6947–6959.PubMed
57.
Shin, J.H., D.W. Shin, and M. Noh. 2009. Interleukin-17A inhibits adipocyte differentiation in human mesenchymal stem cells and regulates pro-inflammatory responses in adipocytes. Biochemical Pharmacology 77: 1835–1844.PubMed
58.
Lee, K., S.H. Um, D.K. Rhee, and S. Pyo. 2016. Interferon-alpha inhibits adipogenesis via regulation of JAK/STAT1 signaling. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1860: 2416–2427.PubMed
59.
Ellulu, M.S., I. Patimah, H. Khaza’ai, A. Rahmat, and Y. Abed. 2017. Obesity and inflammation: The linking mechanism and the complications. Archives of Medical Science 13: 851–863.PubMed
60.
Klover, P.J., T.A. Zimmers, L.G. Koniaris, and R.A. Mooney. 2003. Chronic exposure to interleukin-6 causes hepatic insulin resistance in mice. Diabetes 52: 2784–2789.PubMed
61.
Janssens, K., H. Slaets, and N. Hellings. 2015. Immunomodulatory properties of the IL-6 cytokine family in multiple sclerosis. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1351: 52–60.PubMed
62.
Copaescu, A., O. Smibert, A. Gibson, E.J. Phillips, and J.A. Trubiano. 2020. The role of IL-6 and other mediators in the cytokine storm associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. J Allergy Clin Immunol 146:518–534 e511.
63.
Cawthorn, W.P., and J.K. Sethi. 2008. TNF-alpha and adipocyte biology. FEBS Letters 582: 117–131.PubMed
64.
Ballak, D.B., R. Stienstra, C.J. Tack, C.A. Dinarello, and J.A. van Diepen. 2015. IL-1 family members in the pathogenesis and treatment of metabolic disease: Focus on adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance. Cytokine 75: 280–290.PubMedPubMedCentral
65.
Han, J.M., D. Wu, H.C. Denroche, Y. Yao, and C.B. Verchere Levings. 2015. MK: IL-33 Reverses an Obesity-Induced Deficit in Visceral Adipose Tissue ST2+ T Regulatory Cells and Ameliorates Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Insulin Resistance. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md : 1950) 194:4777–4783.
66.
Yasuda, K., K. Nakanishi, and H. Tsutsui. 2019. Interleukin-18 in Health and Disease. International of Journal Molecular Sciences 20.
67.
Quinn, L.S., L. Strait-Bodey, B.G. Anderson, J.M. Argiles, and P.J. Havel. 2005. Interleukin-15 stimulates adiponectin secretion by 3T3-L1 adipocytes: Evidence for a skeletal muscle-to-fat signaling pathway. Cell Biology International 29: 449–457.PubMed
68.
Hang, H., J.L. Bailey, and C.M. Elks. 2019. Oncostatin M Mediates Adipocyte Expression and Secretion of Stromal-Derived Factor 1. Biology (Basel) 8.
69.
Somm, E., P. Cettour-Rose, C. Asensio, A. Charollais, M. Klein, C. Theander-Carrillo, C.E. Juge-Aubry, J.M. Dayer, M.J. Nicklin, P. Meda, et al. 2006. Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist is upregulated during diet-induced obesity and regulates insulin sensitivity in rodents. Diabetologia 49: 387–393.PubMed
70.
Somm, E., E. Henrichot, A. Pernin, C.E. Juge-Aubry, P. Muzzin, J.M. Dayer, M.J. Nicklin, and C.A. Meier. 2005. Decreased fat mass in interleukin-1 receptor antagonist-deficient mice: Impact on adipogenesis, food intake, and energy expenditure. Diabetes 54: 3503–3509.PubMed
71.
Chang, Y.H., K.T. Ho, S.H. Lu, C.N. Huang, and M.Y. Shiau. 2012. Regulation of glucose/lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity by interleukin-4. International Journal of Obesity 36: 993–998.PubMed
72.
Wensveen, F.M., S. Valentic, M. Sestan, T. Turk Wensveen, and B. Polic. 2015. The “Big Bang” in obese fat: Events initiating obesity-induced adipose tissue inflammation. European Journal of Immunology 45: 2446–2456.PubMed
73.
Yang, C.P., M.Y. Shiau, Y.R. Lai, K.T. Ho, C.W. Hsiao, C.J. Chen, Y.L. Lo, and Y.H. Chang. 2018. Interleukin-4 Boosts Insulin-Induced Energy Deposits by Enhancing Glucose Uptake and Lipogenesis in Hepatocytes. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2018: 6923187.PubMedPubMedCentral
74.
