Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology 2/2008

01.06.2008 | Radiology Review

Embryology, normal anatomy, and imaging techniques of the hyoid and larynx with respect to forensic purposes: a review article

verfasst von: Vidija Soerdjbalie-Maikoe, Rick R. van Rijn

Erschienen in: Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology | Ausgabe 2/2008

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Experiences with pre- and postmortem imaging in a forensic setting create more and more interest. If autopsy is permitted, forensic pathologists perform careful examination of the neck structures, which plays an important role as this is decisive in the diagnostics of compressive neck injury. Primary tools are important: forensic pathologists and radiologists are supposed to be aware of the complex anatomy of the neck, especially the laryngeal region, to interprete their findings at autopsy and after imaging. It is of great interest whether CT and MR imaging techniques would be useful in comparing findings of autopsy and document findings if autopsy is refused. In the light of this, the embryology, anatomy and a review of imaging techniques of the neck will be highlighted in this article, with special attention to the value of updated imaging techniques of the larynx for forensic purposes in living people and postmortem.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Knight B. Forensic pathology. New York: Oxford University Press; 1991. Knight B. Forensic pathology. New York: Oxford University Press; 1991.
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Di Maio DJ, DiMaio VJM. Forensic pathology. New York: Elsevier; 1989. Di Maio DJ, DiMaio VJM. Forensic pathology. New York: Elsevier; 1989.
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Dimmick JE, Kalousek DK. Developmental pathology of the embryo & fetus. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1992. p. 1. Dimmick JE, Kalousek DK. Developmental pathology of the embryo & fetus. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1992. p. 1.
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Wind J. On the phylogeny and ontogeny of the human larynx. Groningen: Wolters-Noordhof; 1970. p. 89–108. Wind J. On the phylogeny and ontogeny of the human larynx. Groningen: Wolters-Noordhof; 1970. p. 89–108.
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Carlson BM. Human embryology and developmental biology. 3rd ed. New York: Elsevier; 2004. p. 317–49. Carlson BM. Human embryology and developmental biology. 3rd ed. New York: Elsevier; 2004. p. 317–49.
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Scheuer L, Black S. Developmental juvenile osteology. UK: Academic Press; 2000. p. 167–8. Scheuer L, Black S. Developmental juvenile osteology. UK: Academic Press; 2000. p. 167–8.
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Hast MH. The developmental anatomy of the larynx. Otolaryngol Clinics N-Am 1970;3:431–8. Hast MH. The developmental anatomy of the larynx. Otolaryngol Clinics N-Am 1970;3:431–8.
8.
Zurück zum Zitat van den Broek P, Brinkman WFB. Congenital laryngeal defects. Int J Ped Otorhinolaryng 1979;1:71–8.CrossRef van den Broek P, Brinkman WFB. Congenital laryngeal defects. Int J Ped Otorhinolaryng 1979;1:71–8.CrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Müller F, O’ Rahilly R. The human chondrocranium at the end of the embryonic period, proper, with particular reference to the nervous system. Am J Anat 1980;159:33–58.PubMedCrossRef Müller F, O’ Rahilly R. The human chondrocranium at the end of the embryonic period, proper, with particular reference to the nervous system. Am J Anat 1980;159:33–58.PubMedCrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Koebke J. Some observations on the development of the human hyoid bone. Anat Embryol 1978;153:279–86. Koebke J. Some observations on the development of the human hyoid bone. Anat Embryol 1978;153:279–86.
11.
Zurück zum Zitat di Nunno N, Lumbardo S. Anomalies and alterations of the hyoid–larynx complex in forensic radiographic studies. Am J Forensic Med Pathol 2004;25:14–9.PubMedCrossRef di Nunno N, Lumbardo S. Anomalies and alterations of the hyoid–larynx complex in forensic radiographic studies. Am J Forensic Med Pathol 2004;25:14–9.PubMedCrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat O’ Halloran RL, Lundy JK. Age and ossification of the hyoid bone, forensic implications. J Forensic Sci 1987;32:1655–9. O’ Halloran RL, Lundy JK. Age and ossification of the hyoid bone, forensic implications. J Forensic Sci 1987;32:1655–9.
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Pollanen S, Chiasson DA. Fracture of the hyoid bone in strangulation: comparison of fractured and unfractured hyoids from victims of strangulation. J Forensic Sci 1996;41:110–3.PubMed Pollanen S, Chiasson DA. Fracture of the hyoid bone in strangulation: comparison of fractured and unfractured hyoids from victims of strangulation. J Forensic Sci 1996;41:110–3.PubMed
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Koebke J, Saturnus KS. Zur Morphologie des Adulten Menschlichen Zungenbeins Z. Rechtsmedizin 1979;84:7–18.CrossRef Koebke J, Saturnus KS. Zur Morphologie des Adulten Menschlichen Zungenbeins Z. Rechtsmedizin 1979;84:7–18.CrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Miller WP, Walker PL, O’ Halloran RL. Age and sex-related variation in hyoid bone morphology. J Forensic Sci 1998;43:1138–43.PubMed Miller WP, Walker PL, O’ Halloran RL. Age and sex-related variation in hyoid bone morphology. J Forensic Sci 1998;43:1138–43.PubMed
