Background
Methods
Study design
Sampling
Data sources and measurements
The questionnaire
Outcome variables
Statistics Denmark and socioeconomic and demographic variables
Statistical analysis
Ethical considerations
Results
Description of participants
Total study population | Weighted total study population | Danish population | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 13 777 | n = 13 777 | n = 4 110 111 | |||
n | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % | ||
Sex
| Men | 6 533 | 47.4 (46.6 to 48.3) | 45.8 (45.0 to 46.7) | 48.9 |
Women | 7 244 | 52.6 (51.7 to 53.4) | 54.2 (53.3 to 55.0) | 51.1 | |
Age, years
| 20-39 | 1 105 | 8.0 (7.6 to 8.5) | 29.0 (28.2 to 29.8) | 33.8 |
40-59 | 6 403 | 46.5 (45.6 to 47.3) | 35.9 (35.1 to 36.7) | 37.1 | |
60-79 | 5 357 | 38.9 (38.1 to 39.7) | 30.0 (29.2 to 30.8) | 23.7 | |
80-99 | 912 | 6.6 (6.2 to 7.0) | 5.1 (4.8 to 5.5) | 5.5 | |
Educational level
| Low | 4 136 | 31.0 (30.2 to 31.8) | 26.6 (25.8 to 27.3) | 31.2 |
Medium | 5 588 | 41.8 (41.0 to 42.7) | 43.4 (42.6 to 44.3) | 43.9 | |
High | 3 631 | 27.2 (26.4 to 27.9) | 28.9 (28.1 to 29.7) | 24.9 | |
Income level
| Low | 3 444 | 25 (24.3 to 25.7) | 26.6 (25.8 to 27.3) | 31.1 |
Medium | 6 888 | 50 (49.2 to 50.8) | 50.7 (49.8 to 51.5) | 49.1. | |
High | 3 444 | 25 (24.3 to 25.7) | 22.7 (22.0 to 23.5) | 19.8 | |
Labour market affiliation
| Working | 7 989 | 59.1 (58.3 to 60.0) | 66.4 (65.6 to 67.2) | 64.3 |
Pensioners | 4 414 | 32.7 (31.9 to 33.5) | 25.3 (24.6 to 26.1) | 22.2 | |
Out of workforce | 1 105 | 8.2 (7.7 to 8.6) | 8.3 (7.8 to 8.7) | 13.5 | |
Cohabitating status
| Single | 3 760 | 27.3 (26.6 to 28.0) | 29.4 (28.6 to 30.1) | - |
Cohabitant / married | 10 013 | 72.7 (72.0 to 73.4) | 70.6 (69.9 to 71.4) | - | |
Cancer diagnosis
| No | 12 531 | 91.0 (90.5 to 91.4) | 92.6 (92.1 to 93.0) | - |
Yes | 1 246 | 9.0 (8.6 to 9.5) | 7.4 (7.0 to 7.9) | - |
Socioeconomic and demographic participant characteristics and reporting of one or more cancer alarm symptoms
Participants reporting of one or more symptoms | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 2 098 | weighted prevalence% (95% CI) | OR (crude) | 95% CI | OR (adjusted)* | 95% CI | ||
Sex
| Men | 908 | 40.7 (38.6 to 47.7) | 1 | 1 | ||
Women | 1 190 | 59.3 (57.2 to 61.4) |
1.22
| 1.11 to 1.34 |
1.19
| 1.09 to 1.31 | |
Age, years
| 20-39 | 191 | 31.9 (29.8 to 33.9) | 1 | 1 | ||