Molofsky, A.B., J.C. Nussbaum, H.E. Liang, S.J. Van Dyken, L.E. Cheng, A. Mohapatra, A. Chawla, and R.M. Locksley. 2013. Innate lymphoid type 2 cells sustain visceral adipose tissue eosinophils and alternatively activated macrophages. Journal of Experimental Medicine 210: 535–549.PubMedCentral
75.
Johnson, A.M., A. Costanzo,  M.G. Gareau, A.M. Armando, O. Quehenberger, J.M. Jameson, and J.M. Olefsky. 2015. High fat diet causes depletion of intestinal eosinophils associated with intestinal permeability. PLoS One 10:e0122195.
76.
Acosta, J.R., B. Tavira, I. Douagi, A. Kulyte, P. Arner, M. Ryden, and J. Laurencikiene. 2019. Human-Specific Function of IL-10 in Adipose Tissue Linked to Insulin Resistance. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 104: 4552–4562.PubMed
77.
Rajbhandari, P., B.J. Thomas, A.C. Feng, C. Hong, J. Wang, L. Vergnes, T. Sallam, B. Wang, J. Sandhu, and M.M. Seldin et al. 2018. IL-10 Signaling Remodels Adipose Chromatin Architecture to Limit Thermogenesis and Energy Expenditure. Cell 172:218–233 e217.
78.
Annamalai, D., and N.A. Clipstone. 2014. Prostaglandin F2alpha inhibits adipogenesis via an autocrine-mediated interleukin-11/glycoprotein 130/STAT1-dependent signaling cascade. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 115: 1308–1321.PubMed
79.
Kwon, H., S. Laurent, Y. Tang, H. Zong, P. Vemulapalli, and J.E. Pessin. 2014. Adipocyte-specific IKKbeta signaling suppresses adipose tissue inflammation through an IL-13-dependent paracrine feedback pathway. Cell Reports 9: 1574–1583.PubMed
80.
Zamani, N., and C.W. Brown. 2011. Emerging roles for the transforming growth factor-{beta} superfamily in regulating adiposity and energy expenditure. Endocrine Reviews 32: 387–403.PubMed
81.
Meier, C.A., E. Bobbioni, C. Gabay, F. Assimacopoulos-Jeannet, A. Golay, and J.M. Dayer. 2002. IL-1 receptor antagonist serum levels are increased in human obesity: A possible link to the resistance to leptin? Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 87: 1184–1188.PubMed
82.
Thomas, D., and C. Apovian. 2017. Macrophage functions in lean and obese adipose tissue. Metabolism 72: 120–143.PubMedPubMedCentral
83.
de-Lima-Junior, J.C., G.F. Souza, A. Moura-Assis, R.S. Gaspar, J.M. Gaspar, A.L. Rocha, D.L. Ferrucci, T.I. Lima, S.C. Victorio, and I.L.P. Bonfante et al. 2019. Abnormal brown adipose tissue mitochondrial structure and function in IL10 deficiency. EBioMedicine 39:436–447.
84.
Hong, E.G., H.J. Ko, Y.R. Cho, H.J. Kim, Z. Ma, T.Y. Yu, R.H. Friedline, E. Kurt-Jones, R. Finberg, M.A. Fischer, et al. 2009. Interleukin-10 prevents diet-induced insulin resistance by attenuating macrophage and cytokine response in skeletal muscle. Diabetes 58: 2525–2535.PubMedPubMedCentral
85.
Lind, M. 1996. Growth factors: Possible new clinical tools. A review. Acta Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica 67: 407–417.PubMed
86.
Stone, W.L., L. Leavitt, M. Varacallo. 2021. Physiology, Growth Factor. In StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL)
87.
Karaman, S., M. Hollmen, S.Y. Yoon, H.F. Alkan, K. Alitalo, C. Wolfrum, and M. Detmar. 2016. Transgenic overexpression of VEGF-C induces weight gain and insulin resistance in mice. Science and Reports 6: 31566.
88.
Karaman, S., M. Hollmen, M.R. Robciuc, A. Alitalo, H. Nurmi, B. Morf, D. Buschle, H.F. Alkan, A.M. Ochsenbein, K. Alitalo, et al. 2015. Blockade of VEGF-C and VEGF-D modulates adipose tissue inflammation and improves metabolic parameters under high-fat diet. Mol Metab 4: 93–105.PubMed
89.
Yoshino, J., B.W. Patterson, and S. Klein. 2019. Adipose Tissue CTGF Expression is Associated with Adiposity and Insulin Resistance in Humans. Obesity (Silver Spring) 27: 957–962.
90.
Lewitt, M.S. 2017. The Role of the Growth Hormone/Insulin-Like Growth Factor System in Visceral Adiposity. Biochem Insights 10: 1178626417703995.PubMedPubMedCentral
91.