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Watanabee H, Kurihara K, Murai T. A morphometrical study of laryngeal cartilages medicine. Sci Law 1982;22:255–60. Watanabee H, Kurihara K, Murai T. A morphometrical study of laryngeal cartilages medicine. Sci Law 1982;22:255–60.
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Russo PE. Calcification of hyoid, thyroid and tracheal cartilage in infancy. Am J Roentgenol Radium Ther Nucl Med 1958;80:440–2.PubMed Russo PE. Calcification of hyoid, thyroid and tracheal cartilage in infancy. Am J Roentgenol Radium Ther Nucl Med 1958;80:440–2.PubMed
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Goldbloom DB, Dunbar JS. Calcification of cartilages in the trachea and larynx in infancy associated with congenital stridor. Pediatrics 1960;26:669–73.PubMed Goldbloom DB, Dunbar JS. Calcification of cartilages in the trachea and larynx in infancy associated with congenital stridor. Pediatrics 1960;26:669–73.PubMed
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Turk L, Hogg DA. Age changes in the human laryngeal cartilages. Clin Anat 1993;6:154–62.CrossRef Turk L, Hogg DA. Age changes in the human laryngeal cartilages. Clin Anat 1993;6:154–62.CrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Jurik AG. Ossification and calcification of the laryngeal skeleton. Acta Radiol Diagnosis 1984;25:17–22. Jurik AG. Ossification and calcification of the laryngeal skeleton. Acta Radiol Diagnosis 1984;25:17–22.
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Lisser H. Studies on the development of the human larynx. Am J Anat 1911;12:27–66.CrossRef Lisser H. Studies on the development of the human larynx. Am J Anat 1911;12:27–66.CrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Wind J. On the phylogeny and the ontogeny of the human larynx. Groningen: Wolters-Noordhof; 1970. p. 101. Wind J. On the phylogeny and the ontogeny of the human larynx. Groningen: Wolters-Noordhof; 1970. p. 101.
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Doménech-Mateu JM, Sañudo JR. Chondrification of laryngeal cartilages. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1989;2:2095–7. Doménech-Mateu JM, Sañudo JR. Chondrification of laryngeal cartilages. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1989;2:2095–7.
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Putz/Pabst: Sobotta, Atlas der Anatomie des Menschen, 22nd ed. München: © 2006 Elsevier GmbH, Urban & Fischer Verlag. Putz/Pabst: Sobotta, Atlas der Anatomie des Menschen, 22nd ed. München: © 2006 Elsevier GmbH, Urban & Fischer Verlag.
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Lev MH, Curtin HD. Larynx. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 1998;8(1):235–56.PubMed Lev MH, Curtin HD. Larynx. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 1998;8(1):235–56.PubMed
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Raghavendra BN, Horii SC, Reede DL, Rumancik WM, Persky M, Bergeron T. Sonographic anatomy of the larynx, with particular reference to the vocal cords. J Ultrasound Med 1987;6(5):225–30.PubMed Raghavendra BN, Horii SC, Reede DL, Rumancik WM, Persky M, Bergeron T. Sonographic anatomy of the larynx, with particular reference to the vocal cords. J Ultrasound Med 1987;6(5):225–30.PubMed
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Gritzmann N, Traxler M, Grasl M, Pavelka R. Advanced laryngeal cancer: sonographic assessment. Radiology 1989;171(1):171–5.PubMed Gritzmann N, Traxler M, Grasl M, Pavelka R. Advanced laryngeal cancer: sonographic assessment. Radiology 1989;171(1):171–5.PubMed
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Wakisaka N, Miwa T, Yoshizaki T, Furukawa M. Cricoid ossification mimicking an impacted foreign body. J Laryngol Otol 2006;120(7):E24.PubMedCrossRef Wakisaka N, Miwa T, Yoshizaki T, Furukawa M. Cricoid ossification mimicking an impacted foreign body. J Laryngol Otol 2006;120(7):E24.PubMedCrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Laguna D, González FM. Calcification of the posterior cricoid lamina simulating a foreign body in the aerodigestive tract (2005:11b). Eur Radiol 2006;16(2):515–7.PubMedCrossRef Laguna D, González FM. Calcification of the posterior cricoid lamina simulating a foreign body in the aerodigestive tract (2005:11b). Eur Radiol 2006;16(2):515–7.PubMedCrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Mu LC, Sun DQ, He PJ. Radiological diagnosis of aspirated foreign bodies in children: review of 343 cases. Laryngol Otol 1990;104(10):778–82. Mu LC, Sun DQ, He PJ. Radiological diagnosis of aspirated foreign bodies in children: review of 343 cases. Laryngol Otol 1990;104(10):778–82.
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Kuttenberger JJ, Hardt N, Schlegel C. Diagnosis and initial management of laryngotracheal injuries associated with facial fractures. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2004;32(2):80–4.PubMed Kuttenberger JJ, Hardt N, Schlegel C. Diagnosis and initial management of laryngotracheal injuries associated with facial fractures. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2004;32(2):80–4.PubMed
