Background
Methods
Total hip replacement (THR) groups
Group | Number of participants (% of baseline) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline | 3 months | 6 months | 1 year | 2 years | 5 years | |
Total hip replacement (controls) | 110 | - | 74 (67%) | - | - | 71 (65%) |
Total hip replacement (patients) | 274 | - | 222 (81%) | - | - | 179 (65%) |
Total knee replacement | 105 | - | 94 (90%) | 87 (83%) | - | 80 (76%) |
Arthroscopic partial meniscectomy | 74 | 63 (85%) | - | - | - | - |
Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction | 62 | - | 62 (100%) | 55 (89%) | 46 (74%) | - |
Total knee replacement (TKR) group
Arthroscopic partial meniscectomy (APM) group
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction group
Ethical approval and informed consent
Measures
Statistical analyses
Effect sizes
Sensitivity
Proportion improved or deteriorated
Population norm comparisons
Results
Group | % male | Age | |
---|---|---|---|
M (SD) | Range | ||
Total hip replacement (controls) | 44.6 | 70.7 (7.6) | 52–86 |
Total hip replacement (patients) | 47.2 | 70.5 (8.9) | 41–96 |
Total knee replacement | 37.1 | 71.3 (8.1) | 43–86 |
Arthroscopic partial meniscectomy | 67.6 | 44.8 (12.2) | 14–75 |
Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction | 80.6 | 25.9 (5.1) | 18–35 |
Baseline Scores
Changes in SF-36 Scores
SF-36 scores | Total hip replacement (controls) | Total hip replacement (patients) | Total knee replacement | Arthroscopic partial meniscectomy | Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | M (SD) | ES | N | M (SD) | ES | N | M (SD) | ES | N | M (SD) | ES | N | M (SD) | ES | ||
PF | Baseline | 44 | 79.6 (17.7) | 147 | 30.7 (20.1) | 68 | 30.0 (14.9) | 62 | 59.0 (21.8) | 46 | 44.2 (21.8) | |||||
First follow-up | 44 | 78.2 (21.8) | -0.1 | 147 | 60.5 (22.0) | 1.5 | 68 | 60.6 (21.1) | 2.1 | 62 | 73.7 (21.9) | 0.7 | 46 | 79.6 (17.7) | 1.6 | |
Final follow-up | 44 | 74.5 (24.1) | -0.3 | 147 | 57.6 (27.3) | 1.3 | 68 | 52.3 (24.1) | 1.5 | 46 | 83.4 (20.2) | 1.8 | ||||
RP | Baseline | 42 | 68.5 (41.0) | 139 | 8.5 (20.2) | 64 | 12.6 (23.7) | 62 | 36.7 (38.3) | 46 | 14.1 (26.7) | |||||
First follow-up | 42 | 69.6 (42.6) | 0.0 | 139 | 49 (42.6) | 2.0 | 64 | 42.7 (42.4) | 1.3 | 62 | 62.5 (42.2) | 0.7 | 46 | 64.7 (40.0) | 1.9 | |
Final follow-up | 42 | 60.1 (42.4) | -0.2 | 139 | 49.6 (43.2) | 2.0 | 64 | 48.0 (43.9) | 1.5 | 46 | 80.4 (34.9) | 2.5 | ||||
BP | Baseline | 50 | 75.7 (24.2) | 154 | 30.9 (17.2) | 66 | 30.6 (18.8) | 62 | 44.4 (19.2) | 46 | 41.8 (20.4) | |||||
First follow-up | 50 | 73.0 (27.6) | -0.1 | 154 | 70.3 (23.6) | 2.3 | 66 | 70.9 (23.7) | 2.1 | 62 | 63.3 (24.9) | 1.0 | 46 | 74.4 (20.7) | 1.6 | |
Final follow-up | 50 | 70.2 (28.0) | -0.2 | 154 | 67.1 (26.0) | 2.1 | 66 | 63.9 (25.1) | 1.8 | 46 | 75.8 (25.3) | 1.7 | ||||
