Introduction
Methods
Participants
Clinical evaluation
Image acquisition and cortical thickness analyses
Healthy controls | iRBD | DLB | P value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
n | 44 | 50 | 22 | |
Male/female | 15/29 | 27/23 | 13/8 | 0.14 |
Age (years) | 68.6 ± 6.3 | 70.6 ± 5.9 | 76.1 ± 5.9 | 6.37 × 10–5a |
RBD duration (years) | – | 5.0 ± 4.7 | – | 0.47 |
MMSE | 27.7 ± 2.1 | 27.0 ± 2.6 | 18.7 ± 5.3 | 2.62 × 10–9b |
B-SIT | – | 6.2 ± 2.8 | – | 0.84 |
MDS-UPDRS part I | – | 8.1 ± 5.8 | 15.8 ± 10.1 | 0.0032 |
MDS-UPDRS part II | – | 4.1 ± 4.2 | 15.4 ± 11.3 | 1.02 × 10–5 |
MDS-UPDRS part III | – | 7.2 ± 6.0 | 39.3 ± 18.2 | 6.67 × 10–11 |
Hoehn & Yahr stage | – | – | 2.3 ± 0.7 | – |
Digit span test | − 0.48 ± 0.68 | 0.11 ± 0.90 | − 0.29 ± 1.41 | 0.14 |
TMT-A | − 0.097 ± 0.39 | − 0.32 ± 1.01 | − 1.22 ± 1.99 | 0.29 |
CWST | − 0.21 ± 0.90 | − 0.77 ± 1.22 | − 1.45 ± 1.29 | 0.092 |
BNT | 0.67 ± 0.45 | − 0.16 ± 1.17 | − 1.60 ± 0.89 | 1.50 × 10–6c |
RCFT | − 0.98 ± 1.16 | − 1.44 ± 1.52 | − 2.49 ± 1.47 | 0.016d |
SVLTi | 0.43 ± 1.02 | − 0.31 ± 0.97 | − 1.25 ± 0.86 | 2.00 × 10–4e |
SVLTd | 0.37 ± 0.93 | − 0.62 ± 1.12 | − 1.33 ± 1.16 | 8.33 × 10–4f |
SVLTr | 0.77 ± 0.68 | − 0.21 ± 1.14 | − 1.25 ± 1.24 | 6.93 × 10–5g |
COWAT | − 0.083 ± 0.81 | − 0.56 ± 1.01 | − 1.07 ± 1.65 | 0.064 |
TMT-B | 0.54 ± 0.20 | − 1.49 ± 2.47 | − 4.00 ± 2.66 | 3.12 × 10–4h |
Dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging acquisition
Statistical analyses
Results
Baseline clinical characteristics of the enrolled population
Comparison of cortical thickness among DLB, iRBD and healthy control
Characterization of the DLB-related covariance pattern of cortical thickness
Characterization of AD-related cortical thickness and correlation with the DLB-pattern
Mean value of whole-brain cortical thickness
Clinical relevance of the DLB-pattern, AD-pattern and mean cortical thickness
DLB-pattern | AD-pattern | Mean cortical thickness | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Correlation coefficient | P value | Correlation coefficient | P value | Correlation coefficient | P value | |
MMSE | − 0.31 | 0.035 | − 0.088 | 0.55 | 0.37 | 0.011 |
Cognition (MDS-UPDRS part I) | 0.051 | 0.79 | 0.17 | 0.41 | − 0.64 | 4.18 × 10–4 |
MDS-UPDRS part I | − 0.042 | 0.92 | 0.12 | 0.52 | − 0.45 | 0.017 |
MDS-UPDRS part II | 0.041 | 0.90 | − 0.16 | 0.42 | − 0.52 | 0.0045 |
MDS-UPDRS part III | 0.051 | 0.87 | 0.24 | 0.26 | − 0.58 | 0.0029 |
Digit span test | − 0.11 | 0.58 | 0.22 | 0.28 | 0.053 | 0.80 |
TMT-A | − 0.55 | 0.024 | − 0.081 | 0.79 | 0.058 | 0.84 |
CWST | − 0.24 | 0.32 | − 0.26 | 0.35 | − 0.11 | 0.69 |
BNT | − 0.35 | 0.062 | − 0.095 | 0.65 | 0.48 | 0.013 |
RCFT | − 0.54 | 0.0047 | − 0.19 | 0.38 | 0.33 | 0.12 |
SVLTi | − 0.11 | 0.56 | − 0.065 | 0.75 | 0.37 | 0.060 |
SVLTd | − 0.25 | 0.18 | − 0.089 | 0.66 | 0.32 | 0.10 |
SVLTr | − 0.16 | 0.41 | 0.14 | 0.49 | 0.50 | 0.0078 |
COWAT | 0.083 | 0.73 | 0.38 | 0.16 | − 0.028 | 0.92 |
