Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Obesity Surgery 12/2007

01.12.2007

Increase in Ghrelin Levels After Weight Loss in Obese Zucker Rats is Prevented by Gastric Banding

verfasst von: Mariana P. Monteiro, Andreia H. Ribeiro, Ana F. Nunes, Mónica M. Sousa, J. Duarte Monteiro, Artur P. Águas, M. Helena Cardoso

Erschienen in: Obesity Surgery | Ausgabe 12/2007

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Background

Gastric banding is thought to decrease appetite in addition to the mechanical effects of food restriction, although this has been difficult to demonstrate in human studies. Our aim was to investigate the changes in orexigenic signals in the obese Zucker rat after gastric banding.

Methods

Obese Zucker rats (fa/fa) were submitted to gastric banding (GBP), sham gastric banding fed ad libitum (sham), or sham operation with food restriction, pair-fed to the gastric banding group (sham-PF). Lean Zucker rats (fa/+) were used as additional controls. Body weight and food intake were daily recorded for 21 days after surgery when epididymal fat was weighed and fasting ghrelin and hypothalamic NPY mRNA expression were measured.

Results

Gastric banding in obese Zucker rats resulted in a significant decrease of cumulative body weight gain and food intake. Furthermore, gastric banded rats were leaner than Sham-PF, as expressed by a significantly lower epididymal fat weight. Ghrelin levels of gastric banded rats were not increased when compared to sham-operated animals fed ad libitum and were significantly lower than the levels of weight matched sham-PF rats (1116.9 ± 103.3 g GBP vs 963.2 ± 54.3 g sham, 3,079.5 ± 221.6 sham-PF and 2,969.9 ± 150.9 g lean rats, p < 0.001); hypothalamic NPY mRNA expression was not increased in GBP when compared to sham-operated rats.