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Castelijns JA, van de Brekel MW, Tobi H, et al. Laryngeal carcinoma after radiation therapy: correlation of abnormal MR imaging signal patterns in laryngeal cartilage with the risk of recurrence. Radiology 1996;198:151–5.PubMed Castelijns JA, van de Brekel MW, Tobi H, et al. Laryngeal carcinoma after radiation therapy: correlation of abnormal MR imaging signal patterns in laryngeal cartilage with the risk of recurrence. Radiology 1996;198:151–5.PubMed
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Thomas JV, Olsen KD, Bryan Neel H, et al. Early glottic carcinoma treated with open laryngeal procedures. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1994;120:264–8.PubMed Thomas JV, Olsen KD, Bryan Neel H, et al. Early glottic carcinoma treated with open laryngeal procedures. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1994;120:264–8.PubMed
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Yen K, Vock P, Christe A, Scheurer E, Jackowski C, et al. Clinical forensic radiology in strangulation victims: forensic expertise based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. Int J Legal Med 2007;121(2):115–23.PubMedCrossRef Yen K, Vock P, Christe A, Scheurer E, Jackowski C, et al. Clinical forensic radiology in strangulation victims: forensic expertise based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. Int J Legal Med 2007;121(2):115–23.PubMedCrossRef
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Plattner T, Bolliger S, Zollinger U. Forensic assessment of survived strangulation. Forensic Sci Int 2005;153(2–3):202–7.PubMedCrossRef Plattner T, Bolliger S, Zollinger U. Forensic assessment of survived strangulation. Forensic Sci Int 2005;153(2–3):202–7.PubMedCrossRef
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Stanley RB Jr., Hanson DG. Manual strangulation injuries of the larynx. Arch Otolaryngol 1983;109(5):344–7.PubMed Stanley RB Jr., Hanson DG. Manual strangulation injuries of the larynx. Arch Otolaryngol 1983;109(5):344–7.PubMed
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Lupetin AR, Hollander M, Rao VM. CT evaluation of laryngotracheal trauma. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 1998;2(1):105–16.PubMedCrossRef Lupetin AR, Hollander M, Rao VM. CT evaluation of laryngotracheal trauma. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 1998;2(1):105–16.PubMedCrossRef
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Oh JH, Min HS, et al. Isolated cricoid fracture associated with blunt neck trauma. Emerg Med J 2007;24(7):505–6.PubMedCrossRef Oh JH, Min HS, et al. Isolated cricoid fracture associated with blunt neck trauma. Emerg Med J 2007;24(7):505–6.PubMedCrossRef
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Borowski DW, Mehrotra P, et al. Unusual presentation of blunt laryngeal injury with cricotracheal disruption by attempted hanging: a case report. Am J Otolaryngol 2004;25(33):195–8.PubMedCrossRef Borowski DW, Mehrotra P, et al. Unusual presentation of blunt laryngeal injury with cricotracheal disruption by attempted hanging: a case report. Am J Otolaryngol 2004;25(33):195–8.PubMedCrossRef
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Yen K, Thali MJ, Aghayev E, et al. Strangulation signs: initial correlation of MRI, MSCT and Forensic neck findings. J Magn Reson Imaging 2005;22(4):501–10.PubMedCrossRef Yen K, Thali MJ, Aghayev E, et al. Strangulation signs: initial correlation of MRI, MSCT and Forensic neck findings. J Magn Reson Imaging 2005;22(4):501–10.PubMedCrossRef
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Yen K, Scheurer E, Aghayev E, Thali MJ. Clinical forensic radiology in strangulation victims: forensic expertise based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. Int J Legal Med 2007;121:115–23.PubMedCrossRef Yen K, Scheurer E, Aghayev E, Thali MJ. Clinical forensic radiology in strangulation victims: forensic expertise based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. Int J Legal Med 2007;121:115–23.PubMedCrossRef
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Aghayev E, Jackowski C, Sonnenschein M, et al. Virtopsy hemorrhage of the posterior cricoarythenoid muscle by blunt force to the neck in post-mortem multislice computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Am l Forensic Med Pathol 2006;27(1):25–9.CrossRef Aghayev E, Jackowski C, Sonnenschein M, et al. Virtopsy hemorrhage of the posterior cricoarythenoid muscle by blunt force to the neck in post-mortem multislice computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Am l Forensic Med Pathol 2006;27(1):25–9.CrossRef
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Bolliger S, Thali M, Jackowski C, et al. Postmortem non-invasive virtual autopsy: death by hanging in a car. J Forensic Sci 2005;50(2):455–60.PubMedCrossRef Bolliger S, Thali M, Jackowski C, et al. Postmortem non-invasive virtual autopsy: death by hanging in a car. J Forensic Sci 2005;50(2):455–60.PubMedCrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Embryology, normal anatomy, and imaging techniques of the hyoid and larynx with respect to forensic purposes: a review article
verfasst von
Vidija Soerdjbalie-Maikoe
Rick R. van Rijn
Publikationsdatum
01.06.2008
Verlag
Humana Press Inc
Erschienen in
Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology / Ausgabe 2/2008
Print ISSN: 1547-769X
Elektronische ISSN: 1556-2891
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-008-9032-1

