Introduction
Method
Criteria for considering studies for this review
Types of studies
Types of participants
Search strategy for identification of studies
Data collection
Assessment of risk of bias in included studies
Results
Study | Type of study | Patients | Control group |
---|---|---|---|
I. Psychiatric comorbidity in CU patients (studies without a control group) | |||
1. Juhlin [18] | Cohort study | 330 CU patients | No |
2. Pulimood et al. [19] | Cohort study | 20 CU patients | No |
3. Picardi et al. [20] | Cohort study | 29 CU patients | No |
4. Picardi et al. [21] | Cohort study | 16 CU patients | No |
5. Staubach et al. [22] | Cohort study | 100 CU patients | No |
6. Mehta et al. [23] | Cohort study | 50 CU patients | No |
7. Sorour et al. [24] | Cohort study | 110 CU patients | No |
II. Psychiatric comorbidity in CU patients (studies with healthy individuals as a control group) | |||
8. Uguz et al. [26] | Case–control | 89 CU patients | 60 individuals |
9. Atefi et al. [25] | Case–control | 30 CU patients | 30 individuals |
10. Chu et al. [17] | Case–control | 177,879 CU patients | 996,356 individuals |
11. Staubach et al. [27] | Case–control | 100 CU patients | 96 individuals |
12. Ozkan et al. [28] | Case–control | 84 CU patients | 75 individuals |
13. Lapi et al. [29] | Case–control | 3489 CU patients | 1,714,746 individuals |
III. Psychiatric comorbidity in CU patients (studies with control subjects other than healthy individuals) | |||
14. Calıkusu et al. [31] | Case–control | 31 CU patients | 31 patients with psychogenic excoriation (PE) |
15. Yang et al. [30] | Case–control | 75 CU outpatients | 133 patients with tinea pedis |
IV. Comorbidity with specific psychiatric disorders in CU patients | |||
16. Demet et al. [33] | Cohort study | 7 CU | No |
17. Sukan et al. [34] | Case–control | 50 CU patients, 50 vitiligo patients | 50 individuals |
18. Chung et al. [32] | Case–control | 100 CU patients | 60 patients with allergy |
19. Bashir et al. [36] | Cohort study | 3 CU patients | No |
20. Tuna et al. [35] | Case–control | 130 CU patients | 100 individuals |
V. Case reports–case series—psychiatric interventions in CU patients | |||
21. Hashiro [37] | Case report | 1 CU patient with anxiety-depressive disorder | No |
22. Gupta et al. [39] | Case series | 5 patients with PTSD diagnosed with CU | No |
23. Gupta et al. [38] | Case series | 2 CU patients with panic disorder | No |
VI. Other studies | |||
24. Seyhan et al. [40] | Cohort study | 636 dermatologic patients | No |
25. Perugi et al. [41] | Cohort study | 347 patients with bipolar disorder | No |
CU patients | CU patients with psychiatric comorbidity | ||
---|---|---|---|
Juhlin [18] | |||
Cohort study | 330 | 53 | |
Pulimood et al. [19] | |||
Cohort study | 20 | 15 | |
Picardi et al. [20] | |||
Cohort study | 29 | 10 | |
Staubach et al. [22] | |||
Cohort study | 100 | 48 | |
Total | 479 | 126 | |
Pooled prevalence
|
26.3%
|
Chronic urticaria patients | Control individuals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
All | With psychiatric comorbidity | All | With psychiatric comorbidity | ||
Uguz et al. [26] | |||||
Case–control study | 89 | 44 | 60 | 8 | |
Atefi et al. [25] | |||||
Case–control study | 30 | 19 | 30 | 14 | |
Chu et al. [17] | |||||
Case–control study | 177,879 | 56,195 | 996,356 | 45,449 | |
Total | 177,998 | 56,258 | 996,446 | 45,471 | |
119# | 63# | 90# | 22# | ||
Pooled prevalence
| 31.6%* | 4.6%* | |||
52.9%#, ** | 24.4%#, **` |
DSM-5 classification | Patients N/all CU patients | Controla N/all healthy controls | p-value* | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Prevalence per study | Pooled prevalence (%) | Prevalence per study | Pooled prevalence (%) | ||
Sleep–wake disorders (e.g., insomnia disorder, restless legs syndrome) | 57/110 [24] 31/130 [35] | 88/240 (36.7%) | 12/100 [35] | (12%) based only of ref. [35] | < 0.001 |
Anxiety disorders (e.g. generalized anxiety disorder, phobias) | 30/100 [22] 2/50 [23] 48/110 [24] 24/30 [25] 39/89 [26] 25/100 [27] 10/84 [28] 4/31 [31] 15/50 [34] | 197/644 (30.6%) | 13/30 [25] 7/64 [26] | 20/94 (21.3%) | 0.16b |
Mood disorders (major depressive disorder, dysthymic disorder) | 12/20 [19] 17/100 [22] 16/50 [23] 39/110 [24] 15/30 [25] 18/89 [26] 11/100 [27] 36/84 [28] 6/31 [31] 23/50 [34] 2/3 [36] | 195/664 (29.4%) | 5/30 [25] 3/64 [26] | 8/94 (8.5%) |
0.001
|
Trauma and stressor-related disorders (e.g. posttraumatic stress disorder, adjustment disorder) | 5/100 [22] 1/31 [31] 34/100 [32] | 40/231 (17.3%) | – | – | – |
Somatic symptom and related disorders (e.g., somatic symptom disorder, conversion disorder) | 17/100 [22] 21/30 [25] 11/100 [27] 5/84 [28] | 54/314 (17.2%) | 12/30 [25] | (40%) based only of ref. [25] |
0.020
c
|
Obsessive–compulsive and related disorders | 4/100 [22] 1/50 [23] 3/110 [24] 23/89 [26] 3/31 [31] 2/7 [33] | 36/387 (9.3%) | 1/64 [26] | (1.6%) based only of ref. [26] |
0.045
|
Substance-related and addictive disorders (e.g., alcohol use disorder) | 5/100 [22] 1/50 [23] | 6/150 (4%) | – | – | – |