Background
Methods
Results
Public drug usea | ||
---|---|---|
Characteristic
|
Yes
n
= 382,
n
(%)
|
No
n
= 241,
n
(%)
|
Age pre year older
| ||
(Median, IQR)
c
| 43 (37-49) | 46 (40-50) |
Female Gender
| ||
Yes | 145 (38) | 104 (43) |
No | 237 (62) | 137 (57) |
Aboriginal Ancestry
| ||
Yes | 137 (36) | 94 (39) |
No | 245 (64) | 147 (61) |
Limited Access to Private Space
d
| ||
Yes | 316 (83) | 169 (70) |
No | 66 (17) | 72 (30) |
Daily Cocaine Injection
d
| ||
Yes | 39 (10) | 9 (4) |
No | 343 (90) | 232 (96) |
Daily Heroin Injection
d
| ||
Yes | 107(28) | 25 (10) |
No | 275 (72) | 216 (90) |
Daily Crack Smoking
d
| ||
Yes | 220 (58) | 72 (30) |
No | 162 (42) | 169 (70) |
Overdose (non-fatal)
d
| ||
Yes | 18 (5) | 3 (1) |
No | 364 (95) | 238 (99) |
Encounters with police
e
| ||
Yes | 114 (30) | 35 (15) |
No | 268 (70) | 206 (85) |
Victim of Violence
d
| ||
Yes | 77 (20) | 30 (12) |
No | 305 (80) | 211 (88) |
Sex Trade
d
| ||
Yes | 60 (16) | 19 (8) |
No | 322 (84) | 222 (92) |
Drug Dealing
d
| ||
Yes | 150 (39) | 46 (19) |
No | 232 (61) | 195 (81) |
Univariate | Multivariate | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristic
|
OR
b
(95% CI)
|
p-value
c
| AOR (95% CI) |
p-value
|
Older Age
| ||||
Per year older |
0.96 (0.94 - 0.98)
|
<0.001
| 0.98 (0.96 - 1.00) | 0.065 |
Gender
| ||||
Female vs. Male | 0.81 (0.58 - 1.12) | 0.197 | ||
Aboriginal Ancestry
| ||||
Yes vs. No | 0.87 (0.63 - 1.22) | 0.429 | ||
Limited Access to Private Space
d
| ||||
Yes vs. No |
2.04 (1.39 - 2.99)
|
<0.001
| 1.49 (0.99 - 2.26) | 0.058 |
Daily Cocaine Injection
d
| ||||
Yes vs. No |
2.93 (1.39 - 6.17)
|
0.003
| 1.70 (0.77 - 3.75) | 0.190 |
Daily Heroin Injection
d
| ||||
Yes vs. No |
3.36 (2.10 - 5.38)
|
<0.001
|
1.95 (1.17 - 3.27)
|
0.011
|
Daily Crack Cocaine Smoking
d
| ||||
Yes vs. No |
3.19 (2.26 - 4.49)
|
<0.001
|
2.17 (1.49 - 3.14)
|
<.001
|
Overdose (non-fatal)*
d
| ||||
Yes vs. No |
3.92 (1.13 - 20.98)
|
0.020
| 2.04 (0.55 - 7.61) | 0.288 |
Encounters with Police
e
| ||||
Yes vs. No |
2.50 (1.64 - 3.81)
|
<0.001
|
1.69 (1.07 - 2.68)
|
0.025
|
Victim of Violence
d
| ||||
Yes vs. No |
1.78 (1.12 - 2.80)
|
0.013
| 1.52 (0.92 - 2.51) | 0.100 |
Sex Trade
d
| ||||
Yes vs. No |
2.18 (1.26 - 3.75)
|
0.004
| 1.30 (0.72 - 2.38) | 0.386 |
Drug Dealing
d
| ||||
Yes vs. No |
2.74 (1.87 - 4.01)
|
<0.001
|
1.61 (1.06 - 2.47)
|
0.027
|
Willing to use SIRa | ||
---|---|---|
Characteristic
|
Yes
n
= 271,
n
(%)
|
No
n
= 111,
n
(%)
|
Age pre year older
| ||
(Median, IQR)c | 43 (37-49) | 44 (37-48) |
Female Gender
| ||
Yes | 117 (43) | 28 (25) |
No | 154 (57) | 83 (75) |
Aboriginal Ancestry
| ||
Yes | 108 (40) | 29 (26) |
No | 163 (60) | 82 (74) |
Limited Access to Private Space
e
| ||
Yes | 230 (85) | 86 (77) |
No | 41 (15) | 25 (23) |
Drug Scene Exposure
e, f
| ||
Yes | 157 (58) | 49 (44) |
No | 114 (42) | 62 (56) |
Most Drug Use in Public Areas
e
| ||
Yes | 140 (52) | 43 (39) |
No | 131 (48) | 68 (61) |
Daily Crack Cocaine Smoking
e
| ||
Yes | 164 (61) | 56 (50) |
No | 107 (39) | 55 (50) |
Risky Pipe Sharing
e
| ||
Yes | 38 (14) | 3 (3) |
No | 233 (86) | 108 (97) |
Encounters with Police
d
| ||
Yes | 92 (34) | 22 (20) |
No | 179 (66) | 89 (80) |
Victim of Violence
e
| ||
Yes | 53 (20) | 24 (22) |
No | 218 (80) | 87 (78) |
Univariate | Multivariate | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristic
|
OR
a
(95% CI)
|
p-value
b
| AOR
c
(95% CI) |
p-value
|
Older Age
| ||||
Per year older | 1.01 (0.98 - 1.04) | 0.446 | ||
Gender
| ||||
Female vs. Male |
2.25 (1.38 - 3.68)
|
0.001
|
2.11 (1.26 - 3.55)
|
0.005
|
Aboriginal Ancestry
| ||||
Yes vs. No |
1.87 (1.15 - 3.05)
|
0.011
| 1.61 (0.96 - 2.72) | 0.072 |
Limited Access to Private Space
d
| ||||
Yes vs. No | 1.63 (0.94 - 2.84) | 0.083 | ||
Drug Scene Exposure
d
| ||||
Yes vs. No |
1.74 (1.12 - 2.72)
|
0.014
| 1.40 (0.86 - 2.28) | 0.181 |
Most Drug Use in Public Areas
d
| ||||
Yes vs. No |
1.69 (1.08 - 2.65)
|
0.022
| 1.39 (0.85 - 2.28) | 0.187 |
Daily Crack Cocaine Smoking
d
| ||||
Yes vs. No | 1.51 (0.96 - 2.35) | 0.071 | ||
Binge Drug Use
d
| ||||
Yes | ||||
Risky Pipe Sharing*
d
| ||||
Yes vs. No |
5.87 (1.79 - 30.29)
|
<0.001
|
5.50 (1.63 - 18.56)
|
0.006
|
Encounters with Police
e
| ||||
Yes vs. No |
2.08 (1.22 - 3.53)
|
0.006
|
2.09 (1.20 - 3.65)
|
0.010
|
Victim of Violence
d
| ||||
Yes vs. No | 0.88 (0.51 - 1.52) | 0.648 |