Conclusion

In obese Zucker rats, GBP prevents the increase in orexigenic signals that occur during caloric deprivation. Our data support the hypothesis that sustained weight loss observed after gastric banding does not depend solely on food restriction.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Silventoinen K, Sans S, Tolonen H, et al. Trends in obesity and energy supply in the WHO MONICA Project. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2004;28:710–8.PubMedCrossRef Silventoinen K, Sans S, Tolonen H, et al. Trends in obesity and energy supply in the WHO MONICA Project. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2004;28:710–8.PubMedCrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat do Carmo I, dos Santos O, Camolas J, et al. Prevalence of obesity in Portugal. Obes Rev 2006;7:233–7.PubMedCrossRef do Carmo I, dos Santos O, Camolas J, et al. Prevalence of obesity in Portugal. Obes Rev 2006;7:233–7.PubMedCrossRef
3.
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Kushner R. Diets, drugs, exercise, and behavioral modification: where these work and where they do not. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2005;1:120–2.PubMedCrossRef Kushner R. Diets, drugs, exercise, and behavioral modification: where these work and where they do not. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2005;1:120–2.PubMedCrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Martin LF, Tan TL, Horn JR, et al. Comparison of the costs associated with medical and surgical treatment of obesity. Surgery 1995;118:599–606.PubMedCrossRef Martin LF, Tan TL, Horn JR, et al. Comparison of the costs associated with medical and surgical treatment of obesity. Surgery 1995;118:599–606.PubMedCrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Halmi KA, Mason E, Falk JR, et al. Appetitive behavior after gastric bypass for obesity. Int J Obes 1981;5:457–64.PubMed Halmi KA, Mason E, Falk JR, et al. Appetitive behavior after gastric bypass for obesity. Int J Obes 1981;5:457–64.PubMed
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Dixon AF, Dixon JB, O’Brien PE. Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding induces prolonged satiety: a randomized blind crossover study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005;90:813–9.PubMedCrossRef Dixon AF, Dixon JB, O’Brien PE. Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding induces prolonged satiety: a randomized blind crossover study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005;90:813–9.PubMedCrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Lang T, Hauser R, Buddeberg C, et al. Impact of gastric banding on eating behavior and weight. Obes Surg 2002;12:100–7.PubMedCrossRef Lang T, Hauser R, Buddeberg C, et al. Impact of gastric banding on eating behavior and weight. Obes Surg 2002;12:100–7.PubMedCrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Schindler K, Prager G, Ballaban T, et al. Impact of laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding on plasma ghrelin, eating behaviour and body weight. Eur J Clin Invest 2004;34:549–54.PubMedCrossRef Schindler K, Prager G, Ballaban T, et al. Impact of laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding on plasma ghrelin, eating behaviour and body weight. Eur J Clin Invest 2004;34:549–54.PubMedCrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Korner J, Inabnet W, Conwell IM, et al. Differential effects of gastric bypass and banding on circulating gut hormone and leptin levels. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2006;14:1553–61. Korner J, Inabnet W, Conwell IM, et al. Differential effects of gastric bypass and banding on circulating gut hormone and leptin levels. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2006;14:1553–61.
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Flancbaum L, Choban PS, Bradley LR, et al. Changes in measured resting energy expenditure after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for clinically severe obesity. Surgery 1997;122:943–9.PubMedCrossRef Flancbaum L, Choban PS, Bradley LR, et al. Changes in measured resting energy expenditure after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for clinically severe obesity. Surgery 1997;122:943–9.PubMedCrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Galtier F, Farret A, Verdier R, et al. Resting energy expenditure and fuel metabolism following laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding in severely obese women: relationships with excess weight lost. Int J Obes (Lond) 2006;30:1104–10.CrossRef Galtier F, Farret A, Verdier R, et al. Resting energy expenditure and fuel metabolism following laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding in severely obese women: relationships with excess weight lost. Int J Obes (Lond) 2006;30:1104–10.CrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Benedetti G, Mingrone G, Marcoccia S, et al. Body composition and energy expenditure after weight loss following bariatric surgery. J Am Coll Nutr 2000;19:270–4.PubMed Benedetti G, Mingrone G, Marcoccia S, et al. Body composition and energy expenditure after weight loss following bariatric surgery. J Am Coll Nutr 2000;19:270–4.PubMed
