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Current Treatment Options in Neurology

Erschienen in:

01.06.2018 | Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders (J Graves, Section Editor)

Pediatric Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders

verfasst von: Grace Y. Gombolay, MD, Tanuja Chitnis, MD

Erschienen in: Current Treatment Options in Neurology | Ausgabe 6/2018

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Abstract

Purpose of review

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs) are a group of inflammatory and demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system that can occur in children and adults. The classic presentation of NMOSD is characterized by optic neuritis and transverse myelitis, but other presentations are also recognized, expanding the disease as NMO spectrum disorders. The purpose of this review is to discuss the clinical features, along with management and treatment options, including potential future therapeutic options, in pediatric NMOSD.

Recent findings

The aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4 ab) is specific for NMOSD; however, recently another antibody, the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG ab) has been found in a subset of AQP4 ab-negative patients including in children. Most treatment studies are reported in adults, but retrospective studies on efficacy and safety of mycophenolate mofetil, azathioprine, and rituximab in pediatric NMOSD are available.

Summary

While some pediatric NMOSD-specific treatment studies are available, more research is needed in the mechanisms of early onset and specific treatment options in children, including whether different treatment considerations are needed for AQP4 ab as opposed to MOG ab-positive disease.

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Titel: Pediatric Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders
verfasst von: Grace Y. Gombolay, MD
Tanuja Chitnis, MD
Publikationsdatum: 01.06.2018
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Current Treatment Options in Neurology / Ausgabe 6/2018
Print ISSN: 1092-8480
Elektronische ISSN: 1534-3138
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11940-018-0502-9

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