40-59 | 1 090 | 39.0 (36.9 to 41.1) | 0.98 | 0.83 to 1.16 | 0.96 | 0.81 to 1.14 | |
60-79 | 726 | 25.9 (24.0 to 27.8) |
0.75
| 0.63 to 0.89 |
0.71
| 0.60 to 0.85 | |
80-99 | 91 | 3.3 (2.5 to 4.0) |
0.53
| 0.41 to 0.69 |
0.48
| 0.37 to 0.63 | |
Educational level
| Low | 634 | 27.7 (26.9 to 28.6) | 1 | 1 | ||
Medium | 852 | 42.7 (40.6 to 44.9) | 0.99 | 0.88 to 1.11 | 0.94 | 0.84 to 1.06 | |
High | 568 | 30.0 (28.0 to 32.0) | 1.02 | 0.91 to 1.16 | 0.95 | 0.83 to 1.08 | |
Income level
| Low | 496 | 26.7 (24.8 to 28.6) | 1 | 1 | ||
Medium | 1 081 | 51.7 (49.6 to 53.9) | 1.11 | 0.99 to 1.24 | 0.98 | 0.87 to 1.11 | |
High | 521 | 21.6 (19.8 to 23.3) | 1.06 | 0.93 to 1.21 | 0.95 | 0.82 to 1.10 | |
Labour market affiliation
| Working | 1 249 | 68.5 (66.4 to 70.5) | 1 | 1 | ||
Pensioners | 544 | 19.9 (18.2 to 21.7) |
0.76
| 0.68 to 0.85 | 0.93 | 0.78 to 1.10 | |
Out of workforce | 254 | 11.6 (10.2 to 13.0) |
1.61
| 1.38 to 1.88 |
1.59
| 1.36 to 1.86 | |
Cohabitating status
| Single | 618 | 30.4 (28.4 to 32.4) | 1 | 1 | ||
Cohabitant / married | 1 480 | 69.6 (67.6 to 71.6) |
0.88
| 0.80 to 0.98 |
0.84
| 0.76 to 0.93 | |
Cancer diagnosis
| No | 1 841 | 90.2 (88.9 to 91.5) | 1 | 1 | ||
Yes | 257 | 9.8 (8.5 to 11.1) |
1.51
| 1.30 to 1.75 |
1.63
| 1.40 to 1.89 |
Socioeconomic and demographic participant characteristics and prevalence of reporting each specific cancer alarm symptom
Weighted prevalences | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Felt a lump in the breast yes, n = 411 | Coughed for more than six weeks yes, n = 940 | Seen blood in urine yes, n = 307 | Seen blood on stools yes, n = 713 | ||||||
n | % (95% CI) | n | % (95% CI) | n | % (95% CI) | n | % (95% CI) | ||
Sex
| Men | 66 | 13.4 (10.2 to 16.6) | 412 | 43.1 (39.8 to 46.4) | 149 | 42.7 (40.0 to 48.5) | 402 | 54.4 (50.9 to 58.0) |
Women | 345 | 86.6 (83.4 to 89.8) | 528 | 56.8 (53.6 to 60.2) | 158 | 57.3 (51.5 to 63.0) | 311 | 45.6 (42.0 to 49.1) | |
Age, years
| 20-39 | 46 | 36.5 (32.0 to 41.1) | 60 | 23.7 (20.9 to26.6) | 21 | 25.1 (20.0 to 30.1) | 88 | 39.1 (35.7 to 42.6) |
40-59 | 259 | 45.1 (40.4 to 49.8) | 441 | 38.2 (35.0 to 41.5) | 120 | 31.4 (26.0 to 36.8) | 407 | 39.6 (36.2 to 43.1) | |
60-79 | 89 | 15.4 (12.0 to 18.8) | 399 | 34.6 (31.4 to 37.8) | 142 | 37.2 (31.5 to 42.8) | 196 | 19.1 (16.3 to 21.9) | |
80-99 | 17 | 2.9 (1.3 to 4.5) | 40 | 3.5 (2.2 to 4.7) | 24 | 6.3 (3.4 to 9.1) | 22 | 2.1 (1.1 to 3.2) | |