Witkowska-Sedek, E., D. Labochka, A. Stelmaszczyk-Emmel, A. Majcher, A. Kucharska, M. Sobol, K. Kadziela, and B. Pyrzak. 2018. Evaluation of glucose metabolism in children with growth hormone deficiency during long-term growth hormone treatment. Journal of Physiology Pharmacology 69.
92.
Li, H., G. Wu, Q. Fang, M. Zhang, X. Hui, B. Sheng, L. Wu, Y. Bao, P. Li, A. Xu, and W. Jia. 2018. Fibroblast growth factor 21 increases insulin sensitivity through specific expansion of subcutaneous fat. Nature Communications 9: 272.PubMedPubMedCentral
93.
Tsurutani, Y., M. Fujimoto, M. Takemoto, H. Irisuna, M. Koshizaka, S. Onishi, T. Ishikawa, M. Mezawa, P. He, S. Honjo, et al. 2011. The roles of transforming growth factor-beta and Smad3 signaling in adipocyte differentiation and obesity. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 407: 68–73.PubMed
94.
Inoh, Y., T. Furuno, N. Hirashima, D. Kitamoto, and M. Nakanishi. 2011. Rapid delivery of small interfering RNA by biosurfactant MEL-A-containing liposomes. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 414: 635–640.PubMed
95.
Tan, C.K., N. Leuenberger, M.J. Tan, Y.W. Yan, Y. Chen, R. Kambadur, W. Wahli, and N.S. Tan. 2011. Smad3 deficiency in mice protects against insulin resistance and obesity induced by a high-fat diet. Diabetes 60: 464–476.PubMedPubMedCentral
96.
Freitas, P., D. Carvalho, A.C. Santos, A.J. Madureira, E. Martinez, J. Pereira, A. Sarmento, and J.L. Medina. 2014. Adipokines, hormones related to body composition, and insulin resistance in HIV fat redistribution syndrome. BMC Infectious Diseases 14: 347.PubMedPubMedCentral
97.
Harris, R.B. 2014. Direct and indirect effects of leptin on adipocyte metabolism. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1842: 414–423.PubMed
98.
Escote, X., S. Gomez-Zorita, M. Lopez-Yoldi, I. Milton-Laskibar, A. Fernandez-Quintela, J.A. Martinez, M.J. Moreno-Aliaga, and M.P. Portillo. 2017. Role of Omentin, Vaspin, Cardiotrophin-1, TWEAK and NOV/CCN3 in Obesity and Diabetes Development. International of Journal Molecular Sciences 18.
99.
Achari, A.E.,  and S.K. Jain. 2017. Adiponectin, a Therapeutic Target for Obesity, Diabetes, and Endothelial Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 18.
100.
Heiker, J.T. 2014. Vaspin (serpinA12) in obesity, insulin resistance, and inflammation. Journal of Peptide Science 20: 299–306.PubMed
101.
Gao, C.L., G.L. Liu, S. Liu, X.H. Chen, C.B. Ji, C.M. Zhang, Z.K. Xia, and X.R. Guo. 2011. Overexpression of PGC-1beta improves insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial function in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry 353: 215–223.PubMed
102.
Than, A., H.L. He, S.H. Chua, D. Xu, L. Sun, M.K. Leow, and P. Chen. 2015. Apelin Enhances Brown Adipogenesis and Browning of White Adipocytes. Journal of Biological Chemistry 290: 14679–14691.PubMedCentral
103.
Losko, M., D. Dolicka, N. Pydyn, U. Jankowska, S. Kedracka-Krok, M. Kulecka, A. Paziewska, M. Mikula, P. Major, M. Winiarski, et al. 2020. Integrative genomics reveal a role for MCPIP1 in adipogenesis and adipocyte metabolism. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 77: 4899–4919.PubMed
104.
Qu, H., H. Deng, and Z. Hu. 2013. Plasma progranulin concentrations are increased in patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity and correlated with insulin resistance. Mediators Inflammation 2013:360190.
105.
Schmid, A., A. Hochberg, A.F. Kreiss, J. Gehl, M. Patz, M. Thomalla, F. Hanses, T. Karrasch, A. Schaffler. 2020. Role of progranulin in adipose tissue innate immunity. Cytokine 125:154796.
Metadaten
Titel
Role of Inflammatory Cytokines, Growth Factors and Adipokines in Adipogenesis and Insulin Resistance
verfasst von
Layla Al-Mansoori
Hend Al-Jaber
Mohammad Shoaib Prince
Mohamed A. Elrayess
Publikationsdatum
18.09.2021
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Inflammation / Ausgabe 1/2022
Print ISSN: 0360-3997
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-2576
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-021-01559-z

