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Current Diabetes Reports
Erschienen in: Current Diabetes Reports 11/2015

01.11.2015 | Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes and Insulin Resistance (RM Watanabe, Section Editor)

Adipose Tissue Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes

verfasst von: Ayano Kohlgruber, Lydia Lynch

Erschienen in: Current Diabetes Reports | Ausgabe 11/2015

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Abstract

At least 2.8 million people die each year as a result of being overweight or obese, and the biggest burden being obesity-related diseases. Overweight and obesity account for a major proportion of type 2 diabetes (T2D) cases. Obesity is associated with inflammation in adipose tissue, namely an infiltration and expansion of macrophages, which produce inflammatory cytokines that interfere with insulin signaling, and a loss of protective cells that promote adipose homeostasis. Thus, it is now clear that inflammation is an underlying cause or contributor to T2D as well as many other obesity-induced diseases, including atherosclerosis and cancer. Inflammatory pathways contribute to impaired glucose handling by adipocytes, hepatocytes, and muscle cells and interfere with insulin production and insulin signaling. This review highlights the roles of the different immune populations in lean adipose tissue and their importance in tissue homeostasis to keep inflammation at bay. We also discuss the changes that occur in these immune cells during the development of obesity, which has detrimental effects on the health of adipose tissue, and local and systemic insulin resistance.
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Metadaten
Titel
Adipose Tissue Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes
verfasst von
Ayano Kohlgruber
Lydia Lynch
Publikationsdatum
01.11.2015
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Current Diabetes Reports / Ausgabe 11/2015
Print ISSN: 1534-4827
Elektronische ISSN: 1539-0829
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-015-0670-x

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