Background
Methods
The WiZen study
Data sources
Data protection and ethics
Inclusion and exclusion criteria
Outcome
Treatment in certified cancer center
Covariates
Statistical methods
Sensitivity analyses
Results
Inclusion and exclusion
Treatment in GCS-certified pancreatic cancer centers over time
Patient and hospital characteristics
Variable | Certified: no | (n = 39,892) | Certified: yes | (n = 5,426) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age in years, Median (Q1;Q3) | 74 | (67;81) | 73 | (64;79) |
Sex, n (%) | ||||
female | 20,859 | (52.3%) | 2,754 | (50.8%) |
male | 19,033 | (47.7%) | 2,672 | (49.2%) |
Distant metastasis, n (%) | ||||
no | 18,234 | (45.7%) | 2,799 | (51.6%) |
yes | 21,658 | (54.3%) | 2,627 | (48.4%) |
Resection, n (%) | ||||
no | 31,715 | (79.5%) | 3,432 | (63.3%) |
yes | 8,177 | (20.5%) | 1,994 | (36.7%) |
Variable | Certified: no | (n = 955) | Certified: yes | (n = 96) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Hospital beds, n (%) | ||||
1–299 | 573 | (60%) | 2 | (2.1%) |
300–499 | 250 | (26.2%) | 18 | (18.8%) |
500–999 | 112 | (11.7%) | 46 | (47.9%) |
1000 + | 20 | (2.1%) | 30 | (31.2%) |
Teaching hospital, n (%) | ||||
no | 419 | (43.9%) | 19 | (19.8%) |
yes | 536 | (56.1%) | 77 | (80.2%) |
University hospital, n (%) | ||||
no | 944 | (98.8%) | 78 | (81.2%) |
yes | 11 | (1.2%) | 18 | (18.8%) |
Hospital ownership, n (%) | ||||
public | 314 | (32.9%) | 65 | (67.7%) |
non-profit | 443 | (46.4%) | 19 | (19.8%) |
private | 198 | (20.7%) | 12 | (12.5%) |
Survival
Main regression results
Variable | HR | CI | HR | CI | HR | CI | HR | CI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Certified center (ref: no) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
yes | 0.82 | (0.78,0.86) | 0.82 | (0.78,0.86) | 0.84 | (0.81,0.88) | 0.89 | (0.85,0.93) |
Age (ref: 18-59) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
60-79 | 1.43 | (1.38,1.48) | 1.47 | (1.42,1.52) | 1.46 | (1.41,1.51) | ||
80+ | 2.22 | (2.14,2.31) | 2.49 | (2.39,2.59) | 2.46 | (2.37,2.56) | ||
Sex (ref: female) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
male | 1.05 | (1.03,1.07) | 1.04 | (1.02,1.06) | 1.04 | (1.02,1.06) | ||
Other oncological disease (ref: no) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
yes | 0.94 | (0.92,0.96) | 0.85 | (0.83,0.87) | 0.85 | (0.83,0.87) | ||
Distant metastasis (ref: no) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
yes | 2.33 | (2.28,2.38) | 2.31 | (2.27,2.36) | ||||
Hospital beds (ref: 1-299) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
300-499 | 0.95 | (0.92,0.99) | ||||||
500-999 | 0.88 | (0.84,0.92) | ||||||
1000+ | 0.82 | (0.77,0.87) | ||||||
Teaching hospital (ref: no) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
yes | 0.96 | (0.93,0.99) | ||||||
University hospital (ref: no) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
yes | 0.81 | (0.74,0.88) | ||||||
Hospital ownership (ref: public) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
non-profit | 1.00 | (0.96,1.03) | ||||||
private | 1.01 | (0.97,1.05) | ||||||
Calendar year dummies | yes | yes | yes | yes | ||||
Elixhauser comorbidities | no | yes | yes | yes | ||||
Number of patients | 45,318 | 45,318 | 45,318 | 45,318 | ||||
Number of hospitals | 1,051 | 1,051 | 1,051 | 1,051 | ||||
SD(RE) | 0.26 | 0.21 | 0.19 | 0.16 |