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Tumor Biology

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01.06.2013 | Review

The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer

verfasst von: Qingchao Zhu, Renyuan Gao, Wen Wu, Huanlong Qin

Erschienen in: Tumor Biology | Ausgabe 3/2013

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Abstract

The human gastrointestinal tract harbors a complex and abundant microbial community that can reach levels as high as 10¹³–10¹⁴ microorganisms in the colon. These microorganisms are essential to a host’s well-being in terms of nutrition and mucosa immunity. However, numerous studies have also implicated members of the colonic microbiota in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). While CRC involves a genetic component where damaged DNA and genetic instability initiates a malignant transformation, environmental factors can also contribute to the onset of CRC. Furthermore, considering the constant exposure of the colonic mucosa to the microbiome and/or its metabolites, the mucosa has long been proposed to contribute to colon tumorigenesis. However, the mechanistic details of these associations remain unknown. Fortunately, due to technical and conceptual advances, progress in characterizing the taxonomic composition, metabolic capacity, and immunomodulatory activity of human gut microbiota have been made, thereby elucidating its role in human health and disease. Furthermore, the use of experimental animal models and clinical/epidemiological studies of environmental etiological factors has identified a correlation between gut microbiota composition and gastrointestinal cancers. Bacteria continuously stimulate activated immunity in the gut mucosa and also contribute to the metabolism of bile and food components. However, the highest levels of carcinogen production are also associated with gut anaerobic bacteria and can be lowered with live lactobacilli supplements. In this review, evidence regarding the relationship between microbiota and the development of CRC will be discussed, as well as the role for microbial manipulation in affecting disease development.

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Titel: The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer
verfasst von: Qingchao Zhu
Renyuan Gao
Wen Wu
Huanlong Qin
Publikationsdatum: 01.06.2013
Verlag: Springer Netherlands
Erschienen in: Tumor Biology / Ausgabe 3/2013
Print ISSN: 1010-4283
Elektronische ISSN: 1423-0380
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13277-013-0684-4

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The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer

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CXCR4-mediated Stat3 activation is essential for CXCL12-induced cell invasion in bladder cancer

Association between the C3435T polymorphism of ABCB1/MDR1 gene (rs1045642) and colorectal cancer susceptibility

Polyinosinic-cytidylic acid as an adjuvant on natural killer- and dendritic cell-mediated antitumor activities

Overexpression of ARK5 is associated with poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma

Association of GSTT1 gene polymorphisms with the risk of prostate cancer: an updating meta-analysis

GSTP1 Ala114Val polymorphism and colorectal cancer risk: a meta-analysis

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