Review
Introduction
Methods
Cost study
All studies | Lopez Bastida et al.
[13] | Coduras et al.
[14] | Rigaud et al.
[15] | Kronborg Andersen et al.
[16] | Cavallo et al.
[17] | Mesterton et al.
[18] | Kiencke et al.
[19] | Leon et al.
[20] | Hay et al.
[21] | Rice et al.
[22] | Leon et al.
[23] | Ostbye et al.
[24] | Zencir et al.
[25] | Wang et al.
[26] | Suh et al.
[27] | Beeri et al.
[28] | Allegri et al.
[29] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Yes
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P
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No
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Yes
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No
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Yes
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No
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Yes
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No
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Yes
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No
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Yes
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No
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Yes
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No
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Yes
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No
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Yes
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No
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Yes
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No
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Yes
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No
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Yes
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Yes
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Yes
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Yes
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No
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Yes
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Yes
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No
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Yes
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No
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1 Was a clear definition of the illness given? | 10 | 5 | 2 | P | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | P | P | Yes | No | P | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | P | Yes | Yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2 Were epidemiological sources carefully described? | 13 | 3 | 1 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | P | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | P | Yes | P | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3 Were costs sufficiently disaggregated ? | 12 | 0 | 5 | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
4 Were activity data sources carefully described? | 15 | 1 | 1 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | P | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
5 Were activity data appropriately assessed? | 6 | 9 | 2 | Yes | P | P | P | P | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | P | No | P | P | Yes | P | P | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
6 Were the sources of all cost values analytically described? | 10 | 4 | 3 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | P | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | P | P | No | P | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
7 Were unit costs appropriately valued? | 7 | 5 | 5 | Yes | Yes | P | P | P | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | P | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | P | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
8 Were the methods adopted carefully explained? | 11 | 6 | 0 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | P | Yes | P | Yes | Yes | P | P | P | Yes | Yes | Yes | P | Yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
9 Were costs discounted ? | 0 | 2 | 15 | No | No | No | No | No | No | P | No | P | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
10 Were the major assumptions tested in a sensitivity analysis? | 3 | 0 | 14 | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | Yes | No | No | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
11 Was the presentation of study results consistent with the methodology of study? | 13 | 4 | 0 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | P | P | Yes | Yes | P | Yes | Yes | Yes | P | Yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
12 Total score by study | 100 | 39 | 48 | 8 | 1 | 2 | 9 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 3 | 7 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 7 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 7 | 1 | 3 | 7 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 8 | 1 | 2 | 8 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 2 | 2 |
Defining the disease and population
Epidemiological approach
Perspective of the analysis and costs assessed
Estimating resource consumption
Valuation of unit costs
Discounting costs
Sensitivity analysis
Presentation of results
Literature review
Study selection
Study review
Results
Study | Country | Type of helthcare system (insurance) | Year of valuation | Currency | Perspective | Design of cost analysis | Sample size | Type of setting | Follow-up (months) |
Total annual cost per patient (US$)
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lopez Bastida et al.
[13] | Spain | Public social | 2001 | € | Societal | Prosepective | 237 | At home | 12 |
37,881
|
Coduras et al.
[14] | Spain | Public social | 2006 | € | Societal | Prospective multicentre | 560 | At home and in institution | 12 |
22,558
|
Rigaud et al.
[15] | France | Public social | 1996 | € | Societal | Retrospective single centre | 48 | At home | 6 |
31,153
|
Kronborg Andersen et al.
[16] | Denmark | Public social | 1997 | DKK | Societal | Prospective single centre | 164 | At home and in institution | 12 |
17,078
|
Cavallo et al.
[17] | Italy | Public and private | 1995 | ₤ | Family | Prospective single centre | 423 | At home | NS |
52,954
|
Mesterton et al.
[18] | Sweden | Public social | 2007 | SEK | Societal | Prospective multicentre | 233 | At home and in institution | 1 |
46,956
|
Kiencke et al.
[19] | Germany | Public health | 2005 | € | Healthcare payer | Decision model | 21512 | NS | 60 |
11,786
|
Leon et al.
[20] | USA | Private | 1996 | US$ | Societal | Prospective multicentre | 150 | At home and in institution | 1 |
18,804
|
Hay et al.
[21] | USA | Private | 1983 | US$ | Societal | Retrospective | NS | At home and in institution | Lifetime |
18,517*
|
Rice et al.
[22] | USA | Private | 1990 | US$ | Societal | Prospective multicentre | 187 | At home and in institution | 12 |
51,905*
|
Leon et al.