GH | Baseline | 46 | 70.2 (20.3) | 139 | 68.8 (19.1) | 59 | 66.0 (18.3) | 61 | 82.4 (15.1) | 46 | 81.5 (15.8) | |||||
First follow-up | 46 | 68.6 (22.0) | -0.1 | 139 | 72.5 (20.7) | 0.2 | 59 | 70.0 (20.9) | 0.2 | 61 | 80.1 (19.4) | -0.2 | 46 | 85.0 (15.8) | 0.2 | |
Final follow-up | 46 | 61.8 (22.7) | -0.4 | 139 | 63.6 (22.9) | -0.3 | 59 | 62.7 (24.0) | -0.2 | 46 | 83.4 (17.1) | 0.1 | ||||
VT | Baseline | 45 | 69.8 (21.7) | 135 | 50.9 (20.1) | 59 | 50.3 (26.7) | 62 | 60.8 (22.1) | 46 | 59.5 (19.3) | |||||
First follow-up | 45 | 69.1 (21.6) | 0.0 | 135 | 70.9 (19.2) | 1.0 | 59 | 67.3 (24.4) | 0.6 | 62 | 69.4 (22.3) | 0.4 | 46 | 71.6 (22.5) | 0.6 | |
Final follow-up | 45 | 63.8 (22.6) | -0.3 | 135 | 64.3 (22.4) | 0.7 | 59 | 61.0 (27.7) | 0.4 | 46 | 72.1 (20.0) | 0.7 | ||||
SF | Baseline | 49 | 87.8 (19.7) | 157 | 65.4 (26.2) | 66 | 72.7 (23.0) | 62 | 86.3 (18.6) | 46 | 72.6 (26.0) | |||||
First follow-up | 49 | 84.9 (18.9) | -0.1 | 157 | 87.9 (19.5) | 0.9 | 66 | 86.7 (19.1) | 0.6 | 62 | 87.5 (22.6) | 0.1 | 46 | 90.8 (16.1) | 0.7 | |
Final follow-up | 49 | 82.7 (24.0) | -0.3 | 157 | 84.3 (22.3) | 0.7 | 66 | 83.5 (25.2) | 0.5 | 46 | 94.3 (14.6) | 0.8 | ||||
RE | Baseline | 37 | 76.1 (34.4) | 139 | 39.3 (43.6) | 56 | 40.5 (43.0) | 62 | 68.8 (38.1) | 46 | 52.9 (43.6) | |||||
First follow-up | 37 | 76.6 (37.6) | 0.0 | 139 | 68.1 (39.7) | 0.7 | 56 | 64.0 (43.1) | 0.5 | 62 | 77.4 (36.6) | 0.2 | 46 | 81.9 (36.3) | 0.7 | |
Final follow-up | 37 | 77.5 (40.9) | 0.0 | 139 | 65.5 (42.0) | 0.6 | 56 | 57.7 (42.4) | 0.4 | 46 | 92.0 (20.1) | 0.9 | ||||
MH | Baseline | 45 | 86.6 (13.7) | 136 | 69.8 (21.6) | 59 | 71.0 (21.0) | 62 | 78.1 (18.4) | 46 | 71.8 (18.9) | |||||
First follow-up | 45 | 85.2 (13.9) | -0.1 | 136 | 83.8 (17.7) | 0.6 | 59 | 80.0 (19.7) | 0.4 | 62 | 83.6 (17.6) | 0.3 | 46 | 84.3 (17.0) | 0.7 | |
Final follow-up | 45 | 82.0 (15.6) | -0.3 | 136 | 80.6 (17.9) | 0.5 | 59 | 77.2 (20.1) | 0.3 | 46 | 86.2 (12.8) | 0.8 |
Effect sizes
Floor and ceiling effects
SF-36 scores | Total hip replacement (controls) | Total hip replacement (patients) | Total knee replacement | Arthroscopic partial meniscectomy | Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% scoring 0 | % scoring 100 | % scoring 0 | % scoring 100 | % scoring 0 | % scoring 100 | % scoring 0 | % scoring 100 | % scoring 0 | % scoring 100 | ||
PF | Baseline | - | 12.0 | 8.3 | - | 1.4 | - | 1.6 | 0.0 | 2.2 | - |
First follow-up | - | 13.6 | 1.3 | 0.7 | - | 1.4 | - | 6.3 | - | 4.3 | |
Final follow-up | 2.2 | 8.7 | 3.9 | - | 2.7 | - | - |
28.3
| |||
RP | Baseline |
19.6
|
54.3
|
80.8
| 2.0 |
70.4
| 2.8 |
39.7
|
19.0
|
76.1
| - |
First follow-up |
21.4
|
61.9
|
35.3
|
31.7
|
40.8
|
26.8
|
20.6
|
50.8
|
19.6
|
45.7
| |
Final follow-up |
26.2
|
42.9
|
35.3
|
35.3
|
38.0
|
19.4
| 10.9 |
71.7
| |||
BP | Baseline | - |