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Cummings DE, Weigle DS, Frayo RS, et al. Plasma ghrelin levels after diet-induced weight loss or gastric bypass surgery. N Engl J Med 2002;346(21):1623–30.PubMedCrossRef Cummings DE, Weigle DS, Frayo RS, et al. Plasma ghrelin levels after diet-induced weight loss or gastric bypass surgery. N Engl J Med 2002;346(21):1623–30.PubMedCrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat le Roux CW, Aylwin SJ, Batterham RL, et al. Gut hormone profiles following bariatric surgery favor an anorectic state, facilitate weight loss, and improve metabolic parameters. Ann Surg 2006;243:108–14.PubMedCrossRef le Roux CW, Aylwin SJ, Batterham RL, et al. Gut hormone profiles following bariatric surgery favor an anorectic state, facilitate weight loss, and improve metabolic parameters. Ann Surg 2006;243:108–14.PubMedCrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Fruhbeck G, Rotellar F, Hernandez-Lizoain JL, et al. Fasting plasma ghrelin concentrations 6 months after gastric bypass are not determined by weight loss or changes in insulinemia. Obes Surg 2004;14:1208–15.PubMedCrossRef Fruhbeck G, Rotellar F, Hernandez-Lizoain JL, et al. Fasting plasma ghrelin concentrations 6 months after gastric bypass are not determined by weight loss or changes in insulinemia. Obes Surg 2004;14:1208–15.PubMedCrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Hanusch-Enserer U, Cauza E, Brabant G, et al. Plasma ghrelin in obesity before and after weight loss after laparoscopical adjustable gastric banding. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89:3352–8.PubMedCrossRef Hanusch-Enserer U, Cauza E, Brabant G, et al. Plasma ghrelin in obesity before and after weight loss after laparoscopical adjustable gastric banding. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89:3352–8.PubMedCrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Langer FB, Reza Hoda MA, Bohdjalian A, et al. Sleeve gastrectomy and gastric banding: effects on plasma ghrelin levels. Obes Surg 2005;15:1024–9.PubMedCrossRef Langer FB, Reza Hoda MA, Bohdjalian A, et al. Sleeve gastrectomy and gastric banding: effects on plasma ghrelin levels. Obes Surg 2005;15:1024–9.PubMedCrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Mariani LM, Fusco A, Turriziani M, et al. Transient increase of plasma ghrelin after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding in morbid obesity. Horm Metab Res 2005;37:242–5.PubMedCrossRef Mariani LM, Fusco A, Turriziani M, et al. Transient increase of plasma ghrelin after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding in morbid obesity. Horm Metab Res 2005;37:242–5.PubMedCrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat da Silva BA, Bjorbaek C, Uotani S, et al. Functional properties of leptin receptor isoforms containing the gln→pro extracellular domain mutation of the fatty rat. Endocrinology 1998;139:3681–90.PubMedCrossRef da Silva BA, Bjorbaek C, Uotani S, et al. Functional properties of leptin receptor isoforms containing the gln→pro extracellular domain mutation of the fatty rat. Endocrinology 1998;139:3681–90.PubMedCrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Wang T, Hartzell DL, Flatt WP, et al. Responses of lean and obese Zucker rats to centrally administered leptin. Physiol Behav 1998;65:333–41.PubMedCrossRef Wang T, Hartzell DL, Flatt WP, et al. Responses of lean and obese Zucker rats to centrally administered leptin. Physiol Behav 1998;65:333–41.PubMedCrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Yamashita T, Murakami T, Iida M, et al. Leptin receptor of Zucker fatty rat performs reduced signal transduction. Diabetes 1997;46:1077–80.PubMedCrossRef Yamashita T, Murakami T, Iida M, et al. Leptin receptor of Zucker fatty rat performs reduced signal transduction. Diabetes 1997;46:1077–80.PubMedCrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Farooqi