Educational level
| Low | 120 | 25.5 (21.4 to 29.7) | 329 | 34.2 (31.0 to 37.4) | 93 | 27.3 (22.0 to 32.6) | 186 | 22.2 (19.2 to 25.2) |
Medium | 152 | 40.5 (35.8 to 45.2) | 381 | 42.7 (39.3 to 46.0) | 133 | 49.9 (43.8 to 55.8) | 290 | 42.6 (39.1 to 46.2) | |
High | 132 | 34.0 (29.5 to 38.5) | 202 | 23.2 (20.3 to 26.0) | 70 | 22.9 (17.9 to 27.9) | 225 | 35.2 (31.8 to 38.6) | |
Income level
| Low | 86 | 26.1 (21.9 to 30.2) | 261 | 28.2 (25.2 to 31.2) | 87 | 32.1 (26.7 to 37.6) | 148 | 26.2 (23.1 to 29.4) |
Medium | 226 | 53.6 (48.9. to 58.3) | 480 | 52.4 (49.1 to 55.8) | 152 | 47.3 (41.4 to 53.1) | 357 | 49.7 (46.1 to 53.3) | |
High | 99 | 20.3 (16.5 to 24.1) | 199 | 19.4 (16.8 to 22.1) | 68 | 20.6 (15.9 to 25.3) | 208 | 24.1 (21.0 to 27.1) | |
Labour market affiliation
| Working | 283 | 76.0 (72.0 to 80.1) | 481 | 60.0 (56.7 to 63.3) | 157 | 60.6 (54.8 to 66.3) | 472 | 74.6 (71.4 to 77.7) |
Pensioners | 69 | 12.2 (9.0 to15.3) | 289 | 25.7 (22.8 to 28.7) | 119 | 31.6 (26.1 to 37.0) | 137 | 13.7 (11.3 to 16.2) | |
Out of workforce | 49 | 11.8 (8.7 to 14.8) | 142 | 14.2 (11.9 to 16.6) | 26 | 7.8 (4.7 to 11.0) | 88 | 11.7 (9.4 to 14.0) | |
Cohabitation status
| Single | 121 | 30.3 (26.0 to 34.6) | 302 | 32.7 (29.5 to 35.8) | 102 | 37.9 (32.2 to 43.6) | 190 | 25.8 (22.7 to 28.9) |
Cohabitant / married | 290 | 69.7 (65.4 to 74.0) | 638 | 67.3 (64.2 to 70.4) | 205 | 62.1 (56.4 to 67.8) | 523 | 74.2 (71.1 to 77.3) | |
Cancer diagnosis
| No | 331 | 85.5 (82.1 to 88.8) | 842 | 91.5 (89.6 to 93.4) | 257 | 85.0 (80.9 to 89.2) | 632 | 91.1 (89.0 to 93.1) |
Yes | 80 | 14.5 (11.2 to 17.9) | 98 | 8.5 (6.6 to 10.4) | 50 | 15.0 (10.8 to 19.1) | 81 | 8.9 (6.9 to 11.0) |
Felt a lump in the breast | Coughed for more than six weeks | Seen blood in urine | Seen blood in stool | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Crude | 95% CI | Adjusted* | 95% CI | Crude | 95% CI | Adjusted* | 95% CI | Crude | 95% CI | Adjusted* 95% CI | Crude 95% CI | Adjusted* 95% CI | |||||
Sex
| male | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Female |
4.90
| 3.76 to 6.39 |
4.63
| 3.54 to 6.04 |
1.17
| 1.02 to 1.33 |
1.17
| 1.02 to 1.34 | 0.96 | 0.76 to 1.20 | 0.93 | 0.74 to 1.17 |
0.68
| 0.59 to 0.80 |
0.66
| 0.57 to 0.77 | |
Age, years
| 20-39 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
