Background
Methods
Setting, patients and isolates
Data collection
Definitions of Staphylococcus aureus-related hospital admissions
Statistical analysis
Ethics
Results
Patients and incidence rates
Characteristics of Staphylococcus aureusinfections in relation to place of acquisition and clinical syndrome
Characteristic | All S. aureusinfections (n = 16,249) | Community-onset (CO) (n = 8,754) | Healthcare-associated, community-onset (HCA-CO) (n = 5,523) | Healthcare-associated, hospital-onset (HCA-HO) (n = 1,972) |
P value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, median, years (IQR) | 22 (6 – 50) | 13 (4 – 37) | 35 (10 – 60) | 40 (8 – 67) | < 0.001c
|
Gender, male | 9,098 (56) | 4,967 (57) | 2,965 (54) | 1,166 (59) | < 0.001d
|
Clinical syndrome | |||||
Invasive | 3,752 (23) | 1,220 (14) | 1,427 (26) | 1,105 (56) | < 0.001d
|
Non-invasive | 12,497 (77) | 7,534 (86) | 4,096 (74) | 867 (44) | - |
Ethnicitya
| |||||
European | 6,824 (42) | 3,114 (36) | 2,658 (48) | 1,052 (54) | < 0.001d
|
Māori | 3,211 (20) | 1,908 (22) | 978 (18) | 325 (17) | < 0.001d
|
Pacific peoples | 4,802 (30) | 2,932 (34) | 1,444 (26) | 426 (22) | < 0.001d
|
Other | 1,327 (8) | 743 (8) | 427 (8) | 157 (8) | 0.25d
|
NZDepb
| |||||
1–3 | 3,093 (20) | 1,553 (19) | 1,105 (21) | 435 (23) | < 0.001 d
|
4–7 | 5,443 (35) | 2,780 (34) | 1,976 (37) | 687 (37) | |
8–10 | 6,861 (45) | 3,915 (47) | 2,202 (42) | 744 (40) | 0.015 d
|
< 0.001 d
|
Comparison of MSSA, nmMRSA and mMRSA infections
Characteristic | MSSA (n = 14,292) | nmMRSA (n = 1840) | mMRSA (n = 117) |
P
| OR of MSSA vs. nmMRSA (95% CI) |
P
| OR nmMRSA vs. mMRSA infection (95% CI) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, median, IQRa
| 22 (6–50) | 16 (3–47) | 52 (31.5–71.5) | < 0.001 | - | < 0.001 | - |
Male sexb
| 8,028 (56) | 1,005 (55) | 69 (59) | 0.34 | 1.19 (0.83–1.69) | 0.23 | 0.85–1.04 |
Clinical syndromeb
| |||||||
Invasive | 3,390 (24) | 311 (17) | 51 (44) | < 0.001 | 1.53 (1.35–1.74) | < 0.001 | 0.26 (0.18–0.39) |
Non-invasive | 10,902 (76) | 1,529 (83) | 66 (56) | - | - | - | - |
Place of acquisitionb
| |||||||
CO | 7,732 (54) | 993 (54) | 29 (25) | 0.93 | 1.0 (0.91–1.11) | < 0.001 | 3.56 (2.32–5.47) |
HCA-CO | 4,851 (34) | 614 (33) | 58 (50) | 0.64 | 1.03 (0.93–1.14) | < 0.001 | 0.51 (0.35–0.74) |
HCA-HO | 1,709 (12) | 233 (13) | 30 (25) | 0.40 | 0.94 (0.81–1.08) | < 0.001 | 0.42 (0.27–0.65) |
Ethnicityb, c
| |||||||
European | 6,223 (44) | 544 (30) | 57 (49) | < 0.001 | 1.84 (1.65–2.04) | < 0.001 | 0.44 (0.30–0.64) |
Māori | 2,845 (20) | 349 (19) | 17 (15) | 0.37 | 1.06 (0.94–1.19) | 0.27 | 1.37 (0.81–2.33) |
Pacific Peoples | 3,942 (28) | 832 (46) | 28 (24) | < 0.001 | 0.41 (0.37–0.46) | < 0.001 | 2.92 (1.89–4.51) |
Other | 1,210 (8) | 103 (5) | 14 (12) | < 0.001 | 1.56 (1.27–1.92) | 0.013 | 0.44 (0.24–0.79) |
NZDep bandb,d
| |||||||
1–3 | 2,792 (21) | 275 (16) | 26 (25) | < 0.001 | 1.37 (1.20-1.57) | 0.029 | 0.58 (0.37-0.92) |
4–7 | 4,864 (36) | 546 (32) | 33 (31) | < 0.001 | 1.21 (1.09-1.35) | 1.0 | 1.02 (0.67-1.56) |
8–10 | 5,903 (44) | 911 (53) | 47 (44) | < 0.001 | 0.69 (0.63-0.77) | 0.11 | 1.39 (0.94-2.07) |
Characteristic | OR of nmMRSA vs. MSSA infection (95% CI) |
---|---|
Sex | |
Male | Reference |
Female | 0.96 (0.86–1.06) |
Type of infection | |
Non-invasive | Reference |
Invasive | 0.64 (0.55–0.74) |
Age band (years) | |
15 to 49 | Reference |
Under 5 | 0.98 (0.85–1.14) |
5 to 14 | 1.12 (0.97–1.29) |
50 to 74 | 1.09 (0.92–1.08) |
Over 75 | 1.77 (1.44–2.17) |
Ethnicity | |
European | Reference |
Māori | 1.48 (1.26–1.75) |
Pacific peoples | 2.41 (2.09–2.78) |
Other | 0.99 (0.79–1.25) |
NZDep score | |
1–3 (low) | Reference |
4–7 (medium) | 0.98 (0.84–1.15) |
8–10 (high) | 1.10 (1.14–1.29) |
Place of acquisition | |
CO | Reference |
HCA-CO | 1.08 (0.96–1.21) |
HCA-HO | 1.37 (1.15–1.62) |