[23] | USA | Private | 1996 | US$ | Societal | Prospective multicentre | 679 | At home and in institution | NS |
27,672
|
Ostbye et al.
[24] | Canada | Public social | 1991 | CAN$ | Societal | Not specify | 10263 | At home and in institution | NS |
13,900*
|
Zencir et al.
[25] | Turkey | Public and private | 2003 | TRY | NS | Prosepective | 42 | At home | 3 |
3,492
|
Wang et al.
[26] | China | Public social insurance | 2006 | RMB | NS | Prospective single centre | 66 | NS | 12 |
2,935*
|
Suh et al.
[27] | Korea | Private | 2002 | ₩ | Societal | Decision model | NS | At home and in institution | 12 |
11,389
|
Beeri et al.
[28] | Israel | Public social | 1999 | NIS | Societal | Prospective multicentre | 121 | At home and in institution | 6 |
19,893*
|
Allegri et al.
[29] | Argentina | Public and private | 2001 | $Ar | Societal | Retrospective | 100 | At home and in institution | 3 |
7,709
|
Study |
Total annual cost per patient (US$)
| Direct medical costs | Inpatient | Outpatient | Medication | Specialized institution | Other | Direct non medical costs | Home help | Nursing home | Transportation | Other | Informal costs | Indirect costs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lopez Bastida et al.
[13] |
37,881
|
4,848
| 924 | 844 | 2,468 | 301 | 311 |
2,306
| 2,223 | NA | 83 | NA |
29,884
|
843
|
Coduras et al.
[14] |
22,558
|
4,744
| 144 | 503 | 2,137 | 1,97 | NA |
5,798
| 4,66 | 1,138 | NA | NA |
12,016
|
NA
|
Rigaud et al.
[15] |
31,153
|
6,663
| NS | NS | NS | NS | NA |
5,632
| 5,632 | NS | NS | NA |
18,858
|
NA
|
Kronborg Andersen et al.
[16] |
17,078
|
4,357
| 4,11 | 247 | NA | NA | NA |
12,721
| 12,663 | NA | NA | 58 |
NA
|
NA
|
Cavallo et al.
[17] |
52,954
|
2,722
| NA | NA | NA | 2,722 | NA |
5,496
| 5,496 | NA | NA | NA |
44,736
|
NA
|
Mesterton et al.
[18] |
46,956
|
3,155
| 1,067 | 1,118 | 970 | NA | NA |
39,373
| 6,487 | 32,886 | NA | NA |
4,428
|
NA
|
Kiencke et al.
[19] |
11,786
|
11,786
| 2,889 | 1,449 | 2,126 | NS | 677 |
NA
| NA | NA | NA | NA |
NA
|
NA
|
Leon et al.
[20] |
18,804
|
7,284
| NS | NS | NS | NA | NA |
NA
| NA | NA | NA | NA |
11,52
|
NA
|
Hay et al.
[21] |
18,517*
|
2,292
| 756 | 1,292 | 244 | NA | NA |
7,285
| 1,774 | 5,326 | 167 | 18 |
9
|
NA
|
Rice et al.
[22] |
51,905*
|
22,176
| 1,072 | 545 | 301 | 19,521 | 737 |
9,699
| 9,585 | NA | NA | 114 |
20,03
|
NA
|
Leon et al.
[23] |
27,672
|
21,924
| NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
NA
| NA | NA | NA | NA |
5,748
|
NA
|
Ostbye et al.
[24] |
13,900*
|
NS
| NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
NS
| NS | NS | NA | NS |
NS
|
NA
|
Zencir et al.
[25] |
3,492
|
2,128
| NA | 37 | 2091 | NA | NA |
NA
| NA | NA | NA | NA |
1,364
|
NA
|
Wang et al.
[26] |
2,935*
|
863
| 29 | 32 | 802 | NA | 11 |
431
| 373 | NA | NA | 27 |
1,63
|
NA
|
Suh et al.
[27] |
11,389
|
4,394
| NS | NS | NS | NA | NA |
445
| 445 | NA | NA | NA |
6,55
|
NA
|
Beeri et al.
[28] |
19,893*
|
3,974
| 1,749 | 1,63 | 584 | NA | 11 |
9,326
| 1,822 | 7,504 | NA | NA |
6,593
|
NA
|
Allegri et al.
[29] |
7,709
|
3,389
| 525 | 280 | 2,389 | NA | 195 |
2,488
| 187 | 2,301 | NA | NA |
1,832
|
NA
|