40-59 | 0.97 | 0.70 to 1.34 | 0.91 | 0.66 to 1.26 | 1.29 | 0.98 to 1.70 | 1.28 | 0.97 to 1.69 | 0.99 | 0.62 to 1.57 | 0.95 | 0.59 to 1.51 |
0.78
| 0.62 to 1.00 |
0.76
| 0.60 to 0.96 | |
60-79 |
0.39
| 0.27 to 0.56 |
0.34
| 0.23 to 0.49 |
1.40
| 1.06 to 1.85 |
1.39
| 1.05 to 1.84 | 1.41 | 0.88 to 2.23 | 1.29 | 0.81 to 2.05 |
0.44
| 0.34 to 0.57 |
0.40
| 0.31 to 0.53 | |
80-99 |
0.44
| 0.25 to 0.77 |
0.33
| 0.18 to 0.58 | 0.80 | 0.53 to 1.20 | 0.77 | 0.51 to 1.17 | 1.40 | 0.77 to 2.52 | 1.22 | 0.67 to 2.22 |
0.29
| 0.18 to 0.46 |
0.26
| 0.16 to 0.42 | |
Educational level
| Low | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Medium | 0.94 | 0.73 to 1.19 | 0.88 | 0.69 to 1.14 |
0.85
| 0.73 to 0.99 | 0.86 | 0.73 to 1.00 | 1.06 | 0.81 to 1.39 | 1.14 | 0.87 to 1.50 | 1.16 | 0.96 to 1.40 | 0.96 | 0.79 to 1.16 | |
High | 1.26 | 0.98 to 1.62 | 1.06 | 0.82 to 1.38 |
0.68
| 0.57 to 0.82 |
0.69
| 0.57 to 0.83 | 0.85 | 0.62 to 1.17 | 0.94 | 0.68 to 1.30 |
1.40
| 1.15 to 1.71 | 1.14 | 0.93 to 1.40 | |
Income level
| Low | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Medium |
1.32
| 1.03 to 1.70 | 1.05 | 0.80 to 1.38 | 0.91 | 0.78 to 1.07 | 0.86 | 0.73 to 1.02 | 0.87 | 0.67 to 1.14 | 0.96 | 0.73 to 1.28 |
1.22
| 1.00 to 1.48 | 0.95 | 0.77 to 1.69 | |
High | 1.16 | 0.86 to 1.55 | 1.28 | 0.92 to 1.78 |
0.75
| 0.62 to 0.91 |
0.71
| 0.57 to 0.88 | 0.78 | 0.56 to 1.07 | 0.89 | 0.62 to 1.28 |
1.43
| 1.15 to 1.79 | 0.93 | 0.73 to 1.19 | |
Labour market affiliation
| Working | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Pensioners |
0.43
| 0.33 to 0.56 | 0.66 | 0.42 to 1.03 | 1.09 | 0.94 to 1.27 | 1.06 | 0.85 to 1.33 |
1.38
| 1.08 to 1.76 | 1.05 | 0.72 to 1.52 |
0.51
| 0.42 to 0.62 | 0.80 | 0.60 to 1.08 | |
Out of workforce | 1.26 | 0.93 to 1.72 | 1.10 | 0.80 to 1.52 |
2.30
| 1.89 to 2.81 |
2.10
| 1.72 to 2.57 | 1.02 | 0.79 to 1.83 | 1.30 | 0.88 to 1.93 |
1.38
| 1.09 to 1.75 |
1.51
| 1.18 to 1.91 | |
Cohabit status
| Single | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Cohabitant / married | 0.90 | 0.72 to 1.11 | 0.91 | 0.72 to 1.14 |
0.78
| 0.68 to 0.90 |
0.74
| 0.64 to 0.86 |
0.75
| 0.59 to 0.95 |
0.77
| 0.60 to 0.98 | 1.04 | 0.87 to 1.23 | 0.93 | 0.78 to 1.11 | |
Cancer diagnosis
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Yes |
2.53
| 1.97 to 3.25 |
2.73
| 2.14 to 3.55 | 1.19 | 0.95 to 1.47 | 1.17 | 0.94 to 1.46 |
2.00
| 1.47 to 2.72 |
1.90
| 1.39 to 2.60 |
1.31
| 1.03 to 1.66 |
1.68
| 1.31 to 2.14 |