IS, Wangensteen T, Collins S, et al. Clinical and molecular genetic spectrum of congenital deficiency of the leptin receptor. N Engl J Med 2007;356:237–47.PubMedCrossRef Farooqi IS, Wangensteen T, Collins S, et al. Clinical and molecular genetic spectrum of congenital deficiency of the leptin receptor. N Engl J Med 2007;356:237–47.PubMedCrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Halaas JL, Gajiwala KS, Maffei M, et al. Weight-reducing effects of the plasma protein encoded by the obese gene. Science 1995;269:543–6.PubMedCrossRef Halaas JL, Gajiwala KS, Maffei M, et al. Weight-reducing effects of the plasma protein encoded by the obese gene. Science 1995;269:543–6.PubMedCrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Oberkofler H, Beer A, Breban D, et al. Human obese gene expression: alternative splicing of mRNA and relation to adipose tissue localization. Obes Surg 1997;7:390–6.PubMedCrossRef Oberkofler H, Beer A, Breban D, et al. Human obese gene expression: alternative splicing of mRNA and relation to adipose tissue localization. Obes Surg 1997;7:390–6.PubMedCrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Monteiro MP, Monteiro JD, Aguas AP, et al. Rats submitted to gastric banding are leaner and show distinctive feeding patterns. Obes Surg 2006;16:597–602.PubMedCrossRef Monteiro MP, Monteiro JD, Aguas AP, et al. Rats submitted to gastric banding are leaner and show distinctive feeding patterns. Obes Surg 2006;16:597–602.PubMedCrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Monteiro MP, Monteiro JD, Aguas AP, et al. A rat model of restrictive bariatric surgery with gastric banding. Obes Surg 2006;16:48–51.PubMedCrossRef Monteiro MP, Monteiro JD, Aguas AP, et al. A rat model of restrictive bariatric surgery with gastric banding. Obes Surg 2006;16:48–51.PubMedCrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Asakawa A, Inui A, Kaga T, et al. Antagonism of ghrelin receptor reduces food intake and body weight gain in mice. Gut 2003;52:947–52.PubMedCrossRef Asakawa A, Inui A, Kaga T, et al. Antagonism of ghrelin receptor reduces food intake and body weight gain in mice. Gut 2003;52:947–52.PubMedCrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Small CJ, Liu YL, Stanley SA, et al. Chronic CNS administration of agouti-related protein (Agrp) reduces energy expenditure. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2003;27:530–3.PubMedCrossRef Small CJ, Liu YL, Stanley SA, et al. Chronic CNS administration of agouti-related protein (Agrp) reduces energy expenditure. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2003;27:530–3.PubMedCrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Hansen TK, Dall R, Hosoda H, et al. Weight loss increases circulating levels of ghrelin in human obesity. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2002;56:203–6.CrossRef Hansen TK, Dall R, Hosoda H, et al. Weight loss increases circulating levels of ghrelin in human obesity. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2002;56:203–6.CrossRef
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Brown LM, Benoit SC, Woods SC, et al. Intraventricular (i3vt) ghrelin increases food intake in fatty Zucker rats. Peptides 2007;28:612–6.PubMedCrossRef Brown LM, Benoit SC, Woods SC, et al. Intraventricular (i3vt) ghrelin increases food intake in fatty Zucker rats. Peptides 2007;28:612–6.PubMedCrossRef
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Beck B, Max JP, Fernette B, et al. Adaptation of ghrelin levels to limit body weight gain in the obese Zucker rat. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2004;318:846–51.PubMedCrossRef Beck B, Max JP, Fernette B, et al. Adaptation of ghrelin levels to limit body weight gain in the obese Zucker rat. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2004;318:846–51.PubMedCrossRef
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Ariyasu H, Takaya K, Hosoda H, et al. Delayed short-term secretory regulation of ghrelin in obese animals: evidenced by a specific RIA for the active form of ghrelin. Endocrinology 2002;143:3341–50.PubMedCrossRef Ariyasu H, Takaya K, Hosoda H, et al. Delayed short-term secretory regulation of ghrelin in obese animals: evidenced by a specific RIA for the active form of ghrelin. Endocrinology 2002;143:3341–50.PubMedCrossRef
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Beck B, Richy S, Stricker-Krongrad A. Feeding response to ghrelin agonist and antagonist in lean and obese Zucker rats. Life Sci 2004;76:473–8.PubMedCrossRef Beck B, Richy S, Stricker-Krongrad A. Feeding response to ghrelin agonist and antagonist in lean and obese Zucker rats. Life Sci 2004;76:473–8.PubMedCrossRef