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 2/2008

Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology 2/2008 Zur Ausgabe

Neu im Fachgebiet Pathologie

Molekularpathologische Untersuchungen im Wandel der Zeit

Open Access Biomarker Leitthema

Um auch an kleinen Gewebeproben zuverlässige und reproduzierbare Ergebnisse zu gewährleisten ist eine strenge Qualitätskontrolle in jedem Schritt des Arbeitsablaufs erforderlich. Eine nicht ordnungsgemäße Prüfung oder Behandlung des …

Vergleichende Pathologie in der onkologischen Forschung

Pathologie Leitthema

Die vergleichende experimentelle Pathologie („comparative experimental pathology“) ist ein Fachbereich an der Schnittstelle von Human- und Veterinärmedizin. Sie widmet sich der vergleichenden Erforschung von Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschieden von …

Gastrointestinale Stromatumoren

Open Access GIST CME-Artikel

Gastrointestinale Stromatumoren (GIST) stellen seit über 20 Jahren ein Paradigma für die zielgerichtete Therapie mit Tyrosinkinaseinhibitoren dar. Eine elementare Voraussetzung für eine mögliche neoadjuvante oder adjuvante Behandlung bei …

Personalisierte Medizin in der Onkologie

Aufgrund des erheblichen technologischen Fortschritts in der molekularen und genetischen Diagnostik sowie zunehmender Erkenntnisse über die molekulare Pathogenese von Krankheiten hat in den letzten zwei Jahrzehnten ein grundlegender …