Background
Methods
Study setting
Study sample
Participant recruitment
Measures
Outcome variable
Explanatory variables
Research ethics review
Data analysis
Results
Socio-demographic characteristics of study population
Mothers’ characteristics | ||
Age (years) | N = 523 | % |
15–19 | 39 | 7.5 |
20–29 | 299 | 57.3 |
30–39 | 155 | 29.6 |
40–49 | 29 | 5.5 |
Education | ||
No education | 80 | 15.3 |
Primary | 356 | 68.1 |
Secondary | 87 | 16.6 |
Received childcare education | ||
Yes | 464 | 88.7 |
No | 59 | 11.3 |
Exposed to IPV | ||
Yes | 392 | 75.0 |
No | 131 | 25 |
Confidant | ||
Yes | 382 | 73.0 |
No | 141 | 27.0 |
Children’s characteristics | ||
Nutrition status | ||
Stunted | 219 | 42.0 |
Not stunted | 304 | 58.0 |
Underweight | 59 | 11.3 |
Normal weight | 57 | 10.6 |
Fever | ||
No | 172 | 32.9 |
Yes | 351 | 67.1 |
Malaria | ||
No | 338 | 62.6 |
Yes | 185 | 35.4 |
Cough | ||
Yes | 213 | 40.7 |
No | 308 | 58.9 |
Child birth weight | ||
Normal | 447 | 85.6 |
Low birth weight | 75 | 14.3 |
De-wormed | ||
Yes | 240 | 45.9 |
No | 283 | 54.1 |
Sleep under mosquito net | ||
Yes | 380 | 72.8 |
No | 142 | 27.2 |
Gender | ||
Female | 257 | 49.1 |
Male | 275 | 50.9 |
Age (months) | ||
2–5 | 59 | 13.4 |
6–11 | 90 | 17.2 |
12–23 | 155 | 29.6 |
24–59 | 219 | 41.9 |
Husbands’ characteristics | ||
Age category | ||
15–24 | 85 | 16.3 |
25–34 | 239 | 45.7 |
35–49 | 199 | 38.0 |
Educational level | ||
No education | 76 | 14.5 |
Primary | 296 | 56.2 |
Secondary | 150 | 28.7 |
Household characteristics | ||
Poverty level (US$1.90/day) | ||
Below poverty line | 500 | 95.6 |
Above poverty line | 23 | 4.4 |
Keep pigs around | ||
Yes | 59 | 11.3 |
No | 464 | 88.7 |
Keep goats around | ||
Yes | 117 | 22.4 |
No | 406 | 77.6 |
Number of children | ||
1–2 | 283 | 54.4 |
3–4 | 162 | 31.0 |
5 and more | 75 | 14.4 |
Walls of house | ||
Mud/sticks | 387 | 74.1 |
Bricks | 135 | 25.8 |
Roof of house | ||
Grass thatched | 455 | 87.0 |
Iron sheets | 67 | 12.8 |
Indoor residual spraying (IRS) | 0 | 0 |
Prevalence and factors associated with child malaria in bivariate and multivariate analyses
Variables | Crude OR | (95% CI) | P value | Adjusted OR | (95% CI) | P-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mother’s education | |||||||
No education | 2.92 | 1.44–5.91 | 0.003 | 2.77 | 1.24–6.19 | 0.013 | |
Primary | 1.12 | 0.69–1.80 | 0.656 | 1.07 | 0.62–1.87 | 0.806 | |
Secondary | 1 | 1 | |||||
Child’s age (months) | |||||||
2–5 | 0.14 | 0.07–0.26 | 0.000 | 0.21 | 0.10–0.46 | 0.000 | |
6–11 | 0.26 | 0.16–0.44 | 0.000 | 0.43 | 0.22–0.85 | 0.016 | |
12–23 | 0.64 | 0.40–1.02 | 0.063 | 0.91 | 0.52–1.57 | 0.136 | |
24–59 | 1 | 1 | |||||
Child de-wormed | |||||||
No | 2.61 | 1.79–3.82 | 0.000 | 1.42 | 0.84–2.39 | 0.191 | |
Yes | 1 | 1 | |||||
Child’s ITN use | |||||||
Yes | 0.47 | 0.30–0.75 | 0.001 | 0.72 | 0.43–1.20 | 0.200 | |
No | 1 | 1 | |||||
Husband’s age | |||||||
15–24 | 0.55 | 0.33–0.91 | 0.021 | 0.83 | 0.47–1.54 | 0.588 | |
25–34 | 1.09 | 0.73–1.63 | 0.678 | 1.24 | 0.78–1.96 | 0.362 | |
35–49 | 1 | 1 | |||||
IPVAM (control) | |||||||
Yes | 1.83 | 1.22–2.74 | 0.003 | 1.88 | 1.19–2.97 | 0.007 | |
No | |||||||
Confidant | |||||||
Yes | 0.64 | 0.43–0.99 | 0.48 | 0.70 | 0.43–1.12 | 0.136 | |
No | 1 | ||||||
Mother’s age | |||||||
15–19 | 0.37 | 0.12–1.19 | 0.096 | 0.39 | 0.11–1.48 | 0.168 | |
20–29 | 0.40 | 0.13–1.07 | 0.068 | 0.45 | 0.15–1.34 | 0.152 | |
30–39 | 0.31 | 0.11–0.86 | 0.025 | 0.29 | 0.10–0.90 | 0.032 | |
40–49 | 1 |