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Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders

Erschienen in:

01.03.2013

Lipotoxicity contributes to endothelial dysfunction: A focus on the contribution from ceramide

verfasst von: J. David Symons, E. Dale Abel

Erschienen in: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders | Ausgabe 1/2013

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Abstract

Cardiovascular complications are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in individuals with obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and insulin resistance. Complications include pathologies specific to large (atherosclerosis, cardiomyopathy) and small (retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy) vessels. Common among all of these pathologies is an altered endothelial cell phenotype i.e., endothelial dysfunction. A crucial aspect of endothelial dysfunction is reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. Hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, activation of the renin-angiotensin system, and increased pro-inflammatory cytokines are systemic disturbances in individuals with obesity, T2DM, and insulin resistance and each of these contribute independently and synergistically to decreasing NO bioavailability. This review will examine the contribution from elevated circulating fatty acids in these subjects that lead to lipotoxicity. Particular focus will be placed on the fatty acid metabolite ceramide.

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Titel: Lipotoxicity contributes to endothelial dysfunction: A focus on the contribution from ceramide
verfasst von: J. David Symons
E. Dale Abel
Publikationsdatum: 01.03.2013
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders / Ausgabe 1/2013
Print ISSN: 1389-9155
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-2606
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11154-012-9235-3

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