40.0
| 9.0 | 1.3 | 8.3 | 1.4 | - | 1.6 | - | 2.2 |
First follow-up | - |
36.0
| 0.6 |
27.1
| - |
26.4
| - | 12.7 | - |
21.7
| |
Final follow-up | 2.0 |
38.0
| 0.6 |
25.8
| - |
19.4
| 2.2 |
41.3
| |||
GH | Baseline | - | 8.7 | - | 4.3 | - | 1.5 | - |
16.1
| - | 8.7 |
First follow-up | - | 13.0 | 0.7 | 5.7 | - | 8.8 | - |
27.4
| - | 13.0 | |
Final follow-up | - | 6.5 | 1.4 | 4.3 | - | 8.8 | - |
21.7
| |||
VT | Baseline | - | 4.4 | 2.2 | 0.7 | 3.0 | 4.5 | - | 3.2 | - | - |
First follow-up | - | 11.1 | 0.7 | 5.1 | - | 7.6 | - | 7.9 | - | 13.0 | |
Final follow-up | 2.2 | 4.4 | 0.7 | 4.4 | 3.0 | 4.5 | - | 6.5 | |||
SF | Baseline | - |
64.0
| 3.2 |
17.7
| - |
22.5
| - |
52.4
| 2.2 |
32.6
|
First follow-up | - |
53.1
| 0.6 |
60.8
| - |
57.7
| - |
68.3
| - |
67.4
| |
Final follow-up | 2.0 |
52.0
| 1.9 |
55.7
| 2.8 |
53.5
| - |
84.8
| |||
RE | Baseline | 10.8 |
59.5
|
47.5
|
30.2
|
46.9
|
28.1
| 14.3 |
54.0
|
30.4
|
41.3
|
First follow-up | 13.5 |
67.6
|
17.3
|
55.4
|
28.1
|
53.1
| 12.7 |
68.3
|
15.2
|
76.1
| |
Final follow-up |
18.9
|
75.7
|
23.0
|
54.0
|
26.6
|
43.8
| - |
84.8
| |||
MH | Baseline | - |
20.0
| - | 6.6 | - | 12.1 | - | 9.5 | - | - |
First follow-up | - |
15.6
| 0.7 |
24.1
| - |
21.2
| - |
22.2
| - |
21.7
| |
Final follow-up | - | 13.3 | - |
19.0
| - |
16.7
| - |
15.2
|
Sensitivity: Group changes
Norm 95%CI¶ | Total hip replacement (controls) | Total hip replacement (patients) | Total knee replacement | Arthroscopic partial meniscectomy | Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction | ||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SEM* | MDC# | ΔM (SD) | SEM | MDC | ΔM (SD) | SEM | MDC | ΔM (SD) | SEM | MDC | ΔM (SD) | SEM | MDC | ΔM (SD) | |||||||
Ind | Grp | Ind | Grp | Ind | Grp | Ind | Grp | Ind | Grp | ||||||||||||
PF | 12 | 12 | 34 | 5 | -2 (12) | 18 | 49 | 4 | 27 (23) | 15 | 41 | 6 | 29 (17) | 16 | 45 | 6 | 15 (23) | 14 | 40 | 6 | 34 (21) |
RP | 23 | 21 | 57 | 10 | -2 (26) | 33 | 91 | 8 | 33 (33) | 30 | 84 | 12 | 35 (34) | 32 | 88 | 11 | 27 (45) | 29 | 81 | 12 | 50 (30) |
BP | 15 | 15 | 41 | 6 | -3 (16) | 20 | 54 | 5 | 37 (23) | 19 | 51 | 7 | 36 (27) | 17 | 46 | 6 | 20 (24) | 17 | 48 | 7 | 31 (22) |
GH | 18 | 13 | 36 | 6 | -4 (13) | 14 | 39 | 4 | 0 (17) | 13 | 35 | 5 | 3 (14) | 10 | 27 | 3 | -3 (14) | 11 | 31 | 5 | 2 (12) |
VT | 16 | 12 | 34 | 6 | -2 (14) | 16 | 44 | 4 | 17 (20) | 18 | 50 | 7 | 16 (22) | 14 | 39 | 5 | 9 (20) | 12 | 34 | 5 | 11 (14) |
SF | 26 | 17 | 48 | 7 | -3 (21) | 19 | 53 | 5 | 19 (24) | 19 | 52 | 7 | 14 (25) | 14 | 38 | 5 | 1 (19) | 17 | 46 | 7 | 19 (26) |
RE | 28 | 28 | 79 | 14 | 3 (31) | 35 | 97 | 9 | 25 (43) | 34 | 94 | 14 | 24 (47) | 27 | 74 | 9 | 9 (38) | 28 | 78 | 11 | 30 (43) |
MH | 24 | 12 | 33 | 5 | -3 (14) | 15 | 40 | 4 | 12 (17) | 14 | 39 | 6 | 8 (18) | 12 | 33 | 4 | 5 (17) | 12 | 34 | 5 | 12 (17) |