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American Journal of Clinical Dermatology

Erschienen in:

18.07.2023 | Systematic Review

Comorbid Conditions Associated with Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

verfasst von: Sophia Ly, Priya Manjaly, Kanika Kamal, Ali Shields, Bruna Wafae, Najiba Afzal, Lara Drake, Katherine Sanchez, Samantha Gregoire, Guohai Zhou, Carol Mita, Arash Mostaghimi

Erschienen in: American Journal of Clinical Dermatology | Ausgabe 6/2023

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Abstract

Background

Alopecia areata (AA) is a complex autoimmune condition resulting in nonscarring hair loss. In recent years, many studies have provided new evidence on comorbid diseases present in patients with AA. However, some studies have conflicting results, and analyses conducting a comprehensive approach are lacking.

Objective

The aim of our study was to provide an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of medical comorbidities associated with AA.

Methods

We searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science for case-control, cross-sectional, and cohort studies investigating medical comorbidities in AA published from inception through 1 February 2023.

Results

We screened 3428 abstracts and titles and reviewed 345 full text articles for eligibility. Ultimately, 102 studies were analyzed, comprising 680,823 patients with AA and 72,011,041 healthy controls. Almost all included studies (100 of 102 studies) were of satisfactory to high quality (Newcastle–Ottawa scale score ≥ 4). Among patients with AA, comorbidities with the highest odds ratios (OR) compared with healthy controls and data available from more than one study included vitamin D deficiency (OR 10.13, 95% CI 4.24–24.20), systemic lupus erythematous (OR 5.53, 95% CI 3.31–9.23), vitiligo (OR 5.30, 95% CI 1.86–15.10), metabolic syndrome (OR 5.03, 95% CI 4.18–6.06), and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (OR 4.31, 95% CI 2.51–7.40). AA may be a protective factor for certain disorders, for which the AA group had lower odds compared with healthy controls, such as irritable bowel syndrome (OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.14–0.99) and colorectal cancer (OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.42–0.89).

Conclusion

These findings corroborate and contextualize the risks across comorbidities for patients with AA. Further work should be done to identify the underlying pathophysiology and understand appropriate screening criteria.

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Titel: Comorbid Conditions Associated with Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
verfasst von: Sophia Ly
Priya Manjaly
Kanika Kamal
Ali Shields
Bruna Wafae
Najiba Afzal
Lara Drake
Katherine Sanchez
Samantha Gregoire
Guohai Zhou
Carol Mita
Arash Mostaghimi
Publikationsdatum: 18.07.2023
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Erschienen in: American Journal of Clinical Dermatology / Ausgabe 6/2023
Print ISSN: 1175-0561
Elektronische ISSN: 1179-1888
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40257-023-00805-4

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