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Tovar SA, Seoane LM, Caminos JE, et al. Regulation of peptide YY levels by age, hormonal, and nutritional status. Obes Res 2004;12:1944–50.PubMed Tovar SA, Seoane LM, Caminos JE, et al. Regulation of peptide YY levels by age, hormonal, and nutritional status. Obes Res 2004;12:1944–50.PubMed
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Hewson AK, Tung LY, Connell DW, et al. The rat arcuate nucleus integrates peripheral signals provided by leptin, insulin, and a ghrelin mimetic. Diabetes 2002;51:3412–9.PubMedCrossRef Hewson AK, Tung LY, Connell DW, et al. The rat arcuate nucleus integrates peripheral signals provided by leptin, insulin, and a ghrelin mimetic. Diabetes 2002;51:3412–9.PubMedCrossRef
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Nijhuis J, van Dielen FM, Buurman WA, et al. Ghrelin, leptin and insulin levels after restrictive surgery: a 2-year follow-up study. Obes Surg 2004;14:783–7.PubMedCrossRef Nijhuis J, van Dielen FM, Buurman WA, et al. Ghrelin, leptin and insulin levels after restrictive surgery: a 2-year follow-up study. Obes Surg 2004;14:783–7.PubMedCrossRef
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Foschi D, Corsi F, Rizzi A, et al. Vertical banded gastroplasty modifies plasma ghrelin secretion in obese patients. Obes Surg 2005;15:1129–32.PubMedCrossRef Foschi D, Corsi F, Rizzi A, et al. Vertical banded gastroplasty modifies plasma ghrelin secretion in obese patients. Obes Surg 2005;15:1129–32.PubMedCrossRef
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Stoeckli R, Chanda R, Langer I, et al. Changes of body weight and plasma ghrelin levels after gastric banding and gastric bypass. Obes Res 2004;12:346–50.PubMedCrossRef Stoeckli R, Chanda R, Langer I, et al. Changes of body weight and plasma ghrelin levels after gastric banding and gastric bypass. Obes Res 2004;12:346–50.PubMedCrossRef
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Ram E, Vishne T, Diker D, et al. Impact of gastric banding on plasma ghrelin, growth hormone, cortisol, DHEA and DHEA-S levels. Obes Surg 2005;15:1118–23.PubMedCrossRef Ram E, Vishne T, Diker D, et al. Impact of gastric banding on plasma ghrelin, growth hormone, cortisol, DHEA and DHEA-S levels. Obes Surg 2005;15:1118–23.PubMedCrossRef
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Hanusch-Enserer U, Brabant G, Roden M. Ghrelin concentrations in morbidly obese patients after adjustable gastric banding. N Engl J Med 2003;348:2159–60.PubMedCrossRef Hanusch-Enserer U, Brabant G, Roden M. Ghrelin concentrations in morbidly obese patients after adjustable gastric banding. N Engl J Med 2003;348:2159–60.PubMedCrossRef
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Rodriquez de Fonseca F, Navarro M, Alvarez E, et al. Peripheral versus central effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists on satiety and body weight loss in Zucker obese rats. Metabolism 2000;49:709–17.PubMedCrossRef Rodriquez de Fonseca F, Navarro M, Alvarez E, et al. Peripheral versus central effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists on satiety and body weight loss in Zucker obese rats. Metabolism 2000;49:709–17.PubMedCrossRef
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Stylopoulos N, Davis P, Pettit JD, et al. Changes in serum ghrelin predict weight loss after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in rats. Surg Endosc 2005;19:942–6.PubMedCrossRef Stylopoulos N, Davis P, Pettit JD, et al. Changes in serum ghrelin predict weight loss after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in rats. Surg Endosc 2005;19:942–6.PubMedCrossRef
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Pittner RA, Moore CX, Bhavsar SP, et al. Effects of PYY[3-36] in rodent models of diabetes and obesity. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2004;28:963–71.PubMedCrossRef Pittner RA, Moore CX, Bhavsar SP, et al. Effects of PYY[3-36] in rodent models of diabetes and obesity. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2004;28:963–71.PubMedCrossRef
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Alvarez Bartolome M, Borque M, Martinez-Sarmiento J, et al. Peptide YY secretion in morbidly obese patients before and after vertical banded gastroplasty. Obes Surg 2002;12:324–7.PubMedCrossRef Alvarez Bartolome M, Borque M, Martinez-Sarmiento J, et al. Peptide YY secretion in morbidly obese patients before and after vertical banded gastroplasty. Obes Surg 2002;12:324–7.PubMedCrossRef
