Introduction
Epidemiology of acromegaly
Reference | Population covered | Prevalence (per 100,000) | Annual incidence (per 100,000) | Age at diagnosis (years) Median (range) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Males | Females | Total | Males | Females | Total | Males | Females | ||
Fernandez et al. [3] | 81,449 | 8.6 | 4.9 | 3.7 | NA | NA | NA | 47 (30–63) | 48.5 (30–52) | 45 (39–63) |
Daly et al. [4] | 71,972 | 12.5 | 8.3 | 4.2 | NA | NA | NA | 47 (17–65) | 41 (19–65) | 56 (17–63) |
Tjornstrand et al. [5] | 1,590,640 | 3.3 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0..4 | NA | NA | NA |
Agustsson et al. [6] | 321,857 | 13.7 | 9.0 | 4.7 | NA | 0.8 | 0.4 | 45 (4–83) | 45.0 (15–83) | 44 (4–75) |
Hoskuldsdottir et al. [7] | 316,075 | 13.3 | NA | NA | 0.8 | NA | NA | 44.5a (24.5–49.7) | NA | NA |
Raappana et al. [8] | 722,000 –733,000 | NA | NA | NA | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 40.5 (12–69) | 41 | 38 |
Dal et al. [9] | 5,534,738 | 8.5 | NA | NA | 0.4 | NA | NA | 48.7a (47.2–50.1) | NA | NA |
Bex et al. [10] | 10,850,000 | 4 | NA | NA | 0.2 | NA | NA | NA | 42 (8–81) | 46 (17–80) |
Mestron et al. [11] | Population of Spain in 2001 | 3.4 | NA | NA | 0.2 | NA | NA | 45a
| NA | NA |
Gruppetta et al. [12] | 417,608 | 12.4 | 10.6 | 14.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 44 (19–69) | 36.5 (19–69) | 49.5 (28–68) |
Burton et al. [13] | 50,170,946 | 7.8 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 41a
| NA | NA |
Kwon et al. [14] | 48,456.369 | 2.8 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 0.4 | NA | NA | 44.1a
| 42.2a
| 45.5a
|
Details of populations studied
Prevalence, incidence, sex distribution and age at diagnosis
Presentation and diagnostic delay
Reference | Presenting manifestations (%) | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Acral enlargement | Headaches | Coarse facial features/change of facial bones | Macro-glossia | Increased sweating | Skin thickening | Snoring | Arthralgias | Carpal tunnel syndrome | Tiredness | Visual field defects/visual disturbances | |
Fernandez et al. [3] | 85.7 | NA | 71.4 | NA | 51.7 | NA | 28.6 | 28.6 | 14.3 | 14.3 | NA |
Hoskuldsdottir et al. [7] | 78.8 | 55.8 | 71.2 | 46.2 | 44.2 | 38.5 | NA | 50 | NA | 38.5 | 34.6 |
Reference | Duration of symptoms until diagnosis (years) Median (range) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Total population | Males | Females | |
Fernandez et al. [3] | Median 4.5 (range 1.5–15.0) | Median 3.0 (range 1.5–15.0) | Median 6.0 (range 3.0–15.0) |
Daly et al. [4] | Median 5 (range 1–25) | Median 5.5 (range 1–25) | Median 3 (range 1.6–5) |
Hoskuldsdottir et al. [7] | “for more than 3 years in most cases” | NA | NA |
Mestron et al. [11] | “the patients’ estimates of the year in which symptoms began was around 5 years before diagnosis” | NA | NA |
Reference | Adenoma size | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Macroadenoma (% of cases) | Microadenoma (% of cases) | |||
Males | Females | Males | Females | |
Fernandez et al. [3] | 85.7 | 14.3 | ||
Daly et al. [4] | 88.9a
| 0 | ||
100 | 66.7a
| 0 | 0a
| |
Tjornstrand et al. [5] | 78 | 77 | 22 | 23 |
Agustsson et al. [6] | 62.5 | 71.4 | 28.1 | 23.8 |
Raappana et al. [8] | 78 | 22 | ||
Dal et al. [9] | 69 | 31 | ||
Bex et al. [10] | 79a
| 16a
| ||
Mestron et al. [11] | 69a
| 25.8a
| ||
Gruppetta et al. [12] | 73.1 | 26.9 | ||
68.2 | 76.7 | 31.8 | 23.3 | |
Kwon et al. [14] | 82.9 | 17.1 |