TMT-B | − 0.56 | 0.036 | − 0.29 | 0.33 | 0.24 | 0.41 |
DLB-pattern | AD-pattern | Mean cortical thickness | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline | 4-year progression | Baseline | 4-year progression | Baseline | 4-year progression | |||||||
Correlation coefficient | P | Correlation coefficient | P | Correlation coefficient | P | Correlation coefficient | P | Correlation coefficient | P | Correlation coefficient | P | |
B-SIT | − 0.14 | 0.40 | N.A | N.A | − 0.19 | 0.24 | N.A | N.A | 0.039 | 0.21 | N.A | N.A |
Cognition* | − 0.017 | 0.91 | 0.026 | 0.92 | 0.23 | 0.13 | 0.19 | 0.44 | − 0.086 | 0.57 | 0.054 | 0.83 |
MDS-UPDRS part I | 0.14 | 0.36 | − 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.27 | 0.069 | − 0.19 | 0.44 | − 0.11 | 0.46 | − 0.31 | 0.20 |
MDS-UPDRS part II | 0.13 | 0.39 | − 0.11 | 0.67 | 0.27 | 0.065 | 0.15 | 0.55 | − 0.11 | 0.47 | − 0.19 | 0.45 |
MDS-UPDRS part III | 0.08 | 0.56 | − 0.044 | 0.25 | 0.16 | 0.29 | 0.33 | 0.17 | − 0.18 | 0.23 | − 0.26 | 0.28 |
Digit span test | − 0.32 | 0.033 | 0.29 | 0.61 | − 0.036 | 0.82 | 0.064 | 0.81 | − 0.039 | 0.80 | 0.10 | 0.70 |
TMT-A | − 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.13 | 0.067 | − 0.12 | 0.47 | 0.057 | 0.83 | − 0.084 | 0.61 | 0.33 | 0.21 |
CWST | 0.31 | 0.075 | − 0.43 | 0.31 | − 0.11 | 0.54 | − 0.41 | 0.12 | 0.11 | 0.54 | − 0.13 | 0.62 |
BNT | 0.042 | 0.79 | − 0.23 | 0.37 | − 0.019 | 0.90 | − 0.22 | 0.37 | − 0.26 | 0.082 | − 0.088 | 0.72 |
RCFT | − 0.067 | 0.68 | − 0.22 | 0.035 | 0.17 | 0.26 | − 0.34 | 0.17 | − 0.22 | 0.16 | − 0.0062 | 0.98 |
SVLTi | 0.073 | 0.65 | − 0.46 | 0.018 | 0.25 | 0.097 | − 0.46 | 0.048 | 0.080 | 0.60 | − 0.085 | 0.73 |
SVLTd | 0.061 | 0.70 | − 0.51 | 0.068 | 0.12 | 0.42 | − 0.60 | 0.007 | 0.16 | 0.29 | − 0.44 | 0.057 |
SVLTr | − 0.073 | 0.64 | − 0.41 | 0.54 | 0.18 | 0.25 | − 0.24 | 0.33 | − 0.17 | 0.27 | 0.23 | 0.35 |
COWAT | 0.067 | 0.68 | − 0.16 | 0.54 | 0.0076 | 0.96 | − 0.19 | 0.49 | 0.022 | 0.89 | 0.11 | 0.69 |
TMT-B | 0.25 | 0.13 | − 0.002 | 0.99 | 0.10 | 0.58 | 0.32 | 0.24 | − 0.052 | 0.78 | 0.29 | 0.29 |
Longitudinal analyses of the cortical thickness signature in iRBD
Prediction of phenoconversion with the cortical thickness signature in iRBD patients
Total disease conversion in iRBD | Hazard ratio [95% Confidence interval] |
---|---|
MRI (DLB-pattern) | 2.27 [0.70, 7.61] |
MRI(Mean cortical thickness) | 9.33 [1.16, 74.12] |
18F-FP-CIT PET (posterior putamen SUVR < 0.65) | 8.65 [2.54, 29.41] |
Hyposmia (B-SIT) | 4.38 [1.47, 13.08] |
Objective motor examination* | 2.89 [0.91, 9.18] |
Dementia-first (n = 7) vs Parkinsonism-first (n = 10) among the converters | Overall discrimination | ||
---|---|---|---|
Sensitivity (%) | Specificity (%) | Diagnostic accuracy (%) | |
MRI (DLB-pattern) | 85.7 | 90 | 88.2 |
MRI (Mean cortical thickness) | 85.7 | 0 | 35.3 |
18F-FP-CIT PET (posterior putamen SUVR < 0.65) | 57.1 | 10 | 29.4 |
Hyposmia (B-SIT) | 66.7 | 33.3 | 31.3 |
Objective motor examination* | 85.7 | 30.0 | 58.2 |