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 1/2022

Inflammation 1/2022 Zur Ausgabe

Letter to the Editor

Pericardial Cytokine “Storm” in a COVID-19 Patient: the Confirmation of a Hypothesis

Original Article

Infliximab and Tocilizumab Reduce Anxiety-Like Behaviour and Improve Cognitive Performance in a Juvenile Collagen–Induced Arthritis Rat Model

Original Article

Novel Combined Preparation and Investigation of Bergenin-Loaded Albumin Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Acute Lung Injury: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluations

Original Article

Supervillin Contributes to LPS-induced Inflammatory Response in THP-1 Cell-derived Macrophages

Original Article

Repurposing Methotrexate in Dampening SARS-CoV2-S1-Mediated IL6 Expression: Lessons Learnt from Lung Cancer

Original Article

Circular RNA circ_0008360 Inhibits the Proliferation, Migration, and Inflammation and Promotes Apoptosis of Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes by Regulating miR-135b-5p/HDAC4 Axis in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag

Kostenlos registrieren

Neu im Fachgebiet Innere Medizin

Reizdarmsyndrom: Diäten wirksamer als Medikamente

29.04.2024 Reizdarmsyndrom Nachrichten

Bei Reizdarmsyndrom scheinen Diäten, wie etwa die FODMAP-arme oder die kohlenhydratreduzierte Ernährung, effektiver als eine medikamentöse Therapie zu sein. Das hat eine Studie aus Schweden ergeben, die die drei Therapieoptionen im direkten Vergleich analysierte.

Notfall-TEP der Hüfte ist auch bei 90-Jährigen machbar

26.04.2024 Hüft-TEP Nachrichten

Ob bei einer Notfalloperation nach Schenkelhalsfraktur eine Hemiarthroplastik oder eine totale Endoprothese (TEP) eingebaut wird, sollte nicht allein vom Alter der Patientinnen und Patienten abhängen. Auch über 90-Jährige können von der TEP profitieren.

Niedriger diastolischer Blutdruck erhöht Risiko für schwere kardiovaskuläre Komplikationen

25.04.2024 Hypotonie Nachrichten

Wenn unter einer medikamentösen Hochdrucktherapie der diastolische Blutdruck in den Keller geht, steigt das Risiko für schwere kardiovaskuläre Ereignisse: Darauf deutet eine Sekundäranalyse der SPRINT-Studie hin.

Bei schweren Reaktionen auf Insektenstiche empfiehlt sich eine spezifische Immuntherapie

25.04.2024 Allergien und Intoleranzreaktionen Nachrichten

Insektenstiche sind bei Erwachsenen die häufigsten Auslöser einer Anaphylaxie. Einen wirksamen Schutz vor schweren anaphylaktischen Reaktionen bietet die allergenspezifische Immuntherapie. Jedoch kommt sie noch viel zu selten zum Einsatz.

Update Innere Medizin

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.

Newsletter bestellen
Bildnachweise