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Korner J, Bessler M, Cirilo LJ, et al. Effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery on fasting and postprandial concentrations of plasma ghrelin, peptide YY, and insulin. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005;90:359–65.PubMedCrossRef Korner J, Bessler M, Cirilo LJ, et al. Effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery on fasting and postprandial concentrations of plasma ghrelin, peptide YY, and insulin. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005;90:359–65.PubMedCrossRef
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Valverde I, Puente J, Martin-Duce A, et al. Changes in glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion after biliopancreatic diversion or vertical banded gastroplasty in obese subjects. Obes Surg 2005;15:387–97.PubMedCrossRef Valverde I, Puente J, Martin-Duce A, et al. Changes in glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion after biliopancreatic diversion or vertical banded gastroplasty in obese subjects. Obes Surg 2005;15:387–97.PubMedCrossRef
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Kalra SP, Dube MG, Sahu A, et al. Neuropeptide Y secretion increases in the paraventricular nucleus in association with increased appetite for food. PNAS 1991;88:10931–5.PubMedCrossRef Kalra SP, Dube MG, Sahu A, et al. Neuropeptide Y secretion increases in the paraventricular nucleus in association with increased appetite for food. PNAS 1991;88:10931–5.PubMedCrossRef
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Lewis DE, Shellard L, Koeslag DG, et al. Intense exercise and food restriction cause similar hypothalamic neuropeptide Y increases in rats. Am J Physiol 1993;264:E279–84.PubMed Lewis DE, Shellard L, Koeslag DG, et al. Intense exercise and food restriction cause similar hypothalamic neuropeptide Y increases in rats. Am J Physiol 1993;264:E279–84.PubMed
51.
Zurück zum Zitat McKibbin PE, Cotton SJ, McMillan S, et al. Altered neuropeptide Y concentrations in specific hypothalamic regions of obese (fa/fa) Zucker rats. Possible relationship to obesity and neuroendocrine disturbances. Diabetes 1991;40:1423–9.PubMedCrossRef McKibbin PE, Cotton SJ, McMillan S, et al. Altered neuropeptide Y concentrations in specific hypothalamic regions of obese (fa/fa) Zucker rats. Possible relationship to obesity and neuroendocrine disturbances. Diabetes 1991;40:1423–9.PubMedCrossRef
52.
Zurück zum Zitat Beck B, Richy S, Stricker-Krongrad A. Ghrelin and body weight regulation in the obese Zucker rat in relation to feeding state and dark/light cycle. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2003;228:1124–31. Beck B, Richy S, Stricker-Krongrad A. Ghrelin and body weight regulation in the obese Zucker rat in relation to feeding state and dark/light cycle. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2003;228:1124–31.
53.
Zurück zum Zitat Sanacora G, Kershaw M, Finkelstein JA, et al. Increased hypothalamic content of preproneuropeptide Y messenger ribonucleic acid in genetically obese Zucker rats and its regulation by food deprivation. Endocrinology 1990;127:730–7.PubMedCrossRef Sanacora G, Kershaw M, Finkelstein JA, et al. Increased hypothalamic content of preproneuropeptide Y messenger ribonucleic acid in genetically obese Zucker rats and its regulation by food deprivation. Endocrinology 1990;127:730–7.PubMedCrossRef
54.
Zurück zum Zitat Korner J, Savontaus E, Chua SC Jr, et al. Leptin regulation of Agrp and Npy mRNA in the rat hypothalamus. J Neuroendocrinol 2001;13:959–66.PubMedCrossRef Korner J, Savontaus E, Chua SC Jr, et al. Leptin regulation of Agrp and Npy mRNA in the rat hypothalamus. J Neuroendocrinol 2001;13:959–66.PubMedCrossRef
55.
Zurück zum Zitat Quinn R. Comparing rat’s to human’s age: how old is my rat in people years? Nutrition 2005;21:775–7.PubMedCrossRef Quinn R. Comparing rat’s to human’s age: how old is my rat in people years? Nutrition 2005;21:775–7.PubMedCrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Increase in Ghrelin Levels After Weight Loss in Obese Zucker Rats is Prevented by Gastric Banding
verfasst von
Mariana P. Monteiro
Andreia H. Ribeiro
Ana F. Nunes
Mónica M. Sousa
J. Duarte Monteiro
Artur P. Águas
M. Helena Cardoso
Publikationsdatum
01.12.2007
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Obesity Surgery / Ausgabe 12/2007
Print ISSN: 0960-8923
Elektronische ISSN: 1708-0428
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-007-9324-7

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 12/2007

Obesity Surgery 12/2007 Zur Ausgabe

Wie erfolgreich ist eine Re-Ablation nach Rezidiv?

23.04.2024 Ablationstherapie Nachrichten

Nach der Katheterablation von Vorhofflimmern kommt es bei etwa einem Drittel der Patienten zu Rezidiven, meist binnen eines Jahres. Wie sich spätere Rückfälle auf die Erfolgschancen einer erneuten Ablation auswirken, haben Schweizer Kardiologen erforscht.

Hinter dieser Appendizitis steckte ein Erreger

23.04.2024 Appendizitis Nachrichten

Schmerzen im Unterbauch, aber sonst nicht viel, was auf eine Appendizitis hindeutete: Ein junger Mann hatte Glück, dass trotzdem eine Laparoskopie mit Appendektomie durchgeführt und der Wurmfortsatz histologisch untersucht wurde.

Mehr Schaden als Nutzen durch präoperatives Aussetzen von GLP-1-Agonisten?

23.04.2024 Operationsvorbereitung Nachrichten

Derzeit wird empfohlen, eine Therapie mit GLP-1-Rezeptoragonisten präoperativ zu unterbrechen. Eine neue Studie nährt jedoch Zweifel an der Notwendigkeit der Maßnahme.

Ureterstriktur: Innovative OP-Technik bewährt sich

19.04.2024 EAU 2024 Kongressbericht

Die Ureterstriktur ist eine relativ seltene Komplikation, trotzdem bedarf sie einer differenzierten Versorgung. In komplexen Fällen wird dies durch die roboterassistierte OP-Technik gewährleistet. Erste Resultate ermutigen.

Update Chirurgie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.

S3-Leitlinie „Diagnostik und Therapie des Karpaltunnelsyndroms“

Karpaltunnelsyndrom BDC Leitlinien Webinare
CME: 2 Punkte

Das Karpaltunnelsyndrom ist die häufigste Kompressionsneuropathie peripherer Nerven. Obwohl die Anamnese mit dem nächtlichen Einschlafen der Hand (Brachialgia parästhetica nocturna) sehr typisch ist, ist eine klinisch-neurologische Untersuchung und Elektroneurografie in manchen Fällen auch eine Neurosonografie erforderlich. Im Anfangsstadium sind konservative Maßnahmen (Handgelenksschiene, Ergotherapie) empfehlenswert. Bei nicht Ansprechen der konservativen Therapie oder Auftreten von neurologischen Ausfällen ist eine Dekompression des N. medianus am Karpaltunnel indiziert.

Prof. Dr. med. Gregor Antoniadis
Berufsverband der Deutschen Chirurgie e.V.

S2e-Leitlinie „Distale Radiusfraktur“

Radiusfraktur BDC Leitlinien Webinare
CME: 2 Punkte

Das Webinar beschäftigt sich mit Fragen und Antworten zu Diagnostik und Klassifikation sowie Möglichkeiten des Ausschlusses von Zusatzverletzungen. Die Referenten erläutern, welche Frakturen konservativ behandelt werden können und wie. Das Webinar beantwortet die Frage nach aktuellen operativen Therapiekonzepten: Welcher Zugang, welches Osteosynthesematerial? Auf was muss bei der Nachbehandlung der distalen Radiusfraktur geachtet werden?

PD Dr. med. Oliver Pieske
Dr. med. Benjamin Meyknecht
Berufsverband der Deutschen Chirurgie e.V.

S1-Leitlinie „Empfehlungen zur Therapie der akuten Appendizitis bei Erwachsenen“

Appendizitis BDC Leitlinien Webinare
CME: 2 Punkte

Inhalte des Webinars zur S1-Leitlinie „Empfehlungen zur Therapie der akuten Appendizitis bei Erwachsenen“ sind die Darstellung des Projektes und des Erstellungswegs zur S1-Leitlinie, die Erläuterung der klinischen Relevanz der Klassifikation EAES 2015, die wissenschaftliche Begründung der wichtigsten Empfehlungen und die Darstellung stadiengerechter Therapieoptionen.

Dr. med. Mihailo Andric
Berufsverband der Deutschen Chirurgie e.V.