Background
Methods
Study population
Definitions of diseases and outcome
Definition of bodyweight variability
Statistical analysis
Results
Total (n = 670,797) | Reference bodyweight variability group (Q1–4) (n = 536,459) | High bodyweight variability group (Q5) (n = 134,338) | |
---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 57.80 ± 11.47 | 57.55 ± 11.15 | 58.79 ± 12.65 |
30–39 years | 45433 (6.77) | 33665 (6.28) | 11768 (8.76) |
40–64 years | 436588 (65.08) | 359809 (67.07) | 76779 (57.15) |
≥ 65 years | 188776 (28.14) | 142985 (26.65) | 45791 (34.09) |
Male | 435633 (64.94) | 357633 (66.67) | 78000 (58.06) |
Number of oral anti-diabetic medicationa | |||
0 | 226812 (33.81) | 186815 (34.82) | 39997 (29.77) |
1 | 139300 (20.77) | 110250 (20.55) | 29050 (21.62) |
2 | 195051 (29.08) | 154610 (28.82) | 40441 (30.1) |
3 or more | 109634 (16.34) | 84784 (15.80) | 24850 (18.50) |
Insulin use | 51712 (7.71) | 36711 (6.84) | 15001 (11.17) |
Hypertension | 381019 (56.80) | 303865 (56.64) | 77154 (57.43) |
Dyslipidemia | 255584 (38.10) | 204328 (38.09) | 51256 (38.15) |
Decreased renal function (eGFR < 60 mL/min) | 76556 (11.43) | 58987 (11.01) | 17569 (13.09) |
Smoking status | |||
Non-smoker | 364796 (54.38) | 286199 (53.35) | 78597 (58.51) |
Ex-smoker | 139872 (20.85) | 115510 (21.53) | 24362 (18.13) |
Current smoker | 166129 (24.77) | 134750 (25.12) | 31379 (23.36) |
Drinking status | |||
Non-drinker | 371857 (55.44) | 287962 (53.68) | 83895 (62.45) |
Mild drinker | 236249 (35.22) | 196699 (36.67) | 39550 (29.44) |
Heavy drinker | 62691 (9.35) | 51798 (9.66) | 10893 (8.11) |
Regular exercise | 159100 (23.72) | 130269 (24.28) | 28831 (21.46) |
Low income | 157722 (23.51) | 124951 (23.29) | 32771 (24.39) |
Health examination | |||
Body weight, kg | 66.52 ± 11.29 | 67.03 ± 10.92 | 64.49 ± 12.45 |
Height, cm | 162.95 ± 9.07 | 163.27 ± 8.92 | 161.66 ± 9.53 |
Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24.97 ± 3.14 | 25.07 ± 3.01 | 24.57 ± 3.59 |
Waist circumference, cm | 85.44 ± 8.14 | 85.65 ± 7.94 | 84.63 ± 8.88 |
SBP, mmHg | 129 ± 15 | 129 ± 15 | 128 ± 16 |
DBP, mmHg | 79 ± 9 | 79 ± 10 | 78 ± 10 |
Fasting glucose, mg/dL | 143 ± 43 | 142 ± 41 | 144 ± 50 |
Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 195.54 ± 40.63 | 195.92 ± 40.28 | 194.04 ± 41.95 |
HDL-cholesterol, mg/dL | 51.63 ± 21.34 | 51.47 ± 21.35 | 52.28 ± 21.26 |
LDL-cholesterol, mg/dL | 110.73 ± 44.88 | 110.85 ± 44.70 | 110.23 ± 45.58 |
Triglycerideb, mg/dL | 146.24 (146.04–146.44) | 148.26 (148.03–148.49) | 138.45 (138.02–138.87) |
Weight variability indices | |||
SD, kg | 2.02 ± 1.49 | 1.49 ± 0.71 | 4.15 ± 1.85 |
CV, % | 3.07 ± 2.26 | 2.23 ± 1.02 | 6.41 ± 2.72 |
VIM, % | 1.98 ± 1.45 | 1.44 ± 0.65 | 4.11 ± 1.74 |
ASV, kg | 2.31 ± 1.81 | 1.73 ± 0.95 | 4.